Zvikuru Parthenon muAtene

The Parthenon muAtene. Ndiani asina kunzwa nezvazvo? Zviri pachena kuti chiratidzo Greece ano uye rayo guru, uye kwemazana emakore wakaonekwa uye anoramba kuonekwa sezvo zvinodiwa runako, mumwe yakanakisisa incarnations nemagariro yekare. Asi chii chimwezve Tinoziva pamusoro shongwe iyi mapurani? Ngatiedzei zvishoma muchidimbu nezvaanoziva.

nzvimbo

The Parthenon ari muAtene. It rakadzikwa pakakwirira (156 metres) pamwe zvinyoronyoro raiiswa wegomo, rakamiswa pakati muguta - the Acropolis. Acropolis - yokuti nhoroondo Greek yekare. Kufanana madzibaba edu, kuti Slavs, vagari Greece yekare inokosha chikamu guta ravo yaiva kumusoro pasi uye simbisa. Shure panharirire yaiva mutongi mumuzinda, vakawanda temberi uye vakawanda zvivezwa dzakatsaurirwa kuna vanamwari-vanoitisana. The Slavs akadana ravo detintsem nhare guta akazova Kremlin, uye vaGiriki - the Acropolis. On ari Acropolis veAteni harisi chete Parthenon, asi dzimwe dzimba eras siyana.

Vaka nguva

The Parthenon muAtene yakavakwa makore 10, pamwe 446 musi 438. makore BC. Ipapo imwe 6 Makore I mberi sculptural kushongedzwa meimba. Panguva ino, Atene yakanga isingori yokugara, uye guta-mamiriro. The nemitemo Mini-mamiriro ichi Pericles - munhu akava nomukurumbira pamusana kwakarungwa kwounyanzvi ake uye kurayira mano uye akazova muvambi hweruzhinji. Panguva yokutonga kwake, Atene yakashongedzwa zvinoshamisa netemberi, aritari, zvivezwa.

Chii Parthenon muAtene?

temberi iyi kuna Greek mwarikadzi Athena. Mumwe tsanangudzo mwanasikana Zeus aiva "Parthenos" - "mhandara, mhandara," saka Parthenon - nzvimbo yokunamatira Athena, Virgo. Zvinofadza kuti mumakore ivepo nayo vakakwanisa kushanyira kwete chete tsvene yekare, asiwo Cathedral woWakaropafadzwa Mariya (VI-XII remakore) Christian, uye yeKatorike (XIII-XIV remakore), uye vaMuslim chechi (XV-XVII emakore).

History of chivakwa

Basa iri kuvakwa temberi akatungamirira zvinoshamisa rekare rechiGiriki muvezi Phidias. Vatsvakurudzi Modern vakaona kuti kukwana kuvakwa nokuda pakuomerera zvaidiwa mitemo yakakurumbira "zvinoenderana naMwari", umo nhamba zvimwe zvikamu rwose inoratidzwa dzose, kuti "yendarama maturo."

Kuna Parthenon akatarira chichinyatsobatanidzwa, ivo Acropolis yakawedzera akavaka murwi simba. Pakati kureba mutemberi, uye zvikamu chikomo pamberi Parthenon uye yendarama reshiyo ukama aivapo. Mamiriro chakavakwa kubva chena machena, kupetura mhangura, dzenzou, Ebony, nemisipiresi. The Parthenon muAtene rava chechi yenyika zvechokwadi - kusikwa zvehari nemhizha, vavezi, coppersmiths, navavaki, Painters, enameller, Engravers. Maererano nengano, apo mumwe nembongoro kuti vakatakura namabwe Acropolis, chete penga nokuda kokuchembera uye akasunungurwa kubva mabasa nezuva, akaramba kuuya mangwanani ose "riri basa" kuna Parthenon.

Construction akaratidza kuva kunodhura zvikuru. Asi kana Pericles akapa vagari kutora zvose mari nyaya yako (uye nyora zita rako chivako), vaAtene vakaramba, uye mari yakanga rinoitwa muvanhu.

madokero

Temberi inozivikanwa yaiva muzinda wechitendero kweguta kweanodarika 17 emakore. Asi muna 1687 kubudikidza sezvakarayirwa Swedish vakawanda Königsmark Venetians akaparadza Parthenon. Atene vakakundwa, mazana vakadzi nevana vakaurayiwa. Zvinosuruvarisa, temberi akatambudzika zvikuru yekudyidzana mumakore anouya vasisagoni kuita mabasa ake. Kusvikira pakati XIX remakore, vanhu (vose vaGiriki uye vatorwa) utsinye akakwevera makariita masvingo uye zvimedu yakanyungudutswa, vakanga aivigirwa kwose kunoshamisa mabasa ounyanzvi.

Chivako yakavakwa kwemakore 10, uye kweanenge maviri emakore, vachiedza apore. Kana iwe uri rombo zvakakwana kushanyira muGirisi, iva nechokwadi kuti aende imwe karwendo "Atene Acropolis. Parthenon "kupupurira mumwe mukuru Zvivako kare.