Ages mabhuku

Panzvimbo vekare vakasvika Middle Ages - rinokosha Danho iri kukura dzavanhu Western Europe zvokunamata. Nguva iyi kunotanga 5th remakore uye inoguma mune yokutanga yezana remakore rechi17. Kuzvipokanidza uye kunzwisisa zviri yaitonga kwakaonekwa zvinoitwa tsika dzayo. Nhoroondo Ndimi Western chinosiyanisa pacharo panguva yeMiddle Ages uye Renaissance. Rokutanga rwakatora 5 remakore remakore rechi15, uye yokupedzisira - pamwe remakore rechi14 uye chetatu rechi17 rokutanga.

mabhuku Western European Ages uye mabhuku Renaissance setsika muzvikamu zvitatu nguva. Maererano nemaitikiro, ndiwo mutsara demarcation vakagamuchirwa dzakaitika nesayenzi. Periodization anotarira sezvinotevera:

1. Literature Early Middle Ages (kubvira 5th remakore remakore rechi11). Zvakange akaratidza upenyu dzavanhu Europe panguva pokuwa zvaiita ino uye paumbwe feudal ukama. Zvinomirirei kwayo chigadzirwa nomumukanwa uri kunyanya Saxon, vaCelt uye Air uye Latin arufabheti.

2. Literature ichatonga zvine mbiri feudalism (zana remakore rechi11 kusvika rechi15). Panguva ino, muna kufanana yakakurumbira mabasa kuwedzera kukura anogamuchira basa nomumwe vanyori. Kazhinji, asi mabhuku parukova anokudzwa nhungamiro, achitaura zvinofarirwa uye nemaonero pamusoro makirasi feudal vanhu siyana. Pane mabasa yakanyorwa kwete chete muchiLatin asiwo mitauro zvipenyu European.

3. mabhuku Renaissance (rechi15 remakore rechitatu rechi17 rokutanga). Ndiwo anonzi nguva mukupera Middle Ages, kana feudal vomunharaunda ari kuwana dambudziko uye hwava ukama hutsva zvoupfumi.

Genres Original Ages mabhuku kuumbwa emandiriri uye kunzwisisa upenyu European avanhu panguva iyi. Vakawanda mabasa vasina vapona, uye Vakasara, munokosha zvikuru nokudzidza nhaka nemagariro.

Medieval mabhuku okutanga nguva rakakamurwa mabhuku, rakanyorwa mumutauro muLatin uye mabhuku nemitauro zvizvarwa zvemo. First zvirimo rakakamurwa zvevafundisi uye enyika.

mabhuku Church, Chokwadi, zvakabatana chaizvo kuti kutenda muna Kristu uye yeRoma. Zvisinei, ikawa uye pfungwa "vemanyepo", kuratidza kutsutsumwa pamusoro kudzvinyirirwa vanhu nevafundisi uye feudal madzishe.

Literature chinopiwa nechiRoma nhetembo uye Makoronike Vagant Kuyera kosi nezviitiko uye dzavo dzenharo. Ekupedzisira aiva tsime rinokosha kuti kare.

Mabhuku mumitauro zvizvarwa zvemo akapa nokuda Irish uye-Saxon yakakura, uyewo basa Nordic.

Medieval mabhuku okukura nguva feudal vanhu zvikuru siyana mune kugutsikana uye Genre. Zviri vakwanise uye zvakadzika anoratidza tsika, pfungwa, magariro uye noupenyu nguva yake. Zvido vafundisi uye feudal kirasi kwakaratidzwa mukati zvevafundisi uye courtly mabhuku. Nomumukanwa chimiro kuramba kuva okugadzira zvinhu zvavo vanhu, kwete ive chitupa. Kubvira muzana remakore rechi12, pamwe chidzoke maguta ikoko burgher (guta) mabhuku. Zvinonzi dzinoratidzwa democratic uye Anti-feudal nemunhu.

Medieval mabhuku Renaissance anoratidza pfungwa nyika chaiyo. kugutsikana Its ndiyo nyika-munhoroondo, izvozvo anopindura zvikumbiro zvose zvoupenyu hwemazuva ano, noushingi anoratidza kuzvipokanidza ayo ose. The chikuru chinhu mufananidzo nemabasa iyi munhu ane nyika yake manzwiro uye mafungiro, zviito zvake. Yokufananidzira uyewo kushandisa hachishandi zvavo okugadzira zvinhu uye upenyu hwaAbhigairi ingano zvinhu zvaibva ngano.

Renaissance mabhuku kubva kunyika dzakasiyana dzinowanikwa features, kwese kuti iyi.