Yakazara mafuta - zvakanaka uye kukuvadza

The rakabudiswa date wekupedzisira makumi matatu anoratidza kuti yakazara mafuta ndivo chikonzero chikuru zvemwoyo chirwere. Asi nhasi, masayendisiti kwakaratidza kuti ichi hachisi chokwadi. Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti vanhu vaduku hadzishandi haabatanidzi mafuta kubva zvaunodya. Kana pamusoro pezvatinotaura vakwegura, kurambidzwa kubvuma yavo vachiri nesayenzi kushanda.

Mamwe masayendisiti anodavira kuti zvine mafuta vane ukama kunyatsoomerera genetics evanhu vanobatanidzwa metabolic urongwa, muri STRUCTURAL zvinoumba zvoutachiona membranes, etc. Vashandi paUniversity of Cardiff akaratidza kuti mafuta mukaka kunoderedza ngozi chemwoyo uye tsinga. Naizvozvo, vanachiremba vari zano kuti vachiri kushandisa mukaka yose, kwete skim. Kushandiswa chigadzirwa ichi nevana uye vechidiki vaite zvakawanda zvakaipa pane zvakanaka. In zvokudya zvinokosha kuti tizvidzore uwandu "zvakaipa" mhiri-mafuta, shuga uye munyu.

Nhasi tinoziva kuti zvine mafuta regai kukonzera kufuta. Kazhinji, izvi imhaka kuti chinokosha uwandu carbohydrate rinodyiwa. Kushandiswa risingamboshandisi yakawanda mafuta kunokonzera kugadzira zvirwere zvakawanda. Zvikurukuru, ichi hwakabatana mafuta-soluble mavhitaminzi A, D, E, K, F. zvinhu izvi haugoni nyura nomuviri pasina lipids zvakakwana. Somugumisiro, pane hypo- uye avitaminosis. Hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti zvose steroid hormone bile acids hwokurara lipids. Mafuta - zvakaisvonaka insulating zvinhu, chinokosha tsime simba, mvura uye endogenous substrate nokuda kwetunhu zvinoverengeka bioactive yeimwe kuti muviri.

Uye vachiri vanofanira kufunga chii vari kwemafuta. Chemistry kwemafuta (lipids)

Vose vari mapoka mapoka matatu guru: nyore, kunzwisisa uye nomukaka. Boka rokutanga ndivo avo ine glycerol (trihydric doro) uye yakakwirira mafuta acids. boka iri rinosanganisira triacylglycerols, sterols uye waxes. The Morekuru rine glycerol lipid yakaoma, yepamusoro mafuta acids, phosphate uye sulfate acids, nitrogenous zvinhu, makabhohaidhiretsi uye nezvimwe yeimwe zhinji. The nomukaka zvinosanganisira carotene lipids, mafuta acids, yepamusoro alcohols, vamwe mafuta-soluble mavhitamini , etc.

Panyaya dzakakwirira mafuta acids ari mafuta, vari kunyanya kumiririrwa acyclic zvakakangwa uye unsaturated mafuta acids. The Zvinoumba mamwe mafuta vari cyclic carboxylic acids, uye hydroxyacids. Zvine mafuta ane yakakwirira kwevari palmitic, stearic, myristic acid. Zvinongova nomusoro kuti vamwe unsaturated mafuta acids vasiri kubudiswa mumuviri kana vari synthesized mune kukwana, risingamboshandisi mari. Panyaya iyi, dzinonzi pamwe zvinokosha kana chinokosha. To boka iri ndezvaJehovha arachidonic, linoleic, linolenic acid. Essential mafuta acids yakakwana mari muriwo anonhuwirira. The mafuta mukaka ine yakawanda pamusoro arachidonic acid. Monounsaturated mafuta ane guru uwandu oleic acid.

Muvanhu, zvine mafuta (triacylglycerides) anoshandiswa sezvo simba zvinhu. Hunosanganisira dzemhuka mavambo, uyewo hwakasimba miriwo. Triacylglycerols akawanda nyama zvibereko mafuta nyama nezvinogadzirwa nomukaka, chocolate uye confectionery zvigadzirwa. Kunwisa kunwa kwemafuta izvi zvinogona kukonzera nokuwedzera wevasungwa kuti remafuta akawandisa mumuviri. Vanonzi "pathological" remafuta akawandisa rakachengetedzwa pamasvingo midziyo ropa, izvo, hunokonzera kukura kwezvirwere zvakadai atherosclerosis, vascular elasticity raputsika, vari kuumbwa ropa.

Nezvezvokudya vanokurudzira kudya shoma zvine mafuta. Chinonyanya kukuvadza muviri vanoonekwa kuti mhiri-kwemafuta. isomers vakadaro kuumbwa nokuda chiito mumuviri uye kwemakemikari zvikonzero pamusoro miriwo mafuta, iyo kushandura muviri wavo wakadini kubva mvura kusvika hwakasimba. Kune vaya zvinosanganisira margarine uye confectionery okubikisa. Vanogona kubereka carcinogenic kushanda.