Vangani dzakavakwa Il-2 (1941 - 1945)

Kuwedzera T-34 tangi, otomatiki PCA, chiratidzo chokukunda uye zvinowanzodavirwa anoonekwa somunhu Il-2. Makore 1941-1945 vaiva nguva yokuedzwa simba Soviet wehurumende, vakaratidza titanic yaibvira wechipfuwo maindasitiri, iro akakwanisa nokukurumidza dhipuroya kupfuura hombe iri kugadzirwa munyika ndege zvechiuto. Munguva yehondo, "humpback" IL payakavakwa vanopfuura zviuru 36. Izvi "kuparadzirwa" nhoroondo haana kuziva kare. Not kurohwa chinyorwa ichi nhasi.

maviri Kurwisa ndege

Mukupera thirties mukuru pfungwa tsamwisa tactical rinoreva nyika dzose aiva chikamu mhepo. Hondo muSpain uye Khalkhin- akaratidza kuti pasina vatsigire ndege kuti akangokudenha zvakaoma, uye mhepo ukuru chendangariro kubudirira pasi. Munguva iyi, pane boka ndege, inonzi stormtroopers. The kupfuura akakurumbira wevamiriri vayo weboka Second World War yakatanga, vaviri mharidzo - German yeJudhiya-87 uye yedu IL-2. 1941 kwaiva kutanga kwavo hunobatsira kuenzanisa. Main Unhu nokuti zvijeke vanoonekwa mu Table.

Hazvina kunaka kutaura chokwadi kuti IL-2 yakagadzirirwa motokari Papera German (makore mashanu kuti avhiyesheni - yakareba). Kunze, "Junkers-87" raiva chaicho zvinobatsira kana kushandisa vanonyanya kuuraya nokubvumira anenge wehunyambiri svetuka uye akakwana aiming hurongwa.

Kunyange zvakadaro, vakawanda zviratidzi kurwiswa German muduku kuna Soviet IL-2. 1941 kwaiva musi kutanga vakawanda kugadzirwa. Zvakatanga muna February, isati hondo.

The pfungwa

In Mumatsutso 1939 akakurumbira mutyairi wendege VK Kokkinaki akasimudza mumhepo kuvanza "chigadzirwa" pasi chiratidzo CDB-55, muna yakamanikana madenderedzwa ari Soviet muchiuto uye zvekushandisa vepamusoro, aizivikanwawo SB-2. Yakanga chete zvikabva panguva chakagadziridzwa yachinja IL-2. Assault yakagadzirwa maererano ine echimurenga pfungwa kuti zvikamu hwemabasa fuselage, sezvo mbabvu uye longerons raishanda aparadza, uye simba mitoro vakafunga Hull ose panguva imwe chete kufukidza kubva kukuvadza zvinhu vashandi uye zviyero zvinokosha, kusanganisira injini mafuta unotonhorera uye tangi . Kwekutanga ndege dzakavakwa zvakasiyana: pamatanda ari transverse uye longitudinal Profiles akanga akatasva casing, dzimwe nguva warrior. SV Ilyushin kumubvunzo survivability kubatwa zvose pfungwa.

Achishandisa hondo vapone

The pangozi kupfuura pfungwa ndege - navaivanda hemisphere. "View muswe" iri raishanda anosimbiswa kuhwina zvemuchadenga kukunda. Shooter kudzora mapazi ichi ngozi, chipo pamusoro Ndege zvose, kusanganisira pana S-87. Il-2 ndege akasiyana analogues munyika kunobva mushanduro zviviri: kuroorwa uye kaviri (asi zvishoma pashure pamusoro). Mafuta Matangi vane akasiyana design, izvo anobvumira kurerutsa Nokurasikirwa peturu pakuparwa lumbago. Special fuma anoomesa pachena mhepo, "kurapa" maronda akagamuchira muhondo.

Bara mutyairi wendege rambi akadzivirira uyewo simbi kabhini. Izvi uye zvimwe magadzirirwo unyanzvi vakanga zvokuti Soviet kurwisa ndege vakadzokera kwavaiwanzogara, kunyange pashure kugamuchira makomba mazana mashanu.

chikuru mikana

shanduro All kunge yakatanga matanhatu, asi chikuru maviri kukodzera tsananguro inokosha. Ilyushin pakutanga aronga kurwiswa kaviri chete murwi-redhiyo opareta, anodzivirira rwemberi hemisphere. Zvisinei, chikuru asi dzidziso muchiuto, anotora mhedziso ukuru mumhepo pashure pokushandisa pakarepo knockdown uye kuchinjwa rwisana kuvhiyiwa kunharaunda muvengi, chakaita hutungamiri munyika kuvaka nyore muchina. Akaudzwa General Designer vakarayirwa kuti "kubvisa basa". The fallacy chisarudzo ichi (uye vamwe vazhinji) nokukurumidza kwakaratidza vakatanga hondo. IL-2, kunyimwa unodzivirira, vachiva nyore kuti "Messers". Hurongwa necheseri airfields vakatanga yakazvimirira shandurudzo ndege, achicheka pamusoro makomba yakanamirwa pamifananidzo nokuda matendere museve. Utungamiri Stalin Zvisinei, haagoni mhosva benzi uporstvovanii. Double zano akapiwa zvakare "chiedza munyoro", kunyange, zvinosuruvarisa kuti shooter zvakasara vanotambura.

"Munun'una" pamusoro IL-10

Chokwadi, ndege iyi kunozivikanwa aimiririra Paaidzidzisa aviakonstruktorskoy akafunga, asi kunyanya tactical kushandisa panguva yakaderera kukwira kumusoro azvipire kurasikirwa kunokonzerwa Il-2. Makore 1941-1945 akaumba zvinonakisa nhamba, maererano iyo "Il'yushin" avhareji anenge 53 sorties anoitwa kusvikira kana kumanikidzwa pasi. Panguva yokupedzisira pavaipfuura hondo akanga agadzirira nani ndege shanduro hondo umo kugadzirwa pokuperevedza ari kumumvuri dzakakurukurwa: yekudyidzana hwakavandudzika aerodynamics (chassis retracted kupinda bapiro, asi kwete zvikurukuru nacelle, mafuta kutonhora chakavanzika "underbelly" iri fuselage) makachengeteka warrior mberi museve-redhiyo opareta and unto.

nadzurudzo iyi vaakagamuchira IL-10 rokuti, uye kunyange aiva nguva yokuita zvimwe kurwa muna Second World War uye Korea, asi kwete kwenguva refu. Zvakatanga nenguva jeti aimhanya ...