Apo Peter akaberekwa 1, pfupi Biography, ushe

The kudzidza wenyaya "Unhu Peter 1" kunokosha kunzwisisa kwavo risati raguma kuchinja mu Russia. Pashure pezvose, kwedu nyika ine monarchical chehurumende kazhinji chimiro, unhu uye paumbwe mambo akatsunga chikuru mutsara socio-enyika kukura. Kutonga uku chevaux rinofukidza chaizvo refu yenguva: muna 1689 (apo akanga pakupedzisira kubviswa paruzhinji mabasa hanzvadzi yake Sophia), uye asati afa muna 1725.

General zvechadenga yaitonga

Nehanya pamusoro apo Peter akaberekwa 1 inofanira kutanga kuongorora kuti mukuru nhoroondo ezvinhu Russia pakupera XVII - pakutanga XVIII remakore. Yaiva nguva apo nyika iri raibva preconditions kuti chakakura uye yakadzama enyika, zvoupfumi, magariro chinja. Nechekare paitonga Alexei Mikhailovich pachena wakadaro kuitika kune kupinda kuWestern kubudirira European munyika. At mutongi chete akatorwa dzakawanda matanho kuchinja zvimwe mumagariro upenyu.

Naizvozvo, munhu Peter 1 yakaumbwa panguva apo munzanga akazivisa zvakajeka pfungwa kudiwa zvakakomba kuchinja. Panyaya iyi, zvinofanira kunzwisiswa kuti rokuchinja basa wokuRussia Emperor wokutanga haana kuzviratidza pasina, raiva dzinongoitika uye chinodiwa mugumisiro zvose yapfuura kukura munyika.

udiki

Peter 1, pfupi Biography, utungamiriri uye kuchinja izvo nyaya pakudzokorora uku, akaberekwa musi May 30 (9 June) muna 1672. Nzvimbo chaiwo kuberekwa ramangwana pamambo haizivikanwi. A zvakafanana nemaonero pamusoro, nzvimbo iyi zvave Kremlin, asi vanotaurawo kumusha Kolomenskoye uye Izmailovo. Aiva mwana namana mumhuri chevaux Alexei, asi chokutanga kubva mudzimai wake wechipiri, Natali Kirillovny. Peter 1 pamusoro rwaamai mutsetse wakaburuka kubva Naryshkin. Aiva mwanasikana aburuka vanoremekedzwa vezvikwata, izvo zvinogona vakabva zvakafanorongwa kutamburira ravo guru uye vane boka Boyar Miloslavskys mudare, vaiva hama mambo ari mudzimai wake wokutanga.

Childhood Peter 1 akapfuura pakati vanamukoti, asina kumupa dzidzo chakakomba. Ndokusaka zviri kuguma upenyu uye kumbodzidza kuverenga nokunyora, uye kunyora zvikanganiso. Zvisinei, yaiva nechido chaizvo mukomana uyo aifarira zvinhu zvose, akanga ane kubvunzana pfungwa, izvo takatsunga ake kufarira hunobatsira sayenzi. Mugumo XVII remakore, wakati aberekwa, Peter 1, yaiva nguva payakafukidzwa kufukidzwa European dzidzo, asi makore ramangwana mambo okutanga akapfuura kubva nenguva kuitika itsva munzanga madenderedzwa.

kuyaruka

Upenyu Prince akatumira kumusha Chitarisiko, kwaakanga, chokwadi, akanga wangoregwa. Kunyatsofunga kumutsa mukomana haana aidaro mumwe, saka kudzidza kwake kwakanga kwokubatira hunhu makore aya. Asi muduku 1 Petro akanga akapfuma chaizvo uye zvibereko Pakuurayiwa inotungamirwa kwake maonero uye kufarira zvidzidzo zvesayenzi uye inoshanda. Akanga zvinonyatsoda musangano mauto, izvo akandiita Yaunoti kusetsa echiShinto, iro raiva muchivanze vakomana yemo, uyewo vanakomana vanoremekedzwa vezvikwata, waiva nefuma rakanga riri pedyo. Pamwe izvi zviumbu diki akatora chine chokuita nezvakasikwa bastions vakaronga kurwa uye mhosva, ichibereka kurwisa. Pachinhu iyoyo tinogona kutaura kuti paiva rengarava Peter 1. Pakutanga zvakanga chete igwa duku zvishoma, asi zvisinei anonzi kuva baba Russian flotilla.

Matanho zvakakura rokutanga

Takatodzidza kutaurwa kuti nguva yokuberekwa Peter 1, runoonekwa kuva kuchinja munhoroondo Russia. Munguva iyi nyika raikwanisa, apo paiva ose prerequisites zvakakodzera ayo kupinda munyika nhandare. Okutanga matanho akatorwa mu mirayiridzo iyi panguva rwendo kunze yemberi mambo of the Western nyika dzokuEurope. Akabva akakwanisa kupupurira nokubudirira venyika idzi muminda zvoupenyu siyana.

Peter 1, pfupi Biography kunosanganisira Danho rinokosha ichi muupenyu hwake, vaikoshesa nebudiriro Western Europe, kunyanya unyanzvi uye zvombo. Zvisinei, akavhomora nzeve netsika uye dzidzo yenyika idzi, avo zvematongerwo enyika. Paakadzokera Russia, akaita vachiedza modernize yacho administrative midziyo, hondo, mutemo, waiva kugadzirira nyika kupinda akawanda nhandare.

The kutanga pavaipfuura Board: pakutanga zvinhu

Nguva yokuberekwa Peter 1, yaiva regadziriro nguva yokuti mikuru nokuchinja nyika yedu. Ndokusaka kutendeuka wokutanga pamambo akazviratidza saka kusvika uye ruzivo kwemazana emakore musiki kwayo. Pakutanga kwake ushe, mambo mutsva chakagumisa Boyar Duma, waiva zakonosoveschatelnogo simba pasi madzimambo yapfuura. Asi, iye akasika weSeneti of West European womuenzaniso. It aifanira kusangana vakuru pamusoro vaigadzirira mitemo. Achiratidza chokuti pakutanga yaiva pfupi nechiyero, izvo, zvisinei, akaratidza chaizvo: sangano iri rakagara kusvikira February Revolution pakati 1917.

zvimwe transformations

It watopiwa akati Petro 1 uri rwaamai divi kunobva kwete chaizvo vanokudzwa vanokudzwa mhuri. Zvisinei, Akarerwa mai vake vari European mweya, izvo, chokwadi, chakabata mukomana ndiani, kunyange zvazvo mambokadzi iri dzidzo mwanakomana wake vakanamatira tsika maonero uye zviito. Zvisinei mambo akanga atsausa kutendeutsa zvinenge zvose mabhora ose oupenyu Russian munzanga, yaiva chaizvoizvo ari kuitwa zviri nokuda kukunda wokuRussia mbudo kuGungwa reBaltic uye kubudiswa munyika yemarudzi munhandare.

Uye saka Kesari dzakachinjwa kuti administrative midziyo: bhodhi akasika pachinzvimbo mirairo, kuti Revafundisi kuti basa dzechechi munyaya. Uyezve, iye akaumba hondo dzose uye nezvikepe Peter 1 yazova mumwe akasimba pakati mamwe masimba wengarava.

Features anochinja zvinhu

The chikuru chinangwa Mambo akanga kuvandudza idzodzo kuti aifanira kugadzirisa anokosha mabasa panguva kuhondo kuvhiyiwa pamusoro fronts akawanda. Zviripachena akafunga kuti kuchinja uku ichava pfupi. Most kare ano vanobvuma kuti mutongi akanga asiri chakanga chakafanorongwa purogiramu mabasa kuchinja nyika. Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzinofunga kuti akanga achiita maererano nezvinodiwa chaizvo.

Nechinangwa Emperor Kuchinja kune vatsivi vake

Zvisinei, zviri Chiitiko wokuchinja kwake zvinhu nhema chaiyo iri pakuti nezviyero izvi raiita pfupi refu vakapunyuka musiki kwayo uye ariko anenge kuchinja maviri emakore. Uyezve, vatsivi ayo Somuenzaniso, Catherine II, zvikurukuru pfungwa pakubudiririsa payo. Zvinonzi mubati zvinhu asvika panzvimbo uye panguva yakakodzera. Life Peter 1 wakange, chokwadi, iri chakatsaurirwa kushandura uye kuvandudza mabhora siyana munzanga. Zvisinei Akafarira zvose itsva,, nokukwereta nebudiriro West, chokutanga nezvezvatakaitirwa rinobatsira zvahuchaunza Russia. Ndokusaka ake rokuchinja basa kwenguva refu nguva aishanda muenzaniso kuchinja mukutonga mamwe madzimambo.

Ukama nevamwe

Mukutsanangura hunhu wamambo kumbokanganwa kuti chii rudzi zvaiva boyar Petro 1. rwaamai divi akanga wakaburuka kubva kwete kwazvo-kuzvarwa kwamachinda kuti zvichida akatsunga ake kufarira kwete kwamachinda, uye zvemashoko munhu yababa wayo kukwanisa kushumira. The Emperor haana kukosha chinzvimbo uye musoro, uye yakananga matarenda avo pasi. Izvi zvinoratidza nevanhu kusvika kuna Peter I kuvanhu, pasinei ake wakaoma uye kunyange hasha.

makore pakati

Mumakore achangopfuura, upenyu mambo akatsvaka kusimbisa Kubudirira kubudirira. Asi pano akanga ane zvinetso zvakakomba pamwe mugari wenhaka. Dynastic dambudziko pashure zvakaipa chaizvo nezvainoita enyika utariri uye kwakaita kuti nematambudziko zvakakomba munyika. Chokwadi kuti mwanakomana Peter, Tsarevich Alexei vakandorwa baba vake, haana kuda kuramba kuchinja ake. Mukuwedzera, mambo aiva nezvinetso zvakakomba mumhuri. Asi, akava nechokwadi kuvaka pamusoro kubudirira akagamuchira musoro mambo, uye Russia akava umambo. Kutama akamutsa dzakawanda mukurumbira wenyika yedu. Uyezve, Peter A. Russia yabudirira kuziva mbudo kuGungwa reBaltic, waiva zvinokosha kuti kukura wezvokutengeserana uye nezvikepe. Gare gare, vatsivi vake vakaramba mutemo munyika mirayiridzo iyi. Under Catherine II Somuenzaniso, Russia kuwana kweGungwa Dema. Mambo akafa yematambudziko kubva chikosoro uye asati afa asina akaita kuda, izvo zvakazoita kuti chidzoke dzakawanda venhema kusvikira choumambo, uye akadzokorora youmambo pachigaro nechisimba.