Zubatov Sergey Vasilyevich (1864-1917): a Biography. Musoro Special Department of Russian Empire Department Police

Zubatov Sergey Vasilyevich (1864-1917 gg.) Ko musiki ezvinhu enyika kuongorora muna pre-echimurenga Russia. Sezvo mukuru wemapurisa dhipatimendi, iye akasika masangano yepamutemo vashandi ', makatumidzwa zita rake. basa rake kune nzvimbo inokosha mumagakava munhoroondo yedu nyika kwezana remakore. The matanho akatorwa navo kuti anzwirwe kusimba hwokuwa evanhu chimurenga, asi zvinosuwisa, havana kukwanisa kudzivisa kutanga kwayo.

makore kudzidza

Zubatov Sergey Vasilevich akaberekerwa mumhuri nomukuru mukuru. baba vake vakaita akakurumbira chinzvimbo Moscow kutarisira. Jaya aidzidzira pamatunhu zvikoro, apo akatakurirwa echimurenga pfungwa uye kunyange akasika kwake denderedzwa pamusoro nihilists. Akanga vobatanidzwa Nemusi dzidzo, anyura kazhinji mabasa nevanyori mugovanisi kunyengetedzwa. Uyezve, pwere waitsigira nihilistic pfungwa pakati vadzidzi, yaakanga akadzingwa ari kuomerera baba vake.

Ukama kuipandukira

Zubatov Sergey Vasilevich mushure kumanikidzwa kugumiswa zvidzidzo ake akava mushandi ari muhofisi Moscow. Asi zvikuru kwaikosha basa rake ari private raibhurari, rakanga rakarambidzwa uye wakasuduruka anotengeswa mabhuku. Majaya kuipandukira vaiva ayo kakawanda vashanyi, izvo zvakazoita kuti rapprochement yavo. Asi Zubatov haana kuudza pfungwa dzavo uye mafungiro, sezvo aiona pachake mutsigiri pfungwa Pisarev, apo shamwari dzake akagovana enyika maonero populists. Kunyange zvakadaro, vakaramba vachikurukura mumwe. Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva gare gare akasungwa akapomerwa ukama kuipandukira. Ipapo Zubatov Sergey Vasilevich akati kuti chaizvoizvo, ari mutsigiri nehurumende kuitika, uye kuti aratidze kuti haana mhosva akatora kunovhima pasi vose vaya nzira imwe kana mumwe chokuita pachivande yeChina.

Yezwi chakavanzika basa

Kubva 1886 kusvika 1887 yaaishandira pasi achinyepera okuvhimisa pasi echimurenga pakati People. Vachitora mukana kwavo chivimbo uye achivapa mabasa akasiyana-siyana, Zubatov akaratidza wandei mikuru mabasa masangano pevhu. Zvisinei, nokukurumidza izvozvo chakaratidzwa uye akazivisa provocateur. mumwe nhengo dzeboka kunyange zvokumuuraya. Zvadaro, zviremera akamukumbira kuti pamutemo kuenda kumapurisa, chiri chii chakaitika muna 1889. basa iri, akati, akamufambisa zvinetso zvikuru kuti muve zvakafanira kune vamwe vaimbova chitandadzo echimurenga pfungwa.

Jobs in kuchengeteka dhipatimendi

Remakore rechi19, kana pane, wechipiri ayo hafu, aiva ichatonga zvine mbiri People Kuda kufamba, zvichiumba masangano pevhu uyo akaronga chigaro uye vakanga vachigadzirira yokumukira nezvombo. Munguva yacho zvisati kukura kukurumbira pakati mugovanisi maonero kubata nhengo dzakavanzika zvikwata kuva dzakaoma. Zvisinei Zubatov kushanda Moscow Department Police, wakagona kurera basa sangano kuti LEVEL. Zvichida chikonzero basa rake raibudirira iri chokwadi kuti akasarudza kunyengetedza kuri matanho. All nevasungwa kuipandukira iye vakaperekedza Pfungwa basa, vakawanda kuchitsausa parutivi rwake, apo vamwe inonetsa kururama kwemashoko nzira dzavo vakasarudzwa. Remakore rechi19 rakanga remakore apo vechiduku vaidavira zvepachokwadi kuti achibatsirwa kutamburira zvombo vanogona kubatsirwa Russia. Zvisinei Zubatov navo vabvume kuti chinangwa chete ichi chinogona kuitwa kushanda nezviremera. Saka vakakwanisa kusika munhu richikurukura yayo nevasori, izvo vakashanda zvakakwana. Achibatsirwa zhinji epachivande, chaitadzisa kuedza vakanga amuudza. Rovedza clandestine mabasa muMoscow aiva nengozi. Mushure mechinguva Zubatov muna 1896 raiva mapurisa huru chakavanzika.

On huru romukova

The sangano, raakanga akatungamirira, akaisa zvakananga chaihwo dhipatimendi, yaiva chikamu mapurisa dhipatimendi yeRussian Empire. Mashandiro chikwata ichi chaiva chikamu pakurwisana echimurenga pfungwa munyika. It akanga achiparidza kudzidza kufara kudzidza youth, akatarisira vashandi, buritsa enyika mhosva. Zubatov akasimbisa mabasa wedhipatimendi yake European womuenzaniso. Akasika kwegadziriro kwete chete wechipfuwo asiwo dzimwe nevamiririri. vanhu vake akashanda kwete chete muMoscow asiwo munyika, kuvhima pasi uye neutralizing pevhu netsvimbo uye masangano. kuongorora Political amuka kuvandudza. Saka, Zubatov akasika rinokosha boka matikitivha vari kushanda club pasi Vanhu munyika. Somugumisiro, sangano chakaziviswa kwete chete muMoscow asiwo guru, Minsk.

Pfungwa rakasikwa nemasangano ari pamutemo vashandi '

Pakupera kwezana remakore, asi Moscow zviremera nezvinoda sangano iri proletariat. Kugadzirisa nyaya iyi Zubatov Aingoziva mabhuku anokosha uye akawana kuti dambudziko anogona kugadziriswa kana kudzora Masangano vashandi '. Muna 1898 iye akapa zano rake nokuda chirongwa mukuru wemapurisa Trepov uye mvumo kuti kuitisa Pfungwa basa pakati disaffected murombo nokushanda ezvinhu. Musimboti chiito Zubatov aiva zvinotevera: kudiwa vabvume vashandi kuti vanogona kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvavo uye tsarist hurumende, uye kuti kuitira kuvandudza upenyu hwavo hadzishandi basa pasocial chimurenga, sezvo waiti dzidziso yacho Marxists. Zubatov akaita saka pebhanhire kuti akakwanisa kunyengedza uye nechokwadi zviri yakarurama kuchikosha chikamu proletariat, uye akabvumira kuti mberi nesangano renhoroondo vashandi 'mibatanidzwa rinotungamirirwa nezviremera.

Job muSt Petersburg

Muna 1902, mumwe Danho itsva yake rezvematongerwe, akatamisirwako kuna St. Petersburg uye akagadza mukuru Special Department akati. At pambiru Zubatov akagadzwa pachigaro pfungwa iri Minister of Interior Plehve, akanga asiri maonero ake pamusoro kudiwa zvakakomba uye kure-kusvika zvinhu kuitira kudzivirira chimurenga, asi akaona zvakakodzera kuti ape naye inokosha nechinzvimbo ichi. A idzva basa Zubatov akaramba kuchinja zvinhu zvematongerwo mapurisa hurongwa. Akasika rinokosha kuchengeteka mahofisi munyika, izvo zvakaita vanhu vake vakavimbika vanoziva nzira yake yokuita rwokutsvakurudza basa.

kurizaina

With kuwedzera Zubatov akagamuchira honorary rokuti "mazano mudare." Zvisinei, gare gare chete pagore hwake akatora tisingatarisiri uye hachifadzi chaizvo kuchinja. Chokwadi chokuti iye Plehve haana kuwana mutauro nevakawanda nokuda kuwedzera kusanzwisisana pakati pavo. Zubatov akaramba kuomerera kudiwa kuchinja, uye mukati mufundisi akaedza kusimbisa udzvanyiriri. Muvhu ichi yokushorwa unga Sergey Witte, uyo kunyange vakarangana kuti idzokere Pleven. Zvisinei, urongwa wawanikwa, Zubatov akanga pakarepo kubviswa kumusoro muhofisi yake. Akaenda kuna Moscow, uye kubva ipapo vakaenda Vladimir. Shure yakaiswa pasi zvokuongorora, akanga uyewo haana kubvumirwa kuti kuonana ake ekare navo. Zvisinei, gurukota Retired dare, akanga rehabilitated pashure kupondwa Plehve. The itsva Minister of Interior Svyatopolk-Mirsky aida kuidzorera muhofisi, asi iye akaramba.

Pamakore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake

Mushure kanganwiro, akadzokera Moscow uye akatanga journalistic mabasa. Iye dzinobudiswa mumagazini monarchist, asi gare gare akapinda kunyorerana Burtsev, uyo aionekwa asina chaizvo dzinombotinyepera. Akanga rambidzwa kuchengetedza ukama naye. Mumakore mashomanana akatevera Zubatov handina chete vakatevera zviitiko aidaro zvematongerwo enyika, uye. Paakaziva pamusoro abdication chamambo muna 1917, akabva ndokupfura pachake.

ukoshi mabasa

Munhoroondo nyika yedu, murume uyu akauya pakutanga, sezvo murongi nomusiki nounyanzvi basa masangano, ane chinangwa chaiva kudzivirira zvavanoda kuburikidza pamutemo uye rugare. The pati yokutanga yakaumbwa muna 1901. In dzakaitika mabhuku Fani iyi yaisanganisira pasi zita Zubatov uye "Zubatovism", uye uku zvinowanzooneka vachinzwisisa nenzira Kutsvinyirwa mupfungwa pakati pevanhu venguva yake. Zvisinei, Sergey ainzwisisa kukosha rwekuita mukirasi, uye vakatenda kuti kupararira mugovanisi pfungwa pakati payo kungakonzera nemigumisiro ngozi. Saka, aida kuisa basa kufamba aidzorwa zviremera uye mapurisa. Muchikamu zvaakaita, asi ipapo zvikurukuru nemhaka nokushorwa Plehve akamanikidzwa kupururudza kushandiswa. Zviito zvake uye masangano kazhinji vanodiwa mapurisa gutsaruzhinji, kunyange zvazvo Zubatov anoramba ari Pfungwa yakadaro. Akacherechedza kuti nekusiyana, iri kunetseka mugovanisi pfungwa uye kuti kusimudzirwa yake kunobva kudiwa kukura gutsaruzhinji uye chaiyo. Akataurawo kuti rokuti mapurisa haana vakaita mutsindo basa mabasa ayo. Maererano naye, chaifanira kuva kavha kuti tibudirire pamwe chete nevane simba. Asi Zubatov kazhinji vakatsoropodza zvakanaka kuruboshwe, pasinei tsananguro ake.