Zvokukura Human Evolution

Human shanduka ane vanhu nguva dzose vanofarira. Vave vachipoterera vemakumi kana kunyange mazana emakore vachidzidza dzidziso kwakabva upenyu Panyika. Zvekungofungira nezvazvo chaizvo. Chinonyanya dzakakurumbira shanduro ndiye zvinonyatsorondedzera mavambo kwevanhu kubva netsoko zvokukura shanduka kwevanhu.

Asi kwaiva mbiri dzinokosha maonero kare panyaya iyi. Chokutanga dzidziso unonzi abiogenesis. Iye anoti pane mukana kurarama kubva nonliving nyaya. Chimwe pfungwa zvinoreva kuti hazvibviri yakazvimirira kwakabva upenyu. Kune dzimwe nzira: somuenzaniso, zvakasikwa upenyu naMwari Panyika. Ngatikurukurei zvimwe kwazvo dzinokosha zvokukura shanduka kwevanhu.

Munhu refu vakaedza kuongorora avo. Izvi zvinoratidzwa ngano, Ngano, epics anenge ose nemarudzi.

Chete muna 1859 akabudisa bhuku Charles Darwin, iyo inorondedzera kwakabva mhando nokuda dzinongoitika vakasarudzwa. Zvakakonzera kutekenyedzwa uye vafarire zvikuru. Vazhinji akatsoropodza dzidziso yake, vakatsoropodza uye kusekwa. Asi vanhu pedyo sainzi, yemura chisikwa ichi.

Bhuku rino rinotsanangura dzinongoitika kwakabva murume. Ikokowo anotungamirira uye uchapupu, kunobva pazivo rwezvesayenzi. Vakataura pamusoro ukama wemunhu uye mhuka panguva majini chechetere. Nokufamba kwenguva, Darwin akazviratidza vateveri uyo akatanga kudzidza nzendo shanduka kwevanhu.

Man uye vamwe vertebrates vane zvakafanana STRUCTURAL zvinhu. Somuenzaniso, zvimwe tsinga, skeletal, zvomudumbu, kufema uye kweropa hurongwa. Izvi zvakajeka zvikuru pachena apo kufunga ukama fetus kukura.

Kunyanya zvinhu ndivo zvokuvamba uye atavism. Ndivo mumuviri akawanda, asi hazvina maturo. Nhaka iyi zvasara kubva madzitateguru mhuka. Kana isu funga munhu tichitarisa zvipenyu, ndiko mhuka yacho suborder yepamusorosoro nechokuita primates. Zvisinei, vanhu - kuva vanonzwisisa. Kufanana chikuru chinogona kuonekwa vanhu netsoko, musiyano pakati pavo iri kukwanisa kushanda uye kushandisa zvokushandisa.

Zvokukura shanduka kwevanhu zvinosanganisira nguva apo paiva dzinongoitika vakasarudzwa nevanhu vanokwanisa remapazi vachishandisa pfuti. Uyezve, kwaiva kuchinja kubva chikumbiro kusvika gadzira zvinhu zvebasa. Zvakanga dzinongoitika vakasarudzwa kuti kunoitika somugumisiro shanduka. Kudya zvokudya nokushandiswa moto, kuderedza mutoro nezuva zvomudumbu hurongwa. Zvishoma nezvishoma, izvozvo kwave kuchiita zvimwe kuchinja (rakapfupika ura).

Kune matanho matatu shanduka kwevanhu.

1. chidzoke yacho genus Homo, chokutanga munhu waiva Australopithecus. Danho iri zvipenyu chimurenga.

2. Izvi zvinoteverwa chinotevera Danho iri Kushanduka genus ichi. Rinotora pamberi kutanga ano Danho yemhindumupindu kwevanhu. Pano, izvi kwakabatsira zvoutachiona zvinhu kwete chete, asiwo pasocial. Pakati vamiririri iyi vangazivikanwa Pithecanthropus, Heidelberg vanhu Sinanthropus uye Neanderthals.

3. chokupedzisira nhano ichaongororwa dzidziso kwevanhu ano. Pano, vazhinji sei evanhu chokuita kuvapo.

The zvisaririra chokutanga basa kwevanhu nokushandiswa zvekushandisa anowanikwa munguva 2.5 -. Makore mamiriyoni 2,8 akapfuura. Zvinonzi aizivikanwawo kuti dzevanhu vanhu vakawanda havasi atsiva mumwe somugumisiro shanduka. Zvakavapo panguva imwe chete uye akanyangarika somugumisiro kurwira kupona.

Man - iri musoro chisikwa ine zvose zvipenyu uye magariro zvinhu. Izvi rinomusiyanisa nevamwe zvisikwa zvipenyu panyika.