Vanamwari veIjipiti, kubva yokukanganwa kusvika kudzidza

Nhoroondo nguva weIjipiti akatanga kwezana rwechitatu norwechina zvemakore asati azvarwa Kristu. An tsika dzekare tsika, achirapwa kufurirwa nechisimba uye munyika nenyonganyonga, asati kuitwa chiKristu muzana remakore rechina AD. Nokuti anenge matatu uye chiuru hafu makore uye mazita zvinhu vanamwari veIjipiti akavhiyiwa kuchinja. vanamwari veIjipiti vawana maitiro uye mazita yakananga vavakidzani - nevaAsiriya, vaHiti, Hyksos, nevaGiriki.

Mushure kubatana yeIjipiti pasi pokutonga mutongi chete vanamwari vazhinji mumwe nharaunda uye madzinza nyika vakapinda vakawanda pantheon, asi vakawanda vavo vainamata chete mumamiriro ezvinhu apo paiva kwakatangira kutenda kwavo. Vamwe vanamwari zvishoma nezvishoma vakatodzidza obscheegipetskoe ukoshi. Mwarikadzi Bastet, kuva katsi musoro, hapana mubvunzo, yakawedzera kubva kunamatwa yokunamata katsi sezvo zvaichengeta zviyo reserves kubva mbeva. Agriculture muIjipiti akabatanidzwa hombe basa mukusiyana Somuenzaniso, kubva Greece kuti akasimuka ainyanya nokuda zvokutengeserana uye kukunda zvechiuto. vanamwari ANTHROPOMORPHIC Egyptian kazhinji akapa nemhuka musoro pahwaro iyo kwakamuka kunamata kapoka kane. Somuenzaniso, mwari Thoth akanga nezizi guru musoro, mwarikadzi Sekhmet (Sekhmet) - shumba musoro, Anubis - musoro wembwa.

Panongotanga ruva kana imwe nzvimbo munyika, paiva kuchinja Dynasties kana "kwemahofisi" guru kune nzvimbo itsva, kuchinja uye vanamwari veIjipiti "wokutanga weDanho." An dzinonakidza kuchiitwa chitendero reIjipiti yekare aiva kuvapo vakawanda cosmological ngano (kureva shanduro Nezvekwakabva nyika), uye munzvimbo imwe neimwe chikuru basa iri kusimba nyaya dzakatsaukira yomunharaunda mwari.

vanamwari veIjipiti vazhinji vakadaro, achiva hwaro yomunharaunda separatism hapana mubvunzo haana kuva nyika chete. Mukuwedzera, zvitendero zvakawanda zvinoda kupedza yakawanda zvinhu zvinoreva kuti ane mukana nani angadai akapedza pamusoro mukati Fittings nyika, muuto uye zvichingodaro. Uye nefuma kuchinja vemhuri yomuprista kutyisidzirwa zvakananga oga nesimba Farao.

Zvinhu zvose vaiona, Farao Amenhotep IV kuti, akatora zita Akhenatan, inosuma kunamatwa zviduku remunharaunda huMwari Aton (the anonamatwa rezuva Disc) sezvo obscheegipetskoy chitendero. Asi inertia tsika yakanga vakasimba zvikuru, uye Akhenatan akafa, uye asati asvika makore makumi mana. Maererano zvikuru uchapupu shanduro, iye muchetura. Zvisinei, kutambudzwa yemhuri isingatsiki, uye mudzimai wake (yakakurumbira Nefertiti) wakasara uye vazhinji makore afa wake.

Mushure Persian, Hellenistic uye gare gare munyika basa vanamwari vevaIjipiti uye vanamwarikadzi zvishoma nezvishoma vanotanga chisanyanya simba, dziri kuderera. Ivo coalesce navanamwari nechisimba. Somuenzaniso, Aleksandr Makedonsky ainamata muIjipiti sezvo mwanakomana waZeusi-Amoni, munhu syncretic muIjipita-Hellenistic vanamwari.

Kana vamwari muEgipita, mazita avo vose omunharaunda uye zvakavhenganiswa mavambo, akatanga kupa nzira chitendero chitsva - chiKristu zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga uye yokukanganwa vaIjipiti kunyora yekare. In ushe Constantine akafa mutauri rokupedzisira Egyptian tsika yechitendero, ipapo kwemazana emakore akawanda mazita vanamwari veIjipiti yekare zvaizivikanwa chete kubva zvakanyorwa wechiGiriki uye kare vechiRoma. Asi avo uye vamwe vakasangana pamwe muEgipita netsika panguva yatova pamusoro kutapudzika, uye kashoma vakazvipira vapristi vokunze (kazhinji hasha) kupinda zvakavanzika chitendero chavo.

Kuedza decipher yekare kare akaita kakawanda sezvo vechiArabhu nyanzvi, uye vokuEurope, asi hazvina zvazvakabatsira. Yakanga chete pakutanga namapfumbamwe remakore, kwakajeka nyanzvi Fransua Shampolon akakwanisa kuwana kiyi achiongorora zvaive magwaro muIjipiti. Kubvira vakatanga ano Nguva kudzidza nhoroondo uye tsika muIjipiti yekare.