Plasma Kamudzira: yakavanzwa miganhu

upenyu sero anova zvinogoneka chete nokuti zvakasiyana makemikari uye zvinhu hazvipindiri, uye Sero kuvimbika. Zvose izvi zvinokwanisika chete kuburikidza dzakasiyana-siyana membranes. A Sero unowanzoonekwa delimited zvimwe mamiriro chaiye anonzi "cytoplasmic membrane."

Kuonekwa kana kwayo nechiedza maikorosikopu? Mhinduro iri kwete, hongu, tinoona muganhu, asi Kamudzira pachayo - zvakare nemicheka marongerwo. Dzimwe nguva hatidi kuona kunyange sero miganhu Somuenzaniso, apo kujekeswa maikorosikopu chiropa masero. Asi nei zvino tinoona dzimwe nguva, sero miganhu, kana iri Kamudzira?

Kutaura zvazviri izvozvo nadmembrannye akaturikidzana pamusoro makabhohaidhiretsi, vari pakati masero. Ivo Sechipanji dhayi, saka unogona kufunga kuti uku ndiko plasma Kamudzira ane akabudirira vakatongoparadzwa.

In kuedza zvakanzi vakawana kuti masero zvakatendeka achinyatsotaurira zvinogadzirisa nedzimwe osmotic kumanikidzwa, kuzvimba kana akadzokera, izvo zvinoreva kuti vari takapoteredzwa Kamudzira iyo kunoratidzwa permeability anyatsosarudza.

Zvakaziviswa zvakare kuti sero Kamudzira ndiro tsime-permeable, kana kuedza kupinda zvinhu zviri soluble mune lipids. Munguva dzekare pfungwa gidrofilnye kumigumo Kamudzira mamorekuru vaiona akatarisa chokunze uye hydrophobic - mukati. Erekitironi microscopy Akaratidzawo kuti zvakaoma zvikuru. Zvikurukuru, zvemagetsi mifananidzo inogona kuonekwa kuti dzokunze akaturikidzana vari gobvu, uye kwete nechomukati, kureva lipid akaturikidzana riri kumucheto.

Plasma Kamudzira kuburikidza mudziyo wavo impermeable kune macromolecules, saka cytoplasmic mapuroteni havagoni kuwana kubva muchitokisi napo. The mapuroteni vari muchitokisi, anosika osmotic kumanikidzwa, kuti zvakanaka huwandu mvura anopinda muchitokisi. Zvisinei, izvi hazvisi haaperi, nekuti iri interstitial mvura kubva kunze, zvakare, pane zvimwe zvinhu kuti yokufudza osmotic kumanikidzwa.

To zvinogona musiyano akaramba akatsiga plasmatic Kamudzira vanofanira dielectric ehupfumi. Asiwo kunoratidza masayendisiti kufunga kuti akawanda Kamudzira lipids, vane dielectric ehupfumi. Nyongoroka anoratidza ayo ehupfumi yeplasma membrane.

The Chimiro chacho mashandiro dzinobatana, semuenzaniso, yomunhu kujairika kuramba musiyano iri kuwanda potassium uye yavaibvisa ions Rinobatanidzwa unokosha mashandiro ari Kamudzira - yavaibvisa-potassium pombi. Saka Ion chinja rinopa enzayemu anoshanda pamusoro simba masero, zvichiitika inodhura payo. Sero ine "kubhadhara" nokuda pachiyero. Uyewo zvinoda "upfumi" uye kuchinjwa shuga, mafuta acids, amino acids.

An dzinonakidza chepfungwa sero Kamudzira sezvo zviri asymmetric, kureva, ayo omukati uye dzokunze hukawanika havasi chete, kunyange zvazvo vaongorori yepakutanga pachishandiswa Erekitironi microscopy Data munyaya iyi. zvikamu zvose carbohydrate tubhokisi glycoprotein mamorekuru protrude mhiri rokunze pose Kamudzira uye zvinobatanidzwa pakugadzirwa nadlipidnogo rukoko. Chokunze pose sero rinewo mamorekuru anokosha anonzi receptors, ivo zvazvinoita kune vamwe mamorekuru kwezvakatipoteredza. Saka yaidzorwa basa muchitokisi, inogona kukurudzira kana kwava zvichienderana muviri zvinodiwa. Zvino yomukati chikamu Kamudzira rine yakawanda remafuta akawandisa.

Ongororo nokukanganisika dzakaratidza sero Kamudzira, mapuroteni kuti yomukati uye dzokunze membranes havasi kufanana, asi phospholipids yakasiyana mune Zvinoumba izvi hukawanika maviri zvakare zvikuru siyana. Vamwe izvi zvinhu zvinogona kuonekwa kunyange aine Erekitironi maikorosikopu.

Sezvaunogona kuona, zvokutanga Kamudzira hakusi nyore, asi kuti tinzwisise zvose kwemasayendisiti, masayendisiti vaifanira kuvaka uye kuti kuramba hypotheses zhinji.