Nhoroondo yechitarisiko chemari

Isu tose tinoshandiswa pakufunga kuti mari chinhu chisingawaniki muhupenyu hwevanhu vose, kuti zvose zviri munyika zvine mutengo, uye kuti uwane chimwe chinhu, unofanira kutanga uine kukosha kwe "chimwe chinhu" mumari yakaenzana. Asi haasi mumwe nomumwe wedu anofunga nezvenyaya iyo nyaya yekuonekwa kwemari, shure kwezvose, kwete pakarepo vanhu vakauya nemukana wakadaro wekuwana izvo zvinodiwa.

Nhoroondo yekare yekuonekwa kwemari

Kusvikira kuwanikwa kwemari pakati penyika dzakawanda dzaivepo panguva iyoyo, kubhaira kwakashandiswa kubudirira (pamwe chete zvinobatsira - "iwe kwandiri, ini kwauri"), asi nekufamba kwenguva vanhu vakatanga kunzwisisa kuti zvinhu zvakasiyana zvakasiyana zvakasiyana, somuenzaniso, kuchinja jug yechingwa Kunyanya kusabatsiri. Uye zvakanga zvisiri nyore, somuenzaniso, kuti mukaka wemukaka uchinjana mukaka wake wehove, nokuti mubati wehove akanga asina hanya nezvekaka, aida chingwa, uye mubiki, zvakare, aida gorosi. Uye saka apo nyuchi dzichifamba-famba ichi chitenderedzwa chose, haaida kunyange hove.

Zvadaro, zvishoma nezvishoma munyika dzakasiyana dzakatanga kupinda mune zvimwe zvinhu semari. Somuenzaniso, vazhinji vemadzinza eIndia vakashandisa maparera kana masheya, vamwe vanhu - zvipfuyo zvemhuka, huto kana mombe, uye gare gare, munguva yeHurumende yeRussia, mari yacho yaifungidzirwa kuva zvipfigiso zvemunyu, somuenzaniso, muEthiopia. Mahombekombe aKauri aivewo akagamuchirwa mari mune dzimwe nyika: muAfrica, Thailand, India. Uye mushure mokunge izvi zvose, vanhu vakatanga kuunza simbi semari. Nokudaro yakatanga nhoroondo yemazuva ano yekuonekwa kwemari.

Nzira yekuvandudza mari

Chokutanga, munyika dzakawanda, bullions yemhangura, sirivha nedzimwe nhumbi dzakasiyana-siyana dzakashandiswa semari yemari. Ndarama inoshandiswa chete mune zvishoma zvishomanana (Libya, Pakistan), nedzimwe nyika dzakazivisa mutemo wegoridhe sechigadzirwa chemari, dzakagadziridza kubva kune zvigadzirwa zvemhangura, ndarama nesirivha, asi pakutanga kuona zvakanga zvakaoma kusiyanisa kubva kune ndarama chaiyo, Nokuti mhangura yakapa ruvara rwechinyakare. Saka, tinogona kutaura kuti nyika idzi dzakabatanidzwa mukunyengera kwechigadzirwa.

Zvino, ikozvino muzana remakore rechinomwe BC, yakatanga kupinda mari kubva kumatare. Saizvozvowo, kukosha kukuru kwavo kwaiva nemari yegoridhe, yakateverwa nesirivha, nemhangura - iyo yakawanda uye yakashandiswa zvikuru. Vakadana iwo mitemo nemasitori. Izvo zvakanga zvakafanana pakuonekwa kune nyeredzi.

Ruble yakabva kupi?

Shandisa mari mari munhoroondo yeRussia yakazoonekwa pashure payo - pakupera kwezana remakore rechipfumbamwe. Sirivha mipira yakatanga kudonhedzwa muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvakaenzana zvakaenzana. Saka pane zita-ruble.

Mhemberero yekutanga mapepa emari yakaonekwa sei

MuChinese, mari yakanga yakasarudzwa zvikuru - yakapoteredza uye yakatetepa mari nekona yakareba pakati. Zvaive zvakakodzera kuti zvive nyore - vakanamatira pamucheka uye vakaturika pamutsipa. Asi nekufamba kwenguva vanhu vakaziva kuti izvo zvinonzi "mhete" - mutoro wakaremara, ndokutanga kutora mari pamusoro pekugamuchira - chibvumirano chakanyorwa chingaita chero nguva kuti vadzose uye vashandise. Saizvozvowo, nokufamba kwenguva, vateresi nemabhangi vave chinhu chinowanzozivikanwa, uye mapeti ave akazivikanwa uye anowanzoshandiswa pakati pevanhu. Saka muna 910, China yakagadzira yekutanga mapepa emari. Iyo bark yemuti wemibharishi yakashanda sechikonzero chepepa.

MuRussia, nyaya yekuonekwa kwemari kubva pamapepa yakatanga muna 1769, apo Catherine II akaunza pfungwa iyi kunyika. Asi kukurudzirwa kwemapepanhau munyika yedu kwakagamuchira kukurumidza kukura.

Iye zvino zvinowedzera gore negore zviri kushandiswa kunze kwekushandiswa kwemari yenguva dzose (makopecks anenge asisina kushandiswa chero kupi zvako, uye kana akazviita, ane gumi chete), anotsiviwa nemapepa emari (kwete kare kare akaunza bhadha rine chiso chinosvika zviuru zvishanu rubles).