National mumapaki of Leningrad nharaunda. kudzivirirwa nzvimbo

Zvakaoma angawedzeredza sei kukosha nehwemweya uye omunyika imomo ari Leningrad nharaunda kuti vagari munhu multi-mamiriyoni St. Petersburg. Ivo vanoumba "zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza kuumbwa" yacho nharaunda, kushumira pamwe girini nenhoo. Chokwadi, pedyo napedyo mikuru dzinongoitika nzvimbo kudzikamisa nezvakatipoteredza ezvinhu munharaunda.

National Park "Karelian Isthmus"

National mumapaki pakati Leningrad nharaunda anozvikudza "Karelian Isthmus", iro riri pakati rwizi Neva uye chikamu Leningrad munzvimbo yakarwiwa panzvimbo inonzi Karelia miganhu. Ndiye kupfuura munharaunda St. Petersburg. Zviri kuitwa nyika duku pamwe kwakaita nzvimbo yacho yayo, kukwirira (kureba Koltushskoe), nzizi uye madhamu mhando. On mundima yayo yakakura pane nyanza anenge 700, nzizi dzakawanda (remasangano pavo - yakakurumbira Vuoksa Losevsky nezvikumbaridzo).

A-siyana nharaunda, unofadza meso rayo wakajeka, inoumbwa nezvebasa mazizaya yekare. Boulders yamatombo inowanikwa chengetedza. madhamu ake akawanda kwayakatangira sezvo zvaida kuti mazitombo echando.

Kunyanya masango coniferous vachiri pamusana 60% of chengetedza nzvimbo. Izvi zvingava nokuda kupfuma kwakaita fauna of ayo. Kuwedzera zvatinosiita squirrels, makava, musk dzomusango, pano unogona kuwana mabheya, mapere, yokuSpain, uye pakati peshiri - Grouse, dema Grouse, capercaillie. In makungwa rokuPacific achiri vakachengetedzwa zvisingawanzoitiki mhando hove: whitefish, grayling, whitefish.

The wacho yakasiyana dzinongoitika chakajairika of National Park anozivikanwa munzvimbo yakadzivirirwa (pas) - vose Karelian Isthmus matatu namashanu.

Mumwe wavo - shongwe zvakasikwa Lake Hawk pedyo Smithy yemapurisa. Lake sokunyorwa sandwiched pakati mawere girenayiti mawere 50 mamita dzakakwirira. mawere kunyanya inozivikanwa Parnassus, chinokwezva makomo vatambi.

Pakati nzvimbo zvikuru kudzivirirwa kubva National Parks of Leningrad dunhu - anowanzonzi anozivikanwa, vari nechokure diki kubva muguta, mhuka tsvene uye Gladyshevsky Lindulovskaya dzotswa.

Natural botanical kuchengeterwa pedyo nomusha Roshchino

Lindulovskaya Grove - mumwe Monument kuchinja Peter 1. Start uyu wakakurumbira, mukuru Europe larch yecocoa chakatangwa muna 1738 maererano Kesari urongwa, izvo zvinofanirwa kuti miti nokuti chikepe yezvebhizimisi.

Pamwe mukuru yakasiyana mhando larch, muchikura matanda okunamata nawo, uye dzimwe Conifers: Siberian vanoondoroka, spruce, misipuresi uye nemiouki, madota, elm. Individual miti yekare tinosvika kukwirira 40-50 metres, mu dhayamita - anopfuura 1 mita. Planting akaramba uye kuvandudzwa panguva yose okupedzisira 200 apfuura uye akava chikoro wokuRussia foresitiri.

Grove akapinda mu "Historic Center of Saint Petersburg uye anoenderana zvivako zviri Zvivako" UNESCO akadzivirirwa chinhu.

Gladyshevsky chengetedza

kuchengeterwa ichi riri zvinenge pedyo Lindulovskaya dzotswa. Akasika tichishandisa ichangopfuura, muna 1996. Zvinotora zvikuru yakakura nharaunda 8400 hectares.

The chikuru enzvimbo kuchengeterwa - nzvimbo nokuda salmonids uye kugara shamwari dzavo - isingawanzowanikwi mollusk rinonzi European parera. Izvi vasingasiyani peya aigara kunyanya Black River, apo ongororo ne Institute of Fisheries kudzivirira kwemakore akawanda

Uye chii zvakawanda, gore negore, masayendisiti ari kuedza kudzorera uye vawedzere Sarimoni hwevanhu (uye ichi Baltic Sarimoni uye reBaltic Sarimoni Rainbow) mu mvura Black River. Zviuru tagged fingerlings anobudiswa murwizi, vari pasi kugara nokuongororwa. Pasinei nokuti mudzidzi hove chinorambidzwa, kunze kwemutemo vachiri kubata zvimwe Sarimoni.

Amateur zvakasikwa, kushanyira Gladyshevsky kuchengeterwa, cherechedza kuti kunyange varipo ezvinhu hanya akachengetedza mhando dzakawanda rezvipembenene (siyana kungozvifunga, wasps, nyuchi), shiri (woodpeckers, jays, hawks). Makumbo kazhinji ndaona makava, squirrels, nemakonzo.

Sablinsky dzinongoitika Monument

National mumapaki pamusoro Leningrad nharaunda kudada uyewo Sablinskaya rwokuzvarwa Monument. It riri mu Tosno munzvimbo pedyo Ulyanovka musha. Kunokwezva zhinji vashanyi chakagadzirwa mumapako - mugumisiro muchivande remigodhi silica jecha 2nd hafu XIX - mangwanani XX emakore, panguva chivakwa tiguu muSt Petersburg. Kufarira ndiyewo Mangondo pamusoro penzizi uye Tosna Sablinka.

Natural Park "Vepsian dondo"

Reserves National Parks of Leningrad nharaunda zviri pamusoro wake mazita Vepsian dondo. Zvechokwadi dzinongoitika parera iri makiromita mazana matatu kubva St. Petersburg. Izvi eco ushamwari hunhu paki zhinji nharaunda 189 zviuru. Ha. Muna 1999 akagamuchira mamiriro munzvimbo zvikuru kudzivirirwa (pas).

Vepsian dondo akachengetedzwa primeval masango, anenge kuzivana upfumi basa zvipenyu hurongwa. The nedzimwe ndima iri nemumakomo, hwakawanda makungwa gomo panguva imwe kukwira pamusoro 200-250 metres pamusoro pegungwa, nzizi dzakawanda. Chinenge hafu rinosanganisira isingawanzowanikwi chaizvo kuchamhembe-kumadokero akare, zera spruce uye mupaini masango kuti anodzivirira pasi wawo vakawanda pangozi "Red List" miti. Veps masango uye anezvimiti anozvikudza pamberi 57 mhando zvisingawanzoitiki shiri. Pakati pavo, vachena emumvura, capercaillie, naZebhuruni munda, goldeneye, noruvangu.

Over chetatu nzvimbo Vepsian dondo akafukidzwa anezvimiti uye zvichida ndicho chinokosha pfuma yake. Uyu ndiwo mumwe mashoma munharaunda yacho marshes, kwete pasi kudiridzwa, apo nokuramba sanganisika tsika nesting akakwirira. Zvichida Vepsian dondo anoyeuchidza zvose Meschera National Park.

Federal National Park Meschera

Environmental kunzwisisa kusikirwa chinangwa dzinongoitika zvinogona mari Meshchersky neyamapani, riri kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumadokero kwenyika Vladimir nharaunda (yakabatana kumiganhu muMoscow uye Ryazan kumatunhu). 118 zviuru. Hectares zvakawanda nzizi uye madhamu, uye marshes kugara 5 zviuru. Ha., Sezvo 70% yendima rinosanganisira masango. Nechekare varidzi ichi nhamba hunoratidza kuti akasiyana kusiyana Reserve.

Environmental vanachiremba akasimbisa hunoshamisa kukosha Meshchery, sezvo izvi apo anomiririrwa zvizere European mhando masango coniferous uye Deciduous. Nokuda ichi isingawanzowanikwi symbiosis lesobolotnyh kurarama uye kuchengetedza vana mhuka dzakawanda huru uye shiri. Chete Meshchersk masango inogarwa Russian Desman - relict mhando nhuta mhuri.

Zvakawanda shiri nesting ari kuchengeterwa, kusanganisira vakawanda pangozi marudzi: shuramurove chena, wachena emumvura, nemazizi, curlew.

Naizvozvo, hakusi kuwedzerera kutaura kuti Meschera National Park - zvakasikwa nhaka ane parera zvechokwadi.

Nizhnesvirsky hunhu kuchengeterwa pamusoro batana kukosha

National Parks St. Petersburg uye Leningrad nharaunda anozvikudza Nizhnesiverskim hunhu chengetedza. Riri munzvimbo Ladoga munharaunda wokumaodzanyemba, ndokwenguva nzvimbo 41 hectares, nyika 36 zviuru chete hectares, vamwe - .. Water nzvimbo kweLake Ladoga uye Delta rwizi Svir.

The sandara serakavakwa yepanyama kunzwisisa kwete yomumba, ayo runoratidza - vapfumi kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka.

Chaizvo zvakawanda waterfowl. Kunyanya yakakwirira wevasungwa munguva yechirimo uye mumatsutso nemwaka mazambiringa. Panguva ino, kana uri rombo, unogona kutarisa pamusoro mvura swans, mallards, Teal, vachena shiri. Uye ornithologists zvose pamusana 260 eshiri pano.

Kwete napaduku kwavari kusiyana uye "vagari" vaigara mhuka munyika - chete mhuka kune 44 rudzi: Stony, bheya, Beaver, yokuSpain, wolverine uye dzimwe mvura Lake Ladoga yagara yaigarwa vanonzi endemic mhando, kurarama bedzi mune imwe nzvimbo - chisimbiso Ladoga .. A Freshwater lamprey dzose, aizivikanwa vakawanda hove delicacy.

nejichidza chengetedza

National Parks St. Petersburg uye Leningrad nharaunda zvinogonawo kuzvirumbidza Lebyazhya Reserve. Ichi chimwe zvikuru kudzivirirwa dzinongoitika nharaunda. Reserve mamwe mamiriro remvura-nepakati penyika dzakawanda kukosha, riri pamwe yokumaodzanyemba muGulf of Finland muna Lomonosov muruwa.

Kuzivikanwa sezvo chiero kumahombekombe nzizi nemakomo kumaodzanyemba pamahombekombe bay. Nepo chavangayeukwa hakusi kukuru - 6400 Ha kuchengeterwa ane zvakatipoteredza ukoshi mukuru. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti chirimwa vakasiyana shiri nemhuka haana akaenzana Leningrad mudunhu. mhando 200 vaigaramo achitoita akanyorwa muna Red Book of Russian Federation.

The mavambo nzvimbo yaro (mhenderekedzo uye mvura shoma) uye akaratidza kubwinya kuchengeterwa, izvo zvinoratidzwa zita raro - the Swan. In chitubu uye kwematsutso pano anodirana zviuru shiri dzinotama kuti uremu vaitamira pamwe nemhenderekedzo. Gore negore pasi kupaka swans mhando dzakasiyana vakawanda 30 000 yeshiri.

A yakasiyana tsvene huripo ezvinhu akaoma zvikuru panguva iyoyo. Zvinenge zvose pamhenderekedzo inovakwa; nokusimbaradza kutumirwa uye kusvibiswa kwemvura kunotungamirira kurufu mhuka dzakadai kushoma sezvo iwo chisimbiso uye ndachena musoro chisimbiso.

National mumapaki of Leningrad nharaunda, uye kwete chete kuva rinokosha. Kuita zvose munhu - kuzvifusha uye tohuudzawo kuzvizvarwa ramangwana!