Vatengesi veFenikiya. Zvipi zvavaitengesa vaFenikiya

Nyika yekare yeFenikiya yakanga iri munharaunda yeRebhanoni yemazuva ano. Pasinei nechokure zvikuru kubva kunyika dzakawanda, vatengesi veFenikiya vaizivikanwa kunyange kumativi ekumaodzanyemba. Izvi zvakava kuvonga kubudirira kubudikidza nekutengeserana kushingaira, izvo zvavakaita kwete chete pamhenderekedzo yeGungwa reMediterranean, asiwo nechepfuura kumiganhu yayo. Vafengi veFenikiya vaitengesa kune dzimwe nyika, vakazokwanisa sei kufamba marefu marefu? Verenga zvakawanda pamusoro peizvi nezvimwe.

Nzvimbo yenzvimbo yePhenicia, economics uye mhizha

Munenge maguta ese makuru ePhenicia akaiswa pahombekombe yeGungwa reMediterranean. Izvi zvakabvumira vatengesi kuti vaitengese pasina chivhiringidzo nematunhu mazhinji, ayo aivewo ari pedyo negungwa. Mukuwedzera, migwagwa yakawanda yakawanda yemakaravhani yakapfuura nomunharaunda yePhenicia.

Nzvimbo yehurumende iyi pamapu enyika haisi nyore kubva pakuona kwekuvandudzwa kwehupfumi hwehupfumi. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nokushaikwa kwezazara-nzizi-nzizi uye ivhu rakaorera, semugumisiro wekurima kwekurima kunosimbiswa chete mumuganhu wekurima uye viticulture. Inowanzosimwa mazambiringa nemaorivhi. Uyewo vanhu vomunharaunda yacho vaibata hove. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, vaFenikiya vakagadzira maturakiti emapuranga, aiva nemisidhari nemouki. Nhumbi iyo vatengesi veFenikiya vanotengesa munguva dzavo dzekufamba zvakananga zvakananga nemishonga yakagadzirwa muhurumende. Mari yakawanda yavakagamuchira kubva kutengeswa kwamafuta eorivhi newaini, matanda emisidhari nemouki nezvimwe zvakawanda.

Zvikepe zvevaFenike zvevatengesi: vaitengesa vatengesi veFenikiya

Pazvikepe zvePhenicia zvinofanira kutaurwa zvakasiyana. Vashambadziri vehurumende iyi kwenguva yekutanga vakatanga kubudisa midziyo isina nechepasi pasi, asi neheel, iyo yakavabvumira kukura nekukurumidza. Midziyo yevatengesi veFenikiya yakasvika mamita makumi matatu pakureba. Yakavakwa kunyanya kubva kuRebhanese cedar. Muhurefu hwose hwechikepe pamativi maviri maiva nemabhenji nevarwi. Zvinotengeswa nevatengesi veFenikiya vakanga vari muchibato kana pamatanda. Kusarudzwa kwedzimwe nzvimbo yekutakura kwakatenderera pane zvainge zvichishungurudza uye zvakakosha zvinhu zvacho zvaive.

Pakutanga, Phenicia yaiva neukama hwemabhizimisi chete nevakakidzani vomunharaunda yavo: Ijipiti, Greece neKupro. Zvisinei, nekuda kwekusimudzirwa kwekuvaka zvikepe, akakwanisa kuwedzera zvakanyanya nzvimbo yake yekuvapo. Vatengesi veFenike vaizivikanwa kunyange muWestern neEastern Europe.

Phoenician Products

Saka, ngatitangei kumubvunzo mukuru: chii chakatengeswa nevatengesi veFenikiya, chii chakanga chaitwa nemashamba akaita kuti vaonekwe? Vashandi vePhenicia vakanyanyisa mukugadzirwa kwehuni nemapfupa. Figurines uye zvishongo zvakaitwa nezvinhu izvi, zvakagadzirwa navo, zvakakosha zvikuru munyika dzakawanda. Zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti vatengesi veFenikiya vakanga vachitengesa midziyo yegirasi uye mabhedi nokuti yaiva munyika ino iyo yakanyatsogadzira kugadzirwa kwemarudzi akasiyana-siyana: zvakajeka, matte uye kunyange mavara. Pakukosha kwakange kune mabhodhoro ezvinonhuwira, zvishongo zvegoridhe nesirivha.

Uyewo, vaFenikiya vakadzidza kubvisa davi yepepuru kubva ku shellfish, iyo yaishandiswa kugovera ruvara rwakasimba uye rwakatsvuka kumatumbu. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti zvinhu zvakasvibiswa nenzira iyi hazvina kuteurwa panguva yekugeza. Chizhinji chechigadzirwa chacho chaiva mafuta omuorivhi, akadirwa pamusoro peamphorae, pamwe nemiti yemizambiringa. Kwete yakaipa mari yevatengesi veFenikiya vaiuya uye vachidzoka zvakare. Kazhinji kacho munyika dzeEurope, vaitengesa kamba yeEgipita neKupro mhangura.

Imwe mhedzisiro yemari yevatengesi veFenike

Pasinei nokubudirira kwekutengeserana kwemaindasitiri munyika yose yeMediterranean uye nzvimbo dzakapoteredza, vaFenikiya vakanga vasinganono kupamba zvikepe zveimwe dzimwe nyika. Kazhinji zvakaitika kuti vatengesi vakagara mune imwe nzvimbo mhenderekedzo pamahombekombe uye vakaipamba.

Inonyatsozivikanwa kuti vatengesi veFenikiya nevaranda vakatengesa panguva dzakadaro vaitengesa. Nokudaro, kutengeswa kwevaranda kwakaita kuti vawane mari yakawedzerwa yakawanda, iyo inoda zvachose kubhadhara mari.