Akaita kuti modal verbs mumutauro Chirungu (mienzaniso)

Rechiito 'kunge' yakaiswa kubva ehupfumi wandei. The mutongo anogona kugamuchira:

1) kutaipa aine kukosha kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro rechiito "kuva";

2) Anofarira upiyona rechiito, iro rinoshandiswa munguva boka Perfect;

3) uye pakupedzisira chitarisiko modal rechiito 'kuti'.

Tichakurukura zvino rayo basa modal rechiito, izvo kunooneka pacharo zvinotevera nzira - munyori anoziva kudiwa dzimwe chiito uye nokudaro rinobatanidza nyaya navamwe Predicate.

Panguva ino chete chete nhamba dzebato rechitatu (iye, iye, izvozvo) 'vane' ukuwo, ikaita 'ane', uye vokupedzisira iri kuva 'akanga'.

Zvisinei, kukosha ichi kunogona kwete chete 'kuti'. Pane nzira dzakawanda kuratidza kudiwa kana kushaya vanoda Somuenzaniso, imwe 'kunofanira'. Below isu kunyatsotarisisa vatowanda nevakawanda kontstruktsii, zviri zvakajairika mazuva mumutauro Chirungu, kuti kuvaparadzanisa kubva 'kuti'. Mune dzimwe nguva chikumbiro chavo akafanana, uye mune dzimwe, kana kwete akasiyana zvachose vaishora, ipapo zvinenge enderana.

'Unofanira' vs. 'Ivai kuti'

Kana tichida kutaura kuti mumwe munhu ane zvimwe mitoro kuti Implementation yechinoitwa, kana kuti zvakakodzera kuti mune evasingatombonamati nomumwe hwaro, tinoshandisa 'vanofanira' kana 'kuita / anofanira / aifanira kuita' sezvo modal verbs mu Chirungu mutauro. Example sentences:

- Unofanira kuuya kumusangano mangwana / Unofanira kuuya kumusangano mangwana.

- The miti vanofanira zvizhinji mushana / Plants vanofanira kugamuchira guru uwandu chezuva.

- Ndinonakidzwa mapati, kana ndine kuita kutaura / Ndinonakidzwa mapati, asi chete bedzi Handina kutaura chero mashoko.

- Anofanira kuenda kuwana basa / Achava kutamira kuwana basa.

Okuti kudiwa sechipo mafungiro mutauri

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, panodikanwa kuti kuudza modal verbs 'anofanira / vanofanira' uye 'kunofanira'. Kana totaura kwamuri achiratidza maonero pamusoro nokubatira chimiro vamwe chiito zvaizova zvakakodzera 'kunofanira'. Kunyange zvazvo izvi hazvirevi kuti zvachose zvose zviitiko kushandiswa inogona huviri chete nzvimbo separative - mumwe apo munhu anodavira kuti zvakaitwa munhu anofanirwa kuita chinhu, uye kuita zvavanofunga sezvo chikamu ezvinhu, uye kuti apo mamiriro ezvinhu anotova kudiwa, uye munyori achangobva vataura izvozvo. Zvisinei, muna Kazhinji, zvinonzi akacherechedza izvi musimboti zvikuru amorphous uye shanduka ezvinhu zvinowa- anotaurwa 'kuti', asi zvikuru inoomesera 'vanofanira'. Zvisinei, ukama kunoratidzirwa kushandisa 'vanofanira', uye neolitsetvorennye ezvinhu - 'kuti'.

- I kungwarira chaizvo kwete chakamutsamwisa / ndinofanira kungwarira chaizvo kwete chakamutsamwisa.

- Tinofanira kudya tisati taenda / Tinofanira kudya usati akadonhera mugwagwa.

- Anofanira kurega kushanda zvakaoma kudaro / Anofanira kurega kushanda kusakara.

Kudiwa ari kupiwa ezvinhu

Kana iwe konstatiruete chokwadi kana mashoko yakashuma pasinei munhu anofanira kutora mamwe matanho kuti zvoga kushandisa modal verbs 'anofanira / kuti'.

- Vane kubhadhara bhiri kubudikidza China / Vane mari yacho kusvikira China.

- Ane kuenda zvino / zvino iye anofanira kuenda.

Munguva pamusoro mienzaniso, munyori anoti "vanofanira kubhadhara zvikwereti" uye "anofanira kuenda," asi kwezvakatipoteredza zvokunze, uye kwete pfungwa nemaonero nemunyori.

Zvakakosha kuona imwe nguva - nokuti zvinhu nekorasi zvakasikwa, kunyanya pachiimbwa adverbs iyo kutaura kakawanda, akadai 'kakawanda / kakawanda', 'nguva dzose / nguva, nguva dzose', 'nguva dzose / ravaranda, akaisa, sezvo mutemo , modal verbs hwakakwana kuitika chokuti ( 'anofanira / kuti').

- Ndinogara kuita kunotenga / I nguva dzose kuenda kunotenga.

- Unofanira Kazhinji kumirira nguva kuti bhazi / Une nguva dzose kumirira nguva yokuti bhazi.

Pano rinoreva enguva dzose, uye zviri yemanyorero kushandiswa pavanoparidza adverbs yakapiwa pamusoro vari vaviri nguva zvezvinangwa.

rupokano

Kune nzvimbo umo kushandisa kana ava modal zviviri verbs kunokosha. The inokosha Musiyano aripo, semuenzaniso, mune zvakaipa. Kuvaka negation of 'vanofanira' uye kuti chinhu chinofanira kuitwa kana hazvifaniri kuitika, akawedzera PARTICIPLE 'kwete'. A kupfupiswa shanduro achaonekwa ari 'usaba'.

-Ndimi haafaniri kutaura zvematongerwo enyika / Haufaniri kutaura zvematongerwo enyika.

-ivo haufaniri kuziva kuti ndakabva pano / havazivi kuti ndakauya pano.

Kuvaka nokumunyima yokushandisa modal verbs 'anofanira / kuti', uye vanoti munhu haafaniri chaunoita, isu hurukuro ebetsero rechiito 'kuita' nenzira yakakodzera nenzira, uye kuti zviri kuwedzera NEGATIVE PARTICIPLE 'kwete'.

- Haufaniri kutaura zvematongerwo enyika / Haufaniri kutaura zvematongerwo enyika.

- Havafaniri kuwana kuti ndakabva pano / Havafaniri kufunga kuti ndakabva pano.

'Havafaniri' uye 'kwete kuti' vari kuramba

Zvisinei, 'usaita' uye 'kwete kuti' hazvireve zvakafanana mwero kuzvipira. C 'usaba' chinotaura chii muiti havafaniri imwe chiito, ukuwo 'kwete kuti' kumusunungura kudiwa chiito ichi, asi anobvumira kuti, kana kutsvakwa, zvinonzi, zvakadaro, unogona kuva rakatangwa.

Zvinokoshawo kuziva kuti 'vanofanira' nokuti izyasneniya vanoda kana kuita chinhu bvumidzwa chete mune chipo uye nezveramangwana ezvirevanguva. Kuti tiratidze kukosha kare, kazhinji kuita 'aifanira'.

- Aifanira abate matanhatu o'clock chitima / Aifanira abate matanhatu o'clock chitima.

- I aifanira kupfeka suit / ndaifanira kupfeka sutu.

interrogative mitsara

Kana modal verbs mu Chirungu vanobatanidzwa kuti kubvunza mubvunzo kuti aite / neobyazatelstve, interrogative mamiriro zvakavakwa kushandisa ebetsero rechiito 'kuita', riri ino kutorarama wechitatu munhu muuzhinji priobreaet chimiro 'anoita', uye zvatoitika - 'akaita'.

-? Kakawanda sei une vatenge peturu nokuti motokari / kakawanda sei uchida kutenga peturu kuti motokari yako?

-? Ane kutora refu saka kuti agadzirire / Iye chaizvo kuti nguva yakawanda yokugadzirira?

-? Chii chaunoda kuita / Chii chauri kuita?

-? Hamusati kunge pane imwe o'clock / Hauna kuva ikoko neawa?

Nzvimbo 'vane' mune mubvunzo

Saizvozvowo, mashoko okuti apo akaita inversion uye Predicate nyaya inobatanidza 'vane' somunhu chokukomborerwa ukuru kuzvipira, kazhinji kururama. Somuenzaniso, hazvibviri kutaura subtext ichi inotevera mutsetse: '? Kakawanda sei kuti kutenga peturu / kakawanda sei uchida kutenga peturu'

'Wati Hunofanira' zvisina kutaurirana

In kurongwa Chirungu, unogona kushandisa 'magamuchira kuti', 'kuti'. Kuderera yakarongwa modal verbs muna Chirungu, mienzaniso:

- Unofanira zvanyanyisa nechokwadi muchamuudzei / Tebe chete vanofanira nechokwadi muchamuudzei.

- Iye hwakava kuona chiremba / iye inoda chiremba.

- Wati kuenda saka nokukurumidza / here kusiya zvakadaro nokukurumidza?

Kunyange zvakadaro yokutsiva haasi kazhinji kuitwa kokupedzisira, uye vanoti hapana 'vawana kuti', uye 'aifanira'.

- Aifanira kuziva / Angadai kuzivikanwa.

- Ndaifanira kupa iye mari / ndaifanira kupa iye mari.

Kuzvitsinhanisa iri pamberi modal rechiito wechipiri

In Chirungu, unogona kuisa modal verbs maviri mukati chete Predicate. Rechiito 'fanira' ndizvo modal, ukuwo modal verbs 'anofanira / ku' - kwete chokwadi, kunyange vaine zvizhinji nezviratidzo modality. verbs yakadaro inonzi semimodalnymi. Anoenderana semantically, ndiko kuti, kuita yakati basa, vachitsanangura ukama pakati mutambi uye chiito, asi kwete maererano nemitemo yomutauro dies kana regai zvakakwana zvinoenderana nemitemo wokushandiswa modal glaogov. Saka, kana mutsetse unoshandiswa mumwe rechiito modal, haugoni kuisa 'vanofanira', unofanira kushandisa chete 'kuti'. Mamiriro ezvinhu akafanana anovapo pane ezvinhu apo unofanira kushandisa kana pashure '-ing'-munhu yokutengesa rechiito, kana kare PARTICIPLE kana' to'-kuitika chokuti. Mushure modal rechiito kunodiwa inokosha chimiro, saka somuenzaniso, nomuenzaniso, chete 'kuti' kufanana semimodalny rechiito mumutauro Chirungu. Mienzaniso chinja:

- Vanogona kunge ngaitorwe cheki / Pane mukana kuti kwavari zvinokwanisika kubhadhara chete cheki.

- Iye kugunun'una zvakawanda nezvokuva kugara muareka / Iye kunetseka chaizvo nezvokuti aifanira kugara kunze.

- I angadai aifanira kuenda kuburikidza London / ndaifanira inosvika kuburikidza yose London.

- Haadi kuti kuita zvakafanana basa zuva nezuva / Haana kunyanya kufanana nezvaanazvo kuti vyponyat chete basa zuva nezuva.

Sezvo tinogona kuona, sezvo wokutanga rechiito modal anogona kuita uye kwete chaiyo modal rechiito uye rechiito, azadzise basa rakakodzera Zvisinei yokutsiva muzviitiko izvi unodiwawo.