Big rutanda mitemo, kana munhu "guru chimuti" Mutemo. Chii?

Kamwe Teodor Ruzvelt akataura mashoko okuti: Big rutanda itsika. It anoshandura chaizvoizvo se "guru rutanda itsika". Mashoko wava anofanana. Zviri pachena chaizvo uye inorondedzerwa zvakajeka unhu States vakananga kwavo vavakidzani mukutanga remakore rechi20. Ngatione kuti chii akapa "guru rutanda mutemo" marudzi Latin America, uye dzimwe nhengo dzakawanda.

tsananguro

Vakachera mune zvematongerwo Directories, kuwana tsanangudzo pfupi pamusoro nhoroondo mashoko edu. United States pakutanga remakore rapfuura, undoisa chinangwa kuti vabudirire zvachose ukuru mu dzokuMadokero Hemisphere. Nokuti ichi uye vaida dzidziso huru makirabhu. US Gwaro kwakanga sezvinotevera. Kana kuvaka ukama navo vaiva pachena kuipa Nhaurirano vakavakidzana nyika, navo pamwe zvakazara vanotyisidzirwa. Kureva, kana zvimwe inoti havadi kuteerera, saka aigona nezvinoda rakashama kupindira. Panovhurwa American vamiriri havana kutyisidzira munhu. Asi "guru rutanda mutemo" zvakavapo chinyorwa pamusoro US kodzero utsinye mune zvimwe zviitiko yakazonyorwa sechivimbiso vavakidzani rubatsiro dambudziko ezvinhu. Roosevelt kutora dzidziso iyi muna 1901. Muhurukuro yake akataura chirevo, "Taura akanyatsosvika, asi chengeta mumaoko guru rutanda, uye uchaenda kure." Izvi West African uchenjeri uye akapa zita US wokuti nguva. Yaishandiswa sezvazviri, kune rumwe rutivi, kukura mune simba nyika, pane dzimwe - kudzivirira misika kubva vadyidzani ayo European.

Big rutanda US upfumi kumashure

Pakazosvika ramakumi remakore, States vava huru maindasitiri uye okurima simba. Makambani zvakatanga kunetsa munyika. Kuti tikudziridze uye zvinowedzera mari zvavaida kuwedzera chokunze. Nechepedyo pane nyika asingagoni kukwikwidzana United States iri zveupfumi zviratidzo. Kuti uzive, izvo zvinoreva guru rutanda, unofanira kuva retrospective nzira. Muridzi yamakungwa, zvino, ndiye United Kingdom. Kusvikira pakuguma namapfumbamwe remakore , simba iri mberi vose, uye nemashoko zvoupfumi. States chaizvo akarwa yeBritain nokuda simba. Uye mavambo remakore rechi20 zvakabatsira vamwe nemigumisiro. Vakaita Inoziva munharaunda dzavo uye zvavaida pfuma itsva. US political kutangwa akasarudza kuita nepfari ichitongwa Latin America. Pfungwa yaiva muchamanikidza mamiriro, kwete pokugara navo. Nzira iyi akazonzi chiNazi dzayaitonga. US akagumisa nyika vanoshorwa nekuda ekupedzisira chibvumirano, chaizvoizvo kuisa navo pachinhano chokuzviisa pasi pake. Mumwe anogona kumbotipa muenzaniso Dominican Republic. Muna 1904 zvakanzi chibvumirano, rikaisa nyika aidzorwa United States mune zveupfumi uye enyika mazwi.

Development uye magadzirirwo pfungwa

Countries kuti akaedza kudzivisa, ndakamirira Kupindira pamusoro chikamu States. Pfungwa "kudzivirira" yakapoteredza iri kutanga kwenguva yakati. Zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti kuratidza ukuru US pamusoro dzimwe nyika uye kodzero dzavo kuita matambudziko nevamwe vanhu. In kutaura kwavo Roosevelt aigara akagadzira, chii chiri "guru rutanda gwara" (1904-1905 gg.). nyika Latin America panguva ino vakanga vari muusungwa Makambani European. Kuramba kubhadhara kungaita nokusvika mhiri kwemakungwa nemauto kundima yacho nechikwereti. Izvi uye akatarisana States. Roosevelt aiva paradigm kuti unofanira kutanga kupinda chero nyika kudzivirira kubatwa wayo vokuEurope. Latin America akanzi zvoupenyu US zvido. Uye hapana munhu munharaunda iyi, havana kuenda kutanga. Izvozvo nokuti nyika munharaunda yakanga vakabika zvakakwana zvakakwana kutsanangurwa, kuti kwakadaro mutemo guru rutanda. Kutsunga nezvezvasarudzwa vose vaiita matanho musimboti youdyire. About kunyika Latin America uye vanhu vavo, hapana akafunga.

hunoshanda Implementation of

Protection zvezvavanofarira States haana kungogumira declarative mashoko. kupindira shoma vave chinozoiswa uchidzidzira. Saka, muna 1903 US mauto akaenda Panama. Zvisinei, kunyange panguva vagumirwe hariko. Achitungamirirwa US mazano akanga amutsa kupanduka muColombia. Vachitungamirirwa chokumupomera kubatsira US mauto akapinda. Somugumisiro, chikamu nharaunda yakanga akabviswa Columbia, uye ari mutsva mamiriro - Panama. Uye zvikuru panguva iyoyo yakanaka twa zvoupfumi chaizvo yaro utongi (the eponymous mugero). Muna 1904, kuti US akasimbisa enyika protectorate pamusoro Dominican Republic. Uye muna 1906 ivo yakapamba Cuba kuti "razrulit" kurwisana nezvombo kuzomukazve ikoko. Kutaura zvazviri, chero kupindira kuti angabatsira US makambani. Vari kushandisa rehondo adzingwa dzatorwa kubva vakwikwidzi ayo European.

dhora unyanzvi

Pressure simba vasingagoni nokusingaperi. Muna 1910, rimwe guru tsvimbo rakawedzerwa dhora. Kureva kuti, kuwedzera padenga kunyika pedyo zveupfumi vaiona kukodzera nokuda kwayo kunzwisisa. The nyika yave akaisa ne anokunda zvoupfumi pfuma yavo, kuitwa pemurairo. Corporation akatenga vaizotibata yesangano, pasi kudzivirira chairo chete makirabhu. Nenzira iyi, nayo kwechokwadi US hegemony kuAmerica. The chokumupomera kuti vomanikidza vavakidzani waitsigira ichivadzivirira pachisimba nemamwe marudzi kana kuti kuchengetedza zvido vomunyika American. Zvazvo zvakaitika makuru batons uye gare gare. Somuenzaniso, nezvombo Kupindira duku pachitsuwa kuGrenada. Ikoko, zvakare, mauto vakarwira "kodzero vokuAmerica."

mhedziso

Pfungwa huru chimuti chimiro mumwe kana mumwe muvhangeri US vatorwa mutemo kuti chipo. Asi kuita ikozvino hegemon wakawondereiko kudai mazuva ose zvikuru. The US vemauto kutsvaka mumwe UN chisarudzo dzikambouya. A wayo kugadzirwa inosanganisira dzimwe nzira kumanikidza enyika pamusoro hurumende masimba ndisingadiwi.