Amoeba Proteus: mukirasi, dzinogarisana, mapikicha. Sezvo amoeba inofamba naro?

Animals, kufanana zvinenge zvose, muri pamwero yakasiyana-siyana musangano. Mumwe wavo ari muchitokisi, uye ayo chairwo mumiririri - Amoeba Proteus. Features vayo marongerwo uye inoshanda funga mamwe mashoko.

Subkingdom unicellular

Pasinei chokwadi kuti ichi boka enderana anosanganisa kupfuura chinyakare mhuka, ayo mhando kusiyana akatotanga asvika 70 marudzi. Kudivi rimwe, zvechokwadi chinonyanya nyore akaronga nevamiririri hwemhuka nyika. Kune mamwe - chiri akasiyana marongerwo. Chimbofungidzira: mumwe, dzimwe nguva nemaziso, sero rinogona kuita zvinokosha zvose pezvakaitwa ari: kufema, kufamba, uye kubereka. Amoeba Proteus (mufananidzo anoratidza mufananidzo wake pasi chiedza maikorosikopu) chaiwo mumiririri subkingdoms nyore. miganhu yacho padikidiki kusvika 20 microns.

Amoeba Proteus: Class maprotozoa

Zita iri mhuka marudzi zvinopupurira padanho sangano rayo, sezvo Proteus zvinoreva "nyore." Asi mhuka chinyakare? Amoeba Proteus ndiye mumiririri boka zvipenyu zvinokambaira achishandisa vasiri zvachose outgrowths cytoplasm. Saizvozvowo kufamba uye masero eropa Hauoneki kuti vanoumba masoja womunhu gadziriro. Ndivo vakadanwa leukocytes. mamirire kufamba kwavo rinonzi - amoeboid.

In worudzii kwezvakatipoteredza inogarwa Amoeba Proteus

Ichi muviri nyore anosarudza kurarama yakachena uye munyu nemvura. A zvikuru mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka kuti waterlogging, kuorera mazviri sezvo kwacho kunoda guru nhamba mabhakitiriya, izvo zvokudya pamusoro majemusi izvi. Zvisinei, zvarinotaura panyaya nemanyoka anonzwa akasununguka muna lumen womunhu ura. Pakutanga zvingaita sokuti chinhu parasitic rudzi. Asi pfungwa iyi yakakanganiswa. Kuva iri ura, twuchidya dzakasiyana-siyana utachiona uye hapana chakaipa kuti munhu kunounza. Asi kana muura akashamiswa amoeba anopinda midziyo ropa uye ropa inotanga kufura masero matsvuku eropa. Panyaya iyi, masvingo akaumba maronda. Utachiwana manyoka amoeba anogona, uchishandisa mvura mbishi, miriwo tsvina uye muchero.

Vanogara kusvibiswa mvura Amoeba Proteus akasakuvara munhu kunounza. dzinogarisana ichi ndicho zvakakodzera, nokuti chete zvinoda basa rinokosha mune cheni zvokudya.

STRUCTURAL zvinhu

Amoeba Proteus ndiye mumiririri kirasi, asi subkingdoms unicellular zvinenge. saizi yayo zvakaoma rinosvika 0,05 mm. Akashama ziso unogona kuonekwa aine haawanzotauri oneka nebundu mondo. Asi zvose mikuru muchitokisi organelles vachava kuonekwa chete pasi chiedza maikorosikopu panguva pamatunhu magnification.

Pemvura Amoeba proteus masero chikwata anomirirwa muchitokisi Kamudzira, riri kwazvo elasticity. Inside pane Semi-mvura kugutsikana - cytoplasm. Inofamba dzose nguva, kukonzera paumbwe prolegs. Amoeba - eukaryotic mhuka. Izvi zvinoreva kuti majini zvinhu racho akanyudzwa mukati core.

The kwebasa nyore

Sezvo amoeba inofamba naro? Izvi zvinoitwa nevanhu vasiri zvachose outgrowths cytoplasm. Iye chinoita kuti vaumbe protrusion. Zvino zvakanaka runoyerera kupinda cytoplasm kupinda muchitokisi. Pseudopodia wakavhomorwa uye kuumbwa kumwewo. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, Amoeba Proteus haana muviri zvachose chimiro.

chikafu

Amoeba proteus anokwanisa phage uye pinocytosis. Absorção de Água ichi dzinotsanagura muchitokisi nezvishoma uye mvura, ukuwo. Rinodya nemaziso algae, mabhakitiriya uye majemusi zvakafanana-zvinenge. Amoeba Proteus (Photo pazasi chinoratidza chokunyengera zvokudya muitiro) zvakavapoteredza netsoka dzake dzenhema. Uyezve, zvokudya riri mukati muchitokisi. Around rwunotanga kuumba zvomudumbu vacuole. Nokuda zvomudumbu makemikari wakanamatira nezvimedu, woga nomuviri, uye undigested vakasara vanobviswa kubudikidza membrane. Phagocytosis neropa leukocytes kuparadza pathogenic nezvimedu rakapinza mumwe nguva muvanhu nemhuka. Kana masero aya haana kudzivirirwa panzira Utachiona, upenyu hwaizova zvinenge zvisingaiti.

Kuwedzera kune unyanzvi hwakasiyana organelles romugove ari cytoplasm uye kudzorwe pamusoro. Izvi non-zvachose muchitokisi mamiriro. Vanounganidza ari cytoplasm, apo pane mamiriro ezvinhu anodiwa ichi. Uye zvekushandisa, kana ichi chinoitika unokosha kunofanirawo. Izvi zviyo starch uye lipid mumate.

mweya

Amoeba Proteus, uyewo zvose zvinenge kuroora-celled, haana unyanzvi hwakasiyana organelles kuita chirongwa kufema. It anoshandisa okisijeni zvazvichanyungudutswa mvura kana zvimwe zvokunwa, kana totaura amoebae inowanikwa nezvimwe zvinhu. Gas Exchange kunoitika kuburikidza pemvura chikwata amoeba. Sero Kamudzira iri permeable kuti okisijeni uye carbon dioxide.

kubereka

Nokuti amoeba kunoratidzwa asexual kubereka. Kureva, weboka huviri masero. Izvi zviri kuitwa chete panguva inodziya mwedzi. It kunoitika mumatanho dzakawanda. First yakakamurwa core. It Anotambanudza akaparadzaniswa nevanhu constriction. Somugumisiro chete musimboti rakaumbwa zviviri zvakafanana. The cytoplasm ukabva pakati pavo. Its mhete-akakombwa nzvimbo yakapoteredza musimboti, dzikaumba masero mbiri itsva. Contractile vacuole ndomumwe wavo, uye mumwe ayo inotungamirwa kunoitika zvakare. The Kupesana anotora nzvimbo achishandisa mitosis, saka mwanasikana masero vari chaiyo kopi mubereki. amoeba kubereka kwacho kunoitika nokukurumidza zvikuru: kanoverengeka pazuva. Zvokuti hunotarisira mumwe nomumwe upenyu iwayo diki.

kumanikidzwa chengetedzo

amoebae Most vanowanikwa hwemvura zvakatipoteredza. Mairi mumwe uwandu yakanyauka munyu. Ndoda zviri pafuma iri cytoplasm zviri nyore. Saka, mvura inofanira kuuya kubva kunzvimbo yakakwirira wevasungwa mashoko akananga kumwewo. Ndivo mitemo wefizikisi. Panyaya iyi, muviri mumwe amoeba angadai hombodo kubva kuunyoro hwakawandisa. Asi ichi hariwanikwi nokuda kuitwa unyanzvi contractile vacuole. Vanobvisa mvura zvakawandisa chete munyu yakanyauka mariri. Panguva iyoyo wavanotipa homeostasis - kwerunyararo ari kugara pakati dzomunyika kwezvakatipoteredza.

Chii chinonzi chikofu

Amoeba Proteus, uyewo mamwe nyore, zvikuru kujairana zvakaitika rwakashata ezvinhu. Sero wake akarega kudya, kusimba zvipenyu zvose zvirimo zvinoderedza, muviri kwamira. Amoeba anomira kukamuka. It akafuka gobvu goko uye chimiro ichi anotakura vanoshorwa nguva ipi urefu. Izvi zvinoitika ose matsutso nguva nenguva uye pakatanga kupisa unicellular muviri unotanga kufema nokukurumidza, zvokudya uye tinobereka. Zvimwechete chingaitika iri warm mwedzi, pakatanga kwemvura. Paumbwe cysts ane mumwe zvaanoreva. It iri yokuti vagumirwe anotakura amoebae mhepo pamusoro madaro marefu, Russell ichi marudzi.

kugumbuka

Chokwadi, pane tsinga kuti majemusi izvi hapana mubvunzo, nekuti muviri wavo une sero rimwe chete. Zvisinei, pfuma iyi zvose zvipenyu kubva amoeba proteus akaratidza dziri Taxis. Iri izwi rinoreva kuti apindure mikana yakawanda yokukurudzira akasiyana kuita mhando. Vanogona kuva akanaka. Somuenzaniso, amoeba zvakajeka kutamira akananga zvekudya. Fani iyi iri Chokwadi kunogona kuenzaniswa hunenge zvemhuka. Mienzaniso yakaipa nemuchovha ndiyo inofamba Amoeba proteus kubva sechiedza, kubva kunzvimbo yakakwirira salinity kana zvemaziso kuitika. Kwaniso iyi ndicho kuchikonzerwa unodzivirira ukoshi.

Saka Amoeba Proteus chaiwo mumiririri subkingdoms nyore kana kuroorwa-celled. Ichi boka remhuka ndiyo chinyakare akaronga. muviri wavo rinoumbwa sero rimwe chete, asi anokwanisa kuita mabasa yose muviri: kufema, kudya, bereka, kufamba, vakaitei mikana yakawanda yokukurudzira uye mamiriro ipa zvakatipoteredza. Amoeba proteus zvinhu zvipenyu chikamu yakachena uye munyu nemvura, asi anokwanisa kugara nevamwe zvinenge. Zvakasikwa, zviri ubatanidzwe ichitanga nyaya uye kubatana inokosha cheni zvokudya, ari hwaro zhinji plankton madziva.