Vakuru vakuru vanozivikanwa muRussia

Penguva yose yekuvapo kwevanhu, hondo dzakawanda dzakaitika, izvo zvakashandura chiitiko chenhoroondo. Vakawanda vavo vakanga vari munharaunda yenyika yedu. Kubudirira kwehupi hupi hutsinye hwakanga hwakavimbika zvakakwana pane zvakaitika uye unyanzvi hwevakuru vehondo. Ndivanaani, vakuru vakuru nevatungamiriri vehondo veRussia, vakaunza nyika yavo mukukunda muhondo dzakaoma? Tinokupaii makanyanyisa zvikuru vatungamiriri veuto vehondo, kubva panguva dzeHurumende yekare yeRussia uye kuguma neGreat Patriotic War.

Svyatoslav Igorevich

Vatungamiriri vakakurumbira veRussia havasi ivo venguva yedu chete. Vakanga vari munguva yekuvapo kweRussia. Mutungamiri mukuru kwazvo wevanyori venhoroondo iyoyo anodana Kiev prince Svyatoslav. Akakwira pachigaro muna 945, pakarepo mushure mekufa kwababa vake Igor. Sezvo Svyatoslav yakanga isati yava munhu mukuru kuti atonge nyika (aingova nemakore matatu chete panguva yekutsvaga), amai vake Olga vakava regent. Uyu mukadzi ane simba aifanira kutungamira nyika yekare yeRussia uye mushure mokunge mwanakomana wake akura. Chikonzero chacho chakanga chiri chekusingaperi kwemasoja ake, nekuda kwekuti haana kumboshanyira Kiev.

Svyatoslav iye pachake akatanga kutonga nyika yake chete muna 964, asi kunyange mushure mokudaro haana kumisa mapoka ake ane utsinye. Muna 965, akabudirira pakuparadza Khazar Khaganate uye kuwedzera nzvimbo dzakakundwa kusvika kuAkare Rus. Svyatoslav akaita mutambo wemishandirapamwe kuBulgaria (968-969), kutorazve guta rake. Akamira chete pashure pokunge atora Pereyaslavets. Mune guta iri reBulgaria, muchinda akaronga kuendesa guta guru reRussia nekuwedzera zvinhu zvake kuenda kuDanube, asi nekuda kwekuparadza kunyika dzeKiek yePechenegs aifanira kudzokera kumba neuto. Muna 970-971 mauto eRussia akatungamirirwa neSvyatoslav akarwira nyika yeBulgaria neByzantium iyo yakavaudza. Mutungamiriri akanga asingagoni kukunda muvengi ane simba. Mugumisiro wehondo iyi yaiva kugumisa pakati peRussia neByzantium yezvibvumirano zvehondo zvekutengeserana. Hazvizivikanwi kuti vangakunda sei mishandirapamwe Svyatoslav Igorevich vakakwanisa kubata, kana muna 972 iye haana kufa muhondo nePechenegs.

Alexander Nevsky

Vatungamiri vakakurumbira veRussia vangavewo munguva yekusawirirana kwevanhu veRussia. Kune vezvematongerwe enyika vakadaro vanofanira kunzi vaAlexander Nevsky. Sezvo muchinda weNovgorod, Vladimir neKiev, akaburuka munhoroondo sechenda wemauto ane tarenda uyo akatungamirira vanhu mukurwisana neveSweden nemaJermany vanozviti kumadokero kumativi eRussia. Muna 1240, pasinei nekukunda kwemauto emuvengi, akawana kukunda kunoshamisa paNeva, achikuvadza hondo yeSweden. Muna 1242, akakunda maGermany paLake Peipsi. Zvakakosha zvaAlexander Nevsky kwete mukukunda kwehondo chete, asiwo muhutano hwezvematongerwo enyika. Nokukurukurirana nevatongi veHorld Horde, akabudirira mukuwana rusununguko rweuto reRussia kubva mukubatanidzwa muhondo dzakarongedzwa nevaTatar Khans. Mushure mekufa, Nevsky aigona kugoneswa neChechi yeOrthodox. Inofungidzirwa sevatsvene vemauto veRussia.

Dmitry Donskoy

Kuramba uchitaura pamusoro pavanaani vatongi vakakurumbira veRussia, unofanirwa kuyeuka nezvezvakaitika Dmitry Donskoy. Prince Moscow naVladimir vakaburukira munhoroondo semurume uyo akatanga sarudzo yenyika dzeRussia kubva pajoko reTatar-Mongol. Chibvumirano chekutsungirira kusagadzikana kweMutongi weHorld Horde Mamai, Donskoy neuto rakauya kuzorwa naye. Hondo yakakosha yakaitika paKukokovo Field munaSeptember 1380. Masoja eDmitry Donskoy akanga ari maviri pasi pesimba nesimba rehondo yevavengi. Pasinei nezvisina simba, mutungamiriri mukuru akakwanisa kupwanya muvengi, anenge achiparadza zvachose regiments yake yakawanda. Kukundwa kwemauto Mamaia hakungokurumidzira nguva yekusunungurwa kwenyika dzeRussia kubva kuHorld Horde kuvimba, asiwo zvakabatsira pakusimbiswa kwekutanga kweMoscow. Kufanana neNevsky, Donskoy mushure mekufa kwake kwakanyatsoratidzwa neChechi yeOrthodox.

Mikhail Golitsyn

Vatungamiri vakakurumbira vokuRussia vakararama panguva yaMambo Peter I. Mumwe wevatongi vakakurumbira munguva ino ndiye Prince Michael Golitsyn, anozivikanwa mumakore makumi maviri nemashanu ekuNorthern War nevaSweden. Akasimuka panzvimbo yevakuru-munda marshal. Yakakurumbira panguva yakatorwa muna 1702 nemauto eRussia eimba yeSweden yeRotiburg. Akanga ari mutungamiri weVarindi panguva yeHondo yePoltava muna 1709, zvichienderana nezvo vaSweden vakatambura kukundwa kukuru. Mushure mekurwa, pamwe naA A. Menshikov, akatevera simba rekudzoka remuvengi ndokuvakamanikidza kuti vateke maoko avo.

Muna 1714 uto reRussia pasi pemurairo weGolitsyn rakarova paSweden infantry pedyo nemusha weFinnland weLappola (Napo). Uku kukunda kwaive kwakakosha zvikuru munguva yeNorthern War. VaSweden vakadzingwa vachibva kuFinland, uye Russia yakabata bridgehead kuti iwedzere kushungurudzika. Mukurumbira weGolitsyn uye mugungwa hondo muchitsuwa cheGrengame (1720), iyo inoisa kuguma kweHondo yeNyika Yakapera uye ine ropa. Achiraira ngarava dzeRussia, akamanikidza vaSweden kudzoka. Mushure meizvozvo, simba reRussia rakagadzwa paGungwa reBaltic .

Fedor Ushakov

Kwete chete vatungamiriri vakakurumbira veRussia vakakudza nyika yavo. Flotovodtsy haana kuita zvakanyanya kupfuura vatungamiri venyika. Izvozvo zvakanga zvakaita Admiral Fyodor Ushakov, uyo nokuda kwekukunda kukuru kweChechi yeOrthodox yakarongerwa sevatsvene. Akatora chikamu muRussia-Turkish War (1787-1791). Akakwira mugungwa hondo pedyo neFidonisi, Tendra, Kaliakria, Kerch, akatungamirira kunaya kwechitsuwa cheCorfu. Muna 1790-1792 akarayira Black Sea Fleet. Panguva yehondo yake Ushakov akapedza hondo 43. Hapana chimwe chazvo chaakakunda. Mukurwisana akakwanisa kuchengeta zvikepe zvose zvakapiwa kwaari.

Alexander Suvorov

Nyika yose yakave yakakurumbira kune vamwe vatungamiriri veRussia. Suvorov mumwe wavo. Kuva mutungamiri wemasvingo emasvingo nemasvingo, uyewo ruzivo rwemauto ose ehondo akange ari muRussia, akasasiya chiratidzo chinokosha munhoroondo yenyika yake. Akazviratidza semutungamiriri ane tarenda muhondo mbiri dzeRussia-Turkish, Italy uye Swiss campaigns. Akarayira muna 1787 Kinburn hondo, muna 1789 - hondo pasi pe Focsani neRymnik. Akatungamirira kurwisa kwaIsmael (1790) uye Prague (1794). Panguva yebasa rake rechiuto akakunda hondo dzinopfuura 60 uye haana kurasikirwa mune imwe hondo. Pamwe chete neuto reRussia rakapfuura kuBerlin, Warsaw neAlps. Akasiya shure kwake bhuku rinonzi Science to Win, paakaisa mazano ehondo yakabudirira.

Mikhail Kutuzov

Kana iwe ukabvunza pamusoro pavanaani vatungamiriri vakakurumbira veRussia, vanhu vazhinji vanobva vayeuka Kutuzov. Uye izvi hazvishamisi, nokuti nokuda kwekukosha kwemurume uyu kwakapiwa Mutemo weSt. George - mupiro wepamusoro wehondo weRussia Empire. Wakave nekwenzvimbo ye-general-field marshal. Anenge hupenyu hwose hwekutuzov waiva muhondo. Iye igamba rehondo mbiri dzeRussia-Turkish. Muna 1774, muhondo yeAlushta, yakakuvadzwa mutembere, sechikonzero chekuti akarasikirwa neziso rake rokurudyi. Mushure mekurapa kwenguva yakareba akagadzwa kumusana wegavhuna mukuru weCrimean peninsula. Muna 1788, Mr .. akagamuchira ronda rechipiri rakakomba mumusoro. Muna 1790, Mr .. kubudirira akatungamirira kurwisa kwaIzmail, kwaakazviratidza semutungamiriri asingatyi. Muna 1805 akaenda kuAustria kunorwisa mauto aipikisa Napoleon. Mugore rimwe chete iye akabata muhondo yeAusterlitz.

Muna 1812, Kutuzov akasarudzwa mutungamiri-mukuru-mukuru wemauto eRussia muPatriotic War neNapoleon. Akaita hondo huru yeBorodino, mushure mekunge akamanikidzwa kuita sarudzo pamusoro pekudzoka kweuto reRussia kubva kuMoscow kumatare euto akaitirwa muFili. Somugumisiro we counteroffensive, mauto anotungamirirwa nekutuzov akakwanisa kutyaira muvengi kubva munharaunda yavo. Ichifunga kuti chakasimba kupfuura dzimwe dzose muEurope, hondo yeFrance yakatambura kurasikirwa kukuru kwevanhu.

Kutuzov's talenta yehondo yakapa nyika yedu nekutonga kweNapoleon, uye iye pachake akaunza mukurumbira wenyika. Kunyange zvazvo mutungamiriri wacho asina kutsigira pfungwa yekutambudzwa kweFrance muEurope, akagadzwa mutungamiriri-mukuru wemabatanidzwa akabatana eRussia nePrussia. Asi chirwere chacho hachina kubvumira Kutuzov kuti ape imwe hondo: munaApril 1813 iye, asvika mauto pamberi pePrussia, akabata chando ndokufa.

Vatungamiriri muhondo vanopesana neFascist Germany

Hondo Yenyika Yakakura yakazarura mazita evateteti vane mauto eSoviet kunyika. Vatungamiri vakakurumbira veRussia vakashanda nesimba kwazvo kukunda Hitlerite Germany uye kuparadza fascism munyika dzeEurope. Vatungamiri vane ushingi vemiganhu yenharaunda yeU.SR vaiva mazhinji. Kuonga huri hwavo uye hutsinye, vakakwanisa kunyatsopesana nevadzidzisi vakanyatsodzidziswa uye vane zvombo zvemazuva ano zvekuGermany vanoparadza. Tinopa kuti tizive vatungamiriri vakuru vaviri-I. Konev naG. Zhukov.

Ivan Konev

Mumwe weavo nyika yedu inokweretwa kukunda yakanga yakaita marshal uye kaviri Hero yeSoviet Union Ivan Konev. Mutungamiriri weSoviet akatanga kupinda muhondo semukuru we19th Army weNorth Caucasus District. Munguva yeHondo yeSmolensk (1941), Konev akakwanisa kudzivisa kutapwa uye kubviswa kubva kune vomuvengi wekutungamirirwa kweuto uye nehurumende yekubatana. Mushure mezvo, mutungamiri mukuru akarayira kuMadokero, North-Western, Kalinin, Steppe, First and Second border Ukrainian. Vakabatanidzwa mukurwisana kweMoscow, vakatungamirira maitiro eKalinin (kudzivirira nekugumbura). Muna 1942, Konev akatungamira (pamwe naZhukov) yekutanga uye yechipiri Rzhev-Sychev, uye munguva yechando ra1943 - basa reZhizdrin.

Nokuda kwehukuru hwemasimba emuvengi, vazhinji vehondo dzaitungamirirwa nevakuru kusvikira pakati pa1943 dzisina kubudirira muSoviet Army. Asi mamiriro acho akachinja zvakashata pashure pokukundwa muvengi muHondo yeKursk Bulge (July-August 1943). Pashure pacho, mauto ari pasi pekutungamirirwa kweKonev akaita mabasa akawanda anonyangadza (Poltava-Kremenchug, Pyatikhatsky, Znamenskaya, Kirovograd, Lviv-Sandomir), izvo zvakaguma pakunatsa nzvimbo zhinji yeUkraine kuvaNazi. MunaJanuary 1945, Ikutanga Ukrainian Front pasi pemurairo waKonev, pamwe nevashamwari vake, yakatanga basa reVistula-Oder, rakasunungurwa Krakow uye musasa wevasungwa weAuschwitz kubva kune fascists . Muchirimo cha1945 mauto ehurumende yakaenda kuBerlin, uye iye pachake akapinda muchirwere chake.

Georgy Zhukov

Mukuru mukuru, Hero kane weU.SR, muridzi wemisha yakawanda yepamba uye yekune dzimwe nyika, Georgy Zhukov akanga ari munhu anonyanya kukanganisa. Muhuduku hwake akabatanidzwa muHondo Yenyika Yokutanga uye Hondo Yenyika, Hondo yeKhalkhin-Gol. Panguva yekutonga kwaHitler kwenharaunda yeSoviet Union, Zhukov akasarudzwa hutungamiri wenyika panzvimbo yeVaPurezidenti veKumisheni yeZviviri uye Mutungamiriri weZvashandi.

Munguva yeGreat Great Patriotic He akatungamirira mauto eLeningrad, Reserve uye First Belarusian Fronts. Vakapinda muhondo yeMoscow, Stalingrad nehondo yeKursk. Muna 1943 Zhukov, pamwe nevamwe vatungamiriri veSoviet, vakaita basa rekudzivirirwa kweLeningrad. Yakarongedza mabasa muZhytomyr-Berdichevskaya uye Proskurovo-Chernivtsi maitiro, zvichienderana nei chikamu chenyika dzeUukraine chakasunungurwa kubva kuGermany.

Muzhizha ra1944 akatungamira hurukuro yehondo yakawanda munhoroondo yehupenyu hwevanhu, Bagration, panguva iyo iyo Byelorussia, chikamu cheBaltic neEastern Poland chakasunungurwa nevaHitlerites. Mukutanga kwa1945, pamwe chete naKonev vakakurudzira zviito zveSoviet mauto mukusunungurwa kweWarsaw. Muchirimo cha1945, akabatanidzwa mukubatwa kweBerlin. MuMoscow musi waJune 24, 1945, Victory Parade yakaitwa, yakatarwa kukundwa kweFascist Germany nemauto eSoviet. Kuigamuchira kwakapiwa Marshal Georgy Zhukov.

Mhinduro

Mune rimwe bhuku hazvibviri kunyora vatungamiri vakuru venyika yedu. Flotovodtsy nevatungamiriri veRussia kubva kuRusvingo rwekare kusvika kumazuva edu vakaita basa rinokosha munhoroondo yepasi rose, vachikudza kukudzwa kwemauto ehurumende, hushingi uye ushingi hwakapiwa simba ravo rehondo.