An orchids anokosha. Marudzi e orchids. White Orchid: Kutarisira Kumba

Kutaura kuti orchids yakave yakakurumbira zvikuru uye inowanzo mudzimba dzedu uye dzimba - hazvisi izvo zvingataura. Vanounganidzwa, vanoratidzwa sechiratidzo chetsitsi kana sechipo, vanoyemurwa navo. Nzvimbo inokosha pakati pehupamhi huno huri nemasikari anokosha, ane mavara akawanda. Kuwana kutsamwa kusina kugadzikana, asi zvakadaro zvakakunda rudo rwevarimi vemaruva.

Ndeapi maruva anokosha akasiyana kubva kune anowanzoitwa?

Kunyanya nokuti vanokura kwete nekuda kwemaruva makuru makuru, asi nekuda kwemashizha akanaka, ane ruvara rwepamusoro uye mhemberero yakasiyana-siyana yematanda pairi. Maoriki anokosha anowanzove neondlescript inflorescence, asi ane unhu hwakanaka uye hunofadza. Muvara wemashizha anosiyana-siyana zvichienderana nemhando, inogona kuva silvery, emerald kana kuti chiedza chemavara, chizere nemuchiriki, tsvuku uye kunyange inenge yakasviba. Mipfupa inogara ichinyorwa muhupano hwakasiyana, inogadzira chimwe chinhu chakafanana nemicheka yakazaruka yakagadzirwa negoridhe, sirivha, ndarira kana mutsvuku. Mhando dzakakura dzemaruva orchidhi dzeboka iri risingaenzaniswi dzinomiririrwa nejeri rinotevera: Gemaria (Ludizia), Makodes, Anektokhilyus, Dossinia, Gudayera, Heyrostilis, Malaxis, Sarkoglotis. Kune dzimwe, asi hazviwanzoitiki mumutauro wemusha uye zvishoma zvingazivikanwa.

Ndekupi kunoshongedza maitiro orchids kubva?

Maari orchids anokosha mumutoro mukuru ndeavo vagari vemvura yakanyorovesa, mvura, inotyisa yeJapan, China, India, Vietnam, uye dzimwe nyika yeSoutheast Asia. Inogonawo kuwanika kuMadagascar iri kure, inopfuma mumarudzi akasiyana-siyana, muNew Zealand, Brazil. Mamwe marudzi e orchids ane mashizha anoyevedza, somuenzaniso gudayera anotamba, anowanikwa kunyange munyika dzeScandinavia.

Rod Ludisia: tsanangudzo pfupi

Uyu ndiwo mhando yezvakazara, inozivikanwa kare seGemaria. Nyika yekuMexico, China, Vietnam uye Sumatra. Munzvimbo yakasikwa, zvinomera zvinokura pazvinyoro zvinotapira matanda, zvakasiyana nemasikisi mashoma (anenge 15 cm). Kune vamiririri vemajeri, ruzha rwechimiro rwemasimba makuru ndiwo unhu, hunokonzerwa nekukwirira kwemashizha maduku. Panhengo imwe neimwe inenge mashizha mashanu, ane maorivhi kana ruvara rwepepuru, ine nzvimbo yekuyera uye yeguru. Kuyera - anenge masendimita manomwe murefu uye 3-4 cm muhupamhi. Rhizome yakasimbiswa zvikuru uye yakagadzirwa zvakanaka. Maruva haatauri, zviduku, anoonekwa parefu peduncle. Havasi vashoma kudarika vamwe vehama, asi vakanaka, nekunhuhwirira kwakashata.

Kana kuenzaniswa nezvimwe zvipenyu, zvino iyi ndiyo ingangodaro isiriki yakanyanyisa. Imba yeimba inofanana naye, inotonhorera kumvura yakadzika muimba, asi ichiri kukanganisa maitiro ake. Muimba yefloriculture, iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeye-mavara maviri-dudisia (inoratidzwa pamusoro apa).

Genus Macodes: Tsanangudzo

Iri jenisi rinosanganisira miti yepasi uye epiphytic, uyewo ine sympodial branching. Nyika yekwokukura kwavo ndiyo masango anotonhora eOceania neSouth-East Asia. Sekuvaka mbeu, inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeyeMacodes Pétola (inofanirwa).

Mashizha ayo ane ruvara rwemavara uye ruvara rwegoridhe. Ukuru hwemiti yacho chiduku, chete masendimita 7-8 muhupamhi, tsanga dzinopararira pamusoro pepasi pe substrate. Mukati, inonzwa zvakanaka, asi inokura zvishoma nezvishoma. Kunyanya kuzvininipisa kana orchid. Kuwa mashizha, kana iwe uchibvumira kuoma kwakasimba kwevhu, uchirasikirwa chero chinhu chipi zvacho chinoratidzira.

The genus Dossinia

Anamashikiti anokosha ejeri iri anomiririrwa nemhando imwe chete - dossinia yemarble. Ichi ndicho chirimwa chepasi uye chine nyama inofamba inopararira pasi pe substrate. Nyika yekune dzimwe nyika inotyisa muIndonesia. Aya haasi makuru kwazvo pakakwirira (10 cm) orchids. Mabhesi, zvisinei, anowanikwa pakareba pedoncle (kusvika pamasendimita 30), uye maruva ane ruvara rune ruvara rwemuchena. Chinhu chinokosha chokushongedza chinomiririrwa nemashizha makuru emvura. Vane pfuma yakawanda yemuorivhi ruvara rwemavara, chimiro chekuvhota nehutano hwakananga uye ruvara rukuru rwemidhi-jaini vhuini.

Mhuri Anektokhilos

Maererano nenzira yevamiriri vehupenyu hwemhando yepamusoro-siyana yepasi uye kunyanya kazhinji lithophytes (kukura pamatombo). Anamashiki anokosha ejenasi iyi anenge akaderera zvikuru pakati pehama dzavo. Kukura kusvika 10 cm muhupamhi, uye kunokamba kunokonzera nemashizha makuru, sekunge akaitwa nevelvet. Nzvimbo iyi inowanzova ruvara rwechiganda , kana ruvara kana tsvuku. Dzimwe nguva vanoumba hutete hwakanyanya, ipapo ruvara rwepamusoro pebhizha rinenge rakachena. Orchid yakazara inenge isinganzwisisiki, sekunge yakavakirwa kubva pasimbi. Muzvitoro iwe unowanzowana anektokhylus akanaka kana mavara. Ichokwadi chekukura ndicho chidimbu chekusajekeswa nguva yechando dormancy.

Rod Goodyear

Vamiririri veGudier genus ndiyo inowanikwa pasi pose, mumatambudziko akasiyana-epiphytes. Mashizha aya emhando dzakasiyana dzakasvibirira, mitsetse yemaketeni inopisa kana yakachena. Orchid gudayera bristly (hyslid) ndiyo inowanikwa mumutauro womukati.

Mufananidzo wacho unoratidza kuti mashizha e-lanceolate akaunganidzwa mumatope akaoma, ane ruvara ruvara rwemavara ane bluish tint uye micheka yakajeka-yakachena mesh yemidziyo. Nzvimbo yepanyama inzvimbo yakaderera yemasango anotonhora eVietnam neIndia. Mashizha anokura makuru, masendimita 7-8 murefu, mavara akasiyana kubva pagorosi yakachena kusvika kune ruvara rwepenki. Kakawanda kazhinji mumusika unogona kuwana gurayer zvinokambaira, mesh uye fluffy. Mazita anoita kuti vaonekwe. Iko rudzi rwekutanga rwakatotaurwa kare, rune mamwe maitiro. Saka, somuenzaniso, mbeu dzeanchid gudayers zvinokambaira zviduku zvokuti kune chiedza chakakwana chemafunguro ekufambisa. Chimwe chiitiko chinonakidza ndechokuti hazviitiki mumasango maduku, asi muchembera, masango akare.

Zita reMhuri Malaxis

Zita rechipiri rejusheni ndiro Myakotnica, iro rinotaura zvakananga nezvekugadzirisa kwemashizha emiti iyi. Izvo nhamba yemhando inenge mazana matatu, inokura pamakondinendi ose. Aya orchids haana kukodzera kumusha-akakwidziridzwa, asi pane dzimwe nguva akasangana. Somuenzaniso, malaxis zvakanaka (mumufananidzo). Yakaparadzanisa mashizha e-brownish nemitsetse yakachena mitsvuku.

Genera isingazivikanwi uye zvisikwa

Irojeri Heyrostilis inomiririrwa mumasikirwo nemarudzi makumi mashanu. Iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa neheyrostylis chiChinese, zita rechipiri ndiro "grey mouse" yakapiwa nokuda kwechinhu chakasiyana-siyana-grey marara emashizha.

Vamiririri vejenus Sarkoglottis (inoratidzirwa) vashanyi vashoma zvikuru muzvitoro. Ivo vanokoshesa nokuda kwemavara akanaka kwazvo emashizha, haasi mavara chete, asi mavara ekusiyanisa shades nesimbi yesimbi. Mumiririri akakurumbira sarco-glottis scepeteroid.

Orchids yemuviri weZevsin ane magetsi mashizha mashizha masvizha, ayo akazara nezvibvu zvisiri uye tsvina.

Zvikamu zvekutarisira

Maoriki anokosha akasiyana zvakasiyana, uye chimwe nechimwe chine zvido zvayo zvinoda kuchengetwa. Asi pane zvizere, mitemo inokosha, inotevera:

• Sezvokutanga, shandisa mishonga yakakosha nekuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwe peat uye sphagnum, substrate inofanira kurega mumhepo uye panguva imwechete kuchengetedza unyoro. Iko iyo inofanira kuva yakafara uye yakadzika, ine masango emvura.
• Nzvimbo yakarurama ndeyekuti, kutanga, pasina chine chiedza chakajeka, asi chinongopararira (hafu-mumvuri), kutonhora kwezuva kunobvumirwa mangwanani nepamanheru; Chechipiri, kure nemhepo inopisa.
• Orchid muchando inoda kuwedzera kujekesa, zuva rekuyera rinofanira kupera maawa gumi nemaviri, kana zvisati zvaitika zvinotanga kutambanudza uye kurasikirwa nekushongedza.

• Kunwisa nemvura chete inononoka mangwanani nemasikati, kudzivisa kupinda mune axils yemashizha. Zvakakosha kuedza kuchengetedza zvakanakira kuenzanisa kwehuputi, kusabvumira kuwedzerwa kwaro, zvisati zvichitungamirira kune chokwadi chokuti midzi ye orchids inotanga kuora.
• Iyo yakanakira kupisa kwemhepo muzhizha ndeyedzigiri makumi maviri masikati uye inenge 20 usiku, munguva yechando mifananidzo yacho inoderedzwa zvishoma. Kudonhorera kukuru mukati mezuva kuchakurudzira maruva.
• Mazhinji orchids anokosha anosarudza nzvimbo yakavharwa ne microclimate inokosha mukati; Ita iri muimba yacho nyore nyore kana pane yekare aquarium kana girasi duku.
• Mbeu dzeOrchid ikozvino dzakanyanya nyore kuwana, kunyanya kuburikidza neIndaneti (iyo inonyanya kugovera ndiChina), asi humwe huwandu hunoita hahupi hunova nemigumisiro yakanaka, saka zviri nani kuti zviparidze ivo vegetatively kana kutenga muchitoro pasina kuparadza nguva.
• Kudyara kwemazhizha kunobvira kuburikidza nemubatsiro weapical cuttings, uye mune dzimwe mhando mushure mokuputika mumashizha axils inowanikwa mwana (gudayer orchid).
• Kunyoroka kunokosha, saka zvinomera zvinoda kugara zvichisaswa, kuiswa pasi pemvura inoshambidza, kufanana nemvura inopisa.
• Izvo zvakanyanya pakati pevarimi vasina ruzivo ndechikonzero chekuti nei orchid inoshanduka tsvuku. Panogona kunge pane mhinduro dzakawanda, zvikonzero zvakajeka ndezvakawanda zvakanyanyisa (panguva imwe chete, kazhinji pane zviratidzo zvekuora) kana kusakosha kwayo (kunobatanidza nekuputika kwemashizha), zuva rezuva (nzvimbo yemo).

Kutenga maruva aya anoshamisa uye asinganzwisisiki muzvitoro kana kutora ivo sechipo, isu kazhinji hatizivi zita remaruvaki. Nokudaro, kuonekwa kwemuenzi wekutsvaira muimba kunofanira kutanga nekuzivana. Kusarudza mhando uye marudzi emiti, iwe uri kuita matanho ekutanga kukura kwayo kubudirira.

Orchids nemashizha anoyevedza anogona kuva chishongo cheimba ipi neipi. Iyi ndiyo michero yakaisvonaka yezvivako zviduku, pamwe chete nekona yakanaka uye isina kujairika yekona mumvura yekare ye aquarium - zvose zvinotarisana zvachose pamafungiro ako.