Academician Pavlov Biography mabasa kwesayenzi

Ivan Petrovich Pavlov - akahwina mubayiro weNobel uye inozivikanwa simba chesayenzi yose. Kuva unyanzvi musayendisiti, akaita rakakura kukura wepfungwa uye physiology. Kuti vaiona muvambi zvesayenzi munda, sezvo yepamusorosoro huta basa. Akaita anoverengeka mikuru matongo mumunda mutemo kugaya, uye nheyo muna vasiri kuchikoro Russian.

vabereki

Biography Pavlova Ivana Petrovicha inotanga muna 1849. Panguva iyoyo yemberi academician akaberekwa muguta Ryazan. baba vake, Peter D., aibva mumhuri murimi mudiki uye vakashanda somupristi muna rimwe duku parishes. Independent uye chokwadi, iye nguva dzose asatenderwe Vakuru ake, saka iye akararama upenyu akapfuma. Peter D. aida upenyu, aiva utano hwakanaka, uye aida kushanda mumunda uye mubindu.

Varvara Ivanovna, mai Ivan vake, aibva mumhuri yomudzimu. At muduku akanga anofara, kunonakidza uye utano. Asi kazhinji kuzvara (mumhuri yakanga nevana 10) vasanyanya zvikuru utano hwake. Varvara Ivanovna asina dzidzo, asi zvakaoma uye zvakasikwa njere akafunga kuita nomubati mudzidzisi vana vavo.

udiki

Future Academician Pavlov Ivan aiva dangwe mumhuri. Childhood akasiya dzayo zvisingafi mucherechedzo pamusoro ndangariro. Mumakore ake vakura, aiyeuka: "Ndinorangarira zvakajeka chaizvo kushanya kwangu yokutanga imba. The chinoshamisa ndechokuti ndakanga chete pagore, uye mukoti akanga akatakura vakandibata mumaoko. Nokuti chokwadi kuti ndinogona kuyeuka mangwanani, anoti zvose ndangariro wakajeka. Kana mariro amai wemunin'ina, I akatakurwa ari maoko kutaura bhayibhayi kwaari. The Chiitiko achiri anomira pamberi pangu. "

Ivan ros vachifara uye utano. Iye nokuzvidira vaitamba nehama vaduku nehanzvadzi. Akabatsirawo mai vake (musha zvakanangana) uye baba (mu pakuvaka imba uye mubindu). Hanzvadzi yake L. P. Andreeva akaudza pamusoro iyi hwake saka: "John nguva dzose vakarangarira nokuonga papa. Akakwanisa kumudzidzisa tsika basa, yakarurama, zvakarurama, uye kuti yose. vanamai vedu vaiva varimi. Kuva toiler kukuru, iye akaedza kuita zvose pachangu. Asi vose vana akanamata kwaari uye akaedza kubatsira: kuunza mvura, vakuchidzire muchoto, dimura huni. Zvose izvi vaifanira kuita zvishoma Ivan. "

School uye zvinokuvadza

Diploma, akatanga kudzidza makore 8, asi chikoro wakanga 11. chete vose mhosva yacho: rimwe zuva mukomana vakaisa kunze pakaoma maapuro pachikuva. Iye vakagumburwa, akawa kubva manera akawira zvakananga pabwe pauriri. Kurova chaizvo simba, uye Ivan akarwara. Mukomana chikashandurwa, arasika uremu, asingachadi kudya uye akatanga kurara zvakaipa. The vabereki vakaedza kurapa nayo kumba, asi hapana chakabatsira. Kamwe, iri kushanyira Pavlov akasvika abbot Mutsvene Trinity wemamonk. Achiona ndonda mukomana, akatora naye pachake. Enhanced zvokudya, dzakachena mhepo uye kugara jimunasitikisi kudzokera Ivan simba uye utano. The Guardian akadzosera akangwara, nemutsa uye vakadzidza zvikuru murume. Akatungamirira munhu anozviramba mararamiro uye yakawanda yokuverenga. Unhu izvi anobudiswa pamusoro mukomana ane simba pfungwa. Bhuku rokutanga kuti Academician Pavlov aiva murume wechidiki kubva abbot, vakava ngano I. A. Krylova. Mukomana kuzvidzidziswa mwoyo uye vakatakura rudo fabulist kuburikidza upenyu. Bhuku rino nguva nhema pamusoro dhesiki ari musayendisiti.

Education in Seminary

Muna 1864, pasi pokudzora pomurayiro Ivan vakapinda chebhaibheri. Ikoko, akabva angova pamusoro mudzidzi, uye kunyange akabatsira mamwe masoja ake somuperekedzi. Makore Chokudzidzisa kuzivana nemabasa Ivan ari nevafungi Russian sezvo Di Pisarev, N. Dobrolyubov, V. G. Belinsky, A. I. Gertsen, N. G. Chernyshevsky, uye zvichingodaro. D. Mukomana aifarira chido chavo kurwisa nokuti rusununguko uye mberi zvemagariro. Asi nokufamba kwenguva, zvaanofarira zvava nesayenzi. Uye pano une simba guru pamusoro paumbwe pakutsvakurudza monograph Pavlov akanga I. M. Sechenova "hunenge yacho Brain." Ndapedza kubva pachikoro yechitanhatu mukomana giredhi akaziva haana kuita zvokunamata nebasa, uye vakatanga kugadzirira yunivhesiti mukova bvunzo.

Studies paUniversity

Muna 1870 Pavlov akatamira St. Petersburg nechido kupinda Physics uye Mathematics weVadzidzisi Vedare. Asi akatendeuka kuenda mutemo. Chikonzero ichi - varambidzwe kudya kuti seminarians maererano kusarudza basa. Ivan akatuma chikumbiro kuna Rector, uye vhiki mbiri gare gare akanga hwakatamisirwa Physics uye Mathematics Department. The Jaya akaenda kwazvo uye Vawana zvibozwa bhezari (wavarindi).

Nokufamba kwenguva, vakawanda kwazvo Ivan physiology uye gore yechitatu akazvipira sayenzi iyi zvachose. The yokupedzisira kusarudza akaita pasi pokudzora Professor Tsion - unyanzvi musayendisiti, kwakajeka mudzidzisi uye ane unyanzvi experimenter. Heano mazano kuyeuka kuti nguva Biography vake Academician Pavlov: "Sezvo huru basa I akasarudza physiology mhuka, uye akawedzera - kemisitiri. Nepo chihombe pfungwa pane zvose aita Ilya Fadeevich. We rova nayo nounyanzvi nyore kwamagwaro zvakaoma vasiri nyaya uye unyanzvi tarenda iri kuedza. mudzidzisi uyu Ndichaenda kuyeuka zvose upenyu hwangu. "

tsvakurudzo mabasa

kutanga kuongorora Pavlov shure 1873 gore musi. Zvadaro, dzichitungamirirwa Ivan Ovsyannikov havawanzoiti tsinga mumapapu ari datya. Zvegore, pamwe chete nevamwe mudzidzi, akanyora ake wokutanga basa nesayenzi. Musoro, Chokwadi, akanga Tsion. In basa iri, vadzidzi akaongorora Migumisiro laryngeal tsinga iri kufamba kweropa. Pakapera 1874, migumisiro vakanga kukurukurwa pamusangano of Society of zvakasikwa. Pavlov dzose aipinda misangano iyi uye akakurukura Tarkhanovo Ovsyannikov uye Sechenov.

Nokukurumidza vadzidzi M. M. Afanasev uye I. P. Pavlov akatanga kudzidza pancreatic tsinga. University Council paakavapa basa iri ndarama menduru. Zvisinei, Ivan yakawandisa kutsvakurudza nguva yakawanda uye havana kupfuura wokupedzisira, wakati akarasikirwa bhezari. Izvi vakamumanikidza kuti varambe payunivhesiti imwe gore. Muna 1875 iye kudzidza sowakajeka. Aiva 26 chete (photos Ivana Petrovicha Pavlova muzera rino, zvinosuruvarisa haana kurarama), uye ramangwana wakaonekwa vaizotibata chaizvo.

kweropa physiology

Muna 1876, rimwe jaya akawana basa sezvo mubatsiri kuna Professor KN Ustimovich, musoro murabhoritari panguva lääkäri-Nzira Academy. Mumakore maviri akatevera, Ivan akambomisa anoverengeka zveBhaibheri physiology ropa kutenderera. Zvekufamba Pavlov akarumbidza Purofesa S. P. Botkin uye akamukumbira kuti auye kuchipatara. Pamutemo, Ivan akagadzwa rabhoritari mubatsiri, asi chaizvoizvo akava musoro murabhoritari. Pasinei murombo kamuri, kushaya zvokushandisa uye shomanana mari, Pavlov yabudirira zvinokosha kunoguma adzidze physiology kuti kugaya uye kufamba kweropa. In madenderedzwa dzesayenzi, zita rake riri kuva zvaisazobudirira.

rudo rokutanga

Mukupera manonwe akasangana Serafima Karchevsky - mudzidzi pedagogical dhipatimendi. Young yakabatana zvakafanana. maonero, zvakajairika zvaunofarira, kuzvipira nevatambi kushumira vanhu uye kurwira mberi. Kazhinji, ivo vaidanana. A Save photos Ivan Petrovich Pavlov uye Seraphim Vasilevny Karchevsky anoratidza kuti vakanga vakanaka kwazvo nomudzimai. Rutsigiro vawanani pachimwe zvakadaro jaya iri yesayenzi mumunda.

Kutsvaka basa idzva

Kwemakore 12 basa pakiriniki S. P. Botkina Biography Pavlova Ivana Petrovicha vafumiswa siyana zviitiko ane chesayenzi, uye akava anozivikanwa vari pamba uye kunze. Kuvandudza nokushanda uye mhenyu zvemupiro matarenda musayendisiti rashanduka faniro kwete chete nokuda kwake pachake zvido, asiwo kukura Russian nesayenzi.

Asi mumazuva tsarist Russia chero kuchinja kuti mano, akatendeseka, gutsaruzhinji-pfungwa, hazvibatsiri, vainyara uye unsophisticated murume, uye chii chaiva Pavlov, zvakanga zvakaoma. Uyezve, vanhu kunzwisisa upenyu musayendisiti yokufeva physiologists, iyo Ivan Petrovich, paakanga achiri muduku, akapinda pachena kunyika nhaurirano nenharo uye kazhinji akabuda Kumukundi. Saka, nokuda zvakaipa uongororwe Professor I. R. Tarhanova kuti Pavlov basa pazuva rokupedzisira riparadzirwe haina paakavapa mubayiro.

Ivan kugona kuwana yezvirwere chakanaka mberi nezvidzidzo zvavo. Muna 1887, iye akanyora tsamba gurukota Education, umo akakumbira nzvimbo weDhipatimendi mutyairi wendege kuyunivhesiti. Ipapo akatuma tsamba dzakawanda dzakasiyana-siyana masangano uye kwose kwose akarambidzwa. Asi nokukurumidza nemhanza musayendisiti.

The Nobel Prize

Muna April 1890, Pavlov akasarudzwa purofesa pharmacology kamwechete miviri yunivhesiti: Warsaw uye Tomsk. Uye muna 1891 akakokwa kuti aronge weDhipatimendi Physiology panguva richangobva akazarura University of experimental Medicine. Pavlov vakananga kusvikira parufu rwake. Zvakanga pano kuti akaita chaiwo mapepanhau akawanda pamusoro physiology ari zvomudumbu omumuviri, dzakanga paakavapa Nobel Prize muna 1904 gore. munharaunda All kwesayenzi anoyeuka kutaura kuti Academician Pavlov akati "On the Russian pfungwa" panguva mhemberero. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti ichi chaiva mubayiro wokutanga, paakavapa nokuti kuedza zviri zvokurapa.

Relations nehurumende yeSoviet

Pasinei nzara uye kuparadzwa mumazuva simba Soviet, V. I. Lenin chirevo chinokosha umo anoonga basa Pavlov, zvichiratidza munhu chaizvo kudziya uye hanya nemafungiro Bolsheviks. Nekukurumidza, Academician uye tsvimbo yake ndakasika kwazvo akanaka ezvinhu basa nesayenzi. Laboratory Ivan Petrovich kurongwazve muna vasiri Institute. Uye pazuva 80th raiyeukwa academician akasvinudzwa pana Leningrad Institute of Science-guta.

Kuzadziswa zviroto zvakawanda kuti vagara akaramba ane academician Pavlov Ivan Petrovich. Scientific mabasa muzvinafundo aigara rakabudiswa. At ayo masangano yakaonekwa kiriniki pfungwa uye huta zvirwere. All inotungamirwa zvedzidzo masangano vakagamuchira michina mitsva. The zvakapetwa kagumi kuwedzera kwenhamba vashandi. Kuwedzera bhajeti, musayendisiti wose mwedzi kuti kuwana mari kuti vakapedza panguva nokungwara yavo.

Ivan akafadzwa uye akatamira saka ngaiteerere uye ushamwari mafungiro Bolsheviks kuti basa rake nesayenzi. Pashure pezvose, pasi tsarist hwechiFascist, ndiye nguva dzose vanoda mari. Uye zvino academician kunyange kunetseka kana aizokwanisa kupembedza kuvimba uye hurumende nehanya. Kazhinji akataura pamusoro izvi ake ezvinhu, uye voruzhinji.

rufu

Academician Pavlov akafa 87 fung gore upenyu. Hapana akafanotaura rufu musayendisiti, nekuti Ivan akanga utano zvakaisvonaka uye kashoma airwara. Chokwadi, akanga asingatani chikosoro uye airwara nemabayo kakawanda. Nemabayo uye aiva mhosva yerufu. 27 February, 1936 musayendisiti rabva ino.

vanhu vose Soviet vakachema paakafa Academician Pavlov (rondedzero Ivan Petrovich rufu nokukurumidza mumapepanhau). Akafa murume mukuru uye nyanzvi huru, uyo akaita mupiro mukuru chitange vasiri nesayenzi. Ivan Petrovich akavigwa ari Volkov kumakuva, pedo makuva D. I. Mendeleeva.