Detrital clastic matombo: tsananguro, marudzi uye kupatsanura

Terrigenous kuwanda muri matombo ayo aumba somugumisiro zvakapwanyika kubvongodzwa uye kuparadzira - zvokuimba particulate zvicherwa pakakuvara pane kuramba kuitwa mhepo, mvura, chando, gungwa mafungu. Nemamwe mashoko, manyowa zvibereko pre-yaivapo neeSultan gomo, izvo nokuda kuparadza inini zvemakemikari uye zvemaziso zvinhu, uye ipapo kamwe chete dziva, ikava padombo. Terigennye matombo pamusana 20% vose sedimentary accumulations pasi, nzvimbo riri siyana uye dzakasvikira 10 km vari kudzika pasi goko. Saka siyana dzinoita udzamu nzvimbo chinhu chinoita kuziva mamiriro avo.

Weathering sezvo danho achiumba clastic matombo

Wekutanga guru danho pakugadzirwa riri clastic matombo kuparadzwa. Saka pane sedimentary zvinhu, zvichiguma kutsemuka pasi fukura pamusoro magmatic matombo sedimentary uye metamorphic mavambo. makomo okutanga pasi zvokuimba simba, zvakadai cracking walnut, unorema. Inotevera makemikari muitiro (kuchinja), nokuda iyo mabwe kutamira dzimwe anoti.

The weathering kuti zvinhu vanoparadzaniswa pamusoro murwiyo uye kutama. Muchadenga kunosiya sarufa, aruminiyamu uye simbi - mune zvinogadzirisa uye colloids, calcium, yavaibvisa uye potassium - mune zvinogadzirisa, asi silica ndiyo husingakwanisi nemukuparadzwa, saka sezvo Goldstone anova mechanically kusvitsa masarasara uye ruchiyerera mvura.

Danho rokuumba chokufambisa mu clastic pamatombo

Danho rechipiri umo aumba clastic sedimentary pamatombo, ndiko kuti kuchinjwa kuumbwa kuburikidza weathering of chinjwa mhepo sedimentary zvinhu, mvura kana mazitombo echando. The chikuru transporter kuti inoramba iri mvura. Rokutora zuva simba, nemvura runopwa apo kutamira mumhepo, uye anowira mu mvura kana rakasimba chimiro zviende munyika, pova rwizi kuti vanotakura zvinhu zvakasiyana inoti (ichiputswa, colloidal kana yakasimba).

The nhamba uye kurema zvifambiswe zvimedu kunoenderana simba, velocity uye bhuku inotubuka. Saka kutsanya hova zvifambiswe jecha, mavhu, uye dzimwe nguva hurungudo, rwoga nyaya, uyewo, akatamisira nevhu inoramba. Mazitombo echando, nzizi gomo uye mudflow hombe zvifambiswe boulders, kukura inoramba yakadaro kunosvika 10 cm.

Sedimentogenesis - danho rechitatu

Sedimentogenesis - ndiko kuunganidza zvifambiswe sedimentary idzodzo, sezvamakaropafadzwa akatamisira nezvimedu zvakaitika kubva chinjwa ehurumende kuti kunofambira mberi. Panyaya iyi zvemakemikari uye zvokuimba Kusiyanisa kwenyaya. Somugumisiro, zvacho okutanga vakatsaurwa, akatamisira kupinda zvingaitwa kana colloids mudziva, zvichienderana vokutsiva achidzikisa oxidative zvakatipoteredza uye kuchinja salinity pakati mumudziyo. Somugumisiro, iye zvokuimba kuparadzana zvakapwanyika Kusiyanisa kunoitika kurema, uye kunyange ukuru uye nzira dzavo chokufambisa nokukurumidza. Saka Kutamiswa nezvimedu vari rakachengetedzwa noruvara yakajeka, maererano zoning yose pasi kwedziva. Saka, Somuenzaniso, boulders, hurungudo vari rakachengetedzwa kupinda miromo pegomo nzizi uye mezvikomo pamahombekombe anoramba mavhu, kumhenderekedzo - jecha (sezvazvakanyorwa ine upfu chikamu chiduku uye kukwanisa kufamba madaro marefu, uye vaitonga nzvimbo yakakura kupfuura hurungudo) kunosvika ichitevedzera silt yakanaka, ivhu kazhinji chiito.

Danho yechina inotungamirwa - diagenesis

Danho rwechina paumbwe clastic pamatombo danho rinonzi diagenesis, inova Kutendeuka vaunganidza kunayisa iri ibwe zvakaoma. Rakachengetedzwa pasi rwedziva zvinhu kare zvifambiswe, anoomesa kana kungoita dzikava pamatombo. Next, emadhaka kuunganidza zvakasikwa-siyana zvinoriumba izvo vanoumba mishonga uye dynamically kusagadzikana uye nonequilibrium pakukurukurirana, saka zvakamisa hurongwa vanotanga kuita mumwe nomumwe. Yakapwanyika nezvimedu yakadzikama nesilicon oxide dziri vaunganidza munyika sludge iyo zvinoenda feldspar, makemikari precipitates uye ivhu yakaisvonaka rinoumbwa zvinoderedza, izvo zvinozoita kuti munhu kudzika 2-3 cm anokwanisa kuchinja oxidative unosvikirwa penyika.

The mukunopera: kuti kwaita clastic mabwe

Nokuti diagenesis vanofanira katagenesis - mumwe mutoo umo mune aumbwa metamorphic matombo. Somugumisiro, kuwedzera sedimentation ibwe kaviri danho yezwi yakakwirira tembiricha uye kumanikidzwa. Long-rokuti migumisiro danho rakadaro tembiricha nedzvinyiriro kunobatsira kuti mberi uye chokupedzisira inotungamirwa matombo izvo agare kubva gumi makore bhiriyoni.

Panguva iyi, tembiricha mamiriro 200 Celsius redistribution zvicherwa uye vakawanda kuumbwa itsva chicherwa zvinhu. Saka clastic matombo, mienzaniso iri pakona rimwe nerimwe panyika.

carbonate matombo

The yakabatana clastic uye carbonate yamatombo? Mhinduro iri nyore. The Kuronga carbonate kazhinji zvinosanganisira clastic (fragmental nevhu) arrays. Basic carbonate zvicherwa zviri sedimentary mabwe dolomite uye calcite. Vanogona kunge oga kana pamwe chete, uye reshiyo wavo anogara zvakasiyana. Zvose zvinoenderana nguva uye nzira inotungamirwa carbonate sediments. Kana terrigene rukoko padombo mukuru 50%, haisi carbonate, uye anorondedzera kuti zvakadai clastic matombo sezvo silts, aggregates, grits kana sand, i.e. clastic arrays doped pamwe carbonates, nhamba iri kusvika 5%.

Kupatsanura pakati clastic matombo mwero roundness

Clastic matombo, kupatsanura kunobva zvakawanda unhu, kunorondedzerwa roundness, kukura uye cementation zvimedu. We kutange mwero rounding. Ine yakananga kuvimba pokuoma, PARTICIPLE Ukuru yezvakaita chokufambisa pakugadzirwa padombo. Somuenzaniso, zvacho vakatakura pamusoro mafungu mumakungwa, uye honed kushanda hapana unopinza micheto. Rora, waiva pakutanga waiva chifeve, atadze zvachose. Izvi rworudzi ibwe iri pakutsvaga samende nziyo, zvingava ivhu, hiakindi, glandular, carbonate.

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana clastic mabwe kupfuura masarasara

Uyewo clastic matombo takatsunga nokukura ngwanda. Zvichienderana zvavo saizi dzinoita vakakamurwa muzvikwata mana. Boka rokutanga rakavapa zvimedu, ane saizi mukuru 1 mm. matombo yakadaro inonzi guru-fragmental. Boka rechipiri rinosanganisira zvimedu, kukura riri zvinobva 1 mm kusvika 0.1 mm. Izvi jecha nematombo. Boka rechitatu zvinosanganisira zvimedu siyana kukura kubva 0.1 kusvika 0.01 mm. boka iri yainzi silty matombo. Wokupedzisira boka rechina rinotsanangura argillaceous matombo, marara PARTICIPLE saizi zvichisiyana 0.01 kusvika 0,001 mm.

Kupatsanura pakati clastic padombo mamiriro

Chimwe kupatsanura musiyano iri maumbirwo clastic layer izvo zvinobatsira kuona yezvakaita inotungamirwa padombo. Layered unaku inechirevo kuwedzera humwewo akaturikidzana paruware. Zvinosanganisira munhu pasi uye pamusoro. Zvichienderana mhando layering zvinogona pakutsvaga nharaunda umo dombo yakaumbwa. Somuenzaniso, kumahombekombe zvomumvura mamiriro vanoumba diagonal layering, gungwa uye gungwa dzinoumba erudzi pamwe yakafanana zvekufuga, mvura Rwako - muchinjikwa-zvekufuga.

Mamiriro ezvinhu pasi iyo aumba clastics, anogona kuona zvechadenga pamusoro layer i.e. nokuvapo ripple mavanga, madonhwe emvura adonhe, makatsemuka kana shrinkage Somuenzaniso, mabhii egungwa. The porous ibwe mamiriro kunoratidza kuti ngwanda aumba somugumisiro volcanogenic, terrigenous, biogenic kana supergene migumisiro. Wandisa mamiriro anogona pakutsvaga siyana mhando mavambo.

Kind padombo sezvamunoita

Clastic matombo rakakamurwa polymictic kana polymineral uye monomictic kana monomineral. Aimbova, akavapindurawo, akatsunga nokuda murwiyo zvicherwa akawanda, asi dzinonzi yakavhenganiswa. Second munhu anosarudza kuti Zvinoumba zvicherwa (Goldstone feldspar kana rudzi). By polymictic howa zvinosanganisira grauvaki (zvinosanganisira tudonhwe kuputika dota) uye arkose (nezvimedu inoumbwa kuparadzwa girenayiti). Zvinoumba clastic matombo rinotsanangurwa zvokukura inotungamirwa yavo. Maererano neimwe mudariro, achiumba mugove dzaro maererano zvinhu. Clastic sedimentary matombo kana akawana kukwanisa kuudza, panguva ipi, munzira dzipi pane zvinofamba nyaya muchadenga, sei vari anoparadzirwa pamusoro pasi dziva zvipenyu uye panguva ipi padanho kuti muchirongwa maumbirwo, uyewo mamiriro ezvinhu umo akaumbwa clastic matombo .