Saudi Arabia: Information, mashoko, mukuru maitiro. Saudi Arabia: rudzi hurumende

"Country mosques mbiri" (Mecca uye Medina) - saka zvakasiyana kazhinji vanodiwa Saudi Arabia. Chimiro hurumende mamiriro - nemhedziso umambo. Geographical ruzivo, nhoroondo pfupi uye ruzivo pamusoro enyika hurongwa Saudi Arabia kuchabatsira kuti pfungwa mukuru pamusoro nyika iyi.

tsananguro

Saudi Arabia - chikuru nyika iri muArabhiya Peninsula. Kuchamhembe kwayo pamuganhu pamwe Iraq, Kuwait uye kwaJoridhani kumabvazuva - pamwe Brazil uye Kuwait, kumaodzanyemba-mabvazuva - pamwe Oman uye kumaodzanyemba - pamwe Yemen. It mwene zvinopfuura 80 muzana Peninsula, uye zvitsuwa zvinoverengeka zviri Persian Gulf uye Gungwa Dzvuku.

Vanopfuura hafu nharaunda munyika inogarwa kurenje kwiza 'unto Khali. Mukuwedzera, rwokumusoro chikamu reSiriya Desert, uye riri kumaodzanyemba enyika An-Nafud - mumwe renje guru. Plateau pakati nyika vayambuka nenzizi akawanda, kazhinji nokuomesa ari kupisa mwaka.

Saudi Arabia ane akapfuma zvikuru mune mafuta. Mari kutengeswa "ndarama dema" hurumende zvishoma paakapiwa kukura munyika, zvishoma paakapiwa muna dzakabudirira uye anoshandisa kupa zvikwereti kune mamwe masimba dzechiArabhu.

Saudi Government - semhedziso umambo. Islam kunozivikanwa sezvo chitendero wehurumende. Arabic ndiwo mutauro unonyanya.

Zita munyika akapa mutongo mumhuri yake - Saudis. Ndiro guta guru Riyadh. Vagari vanhu mamiriyoni 22.7, zvikurukuru maArab.

Nhoroondo Arabia mangwanani

Muchiuru chemakore chokutanga BC pamahombekombe eGungwa Dzvuku raiva Mineyskoe umambo. Zvayaiva kumabvazuva kwemhenderekedzo Dilmun, iyo kwainzi enyika uye zvetsika mubatanidzwa munzvimbo.

Muna 570 paiva chiitiko akasarudza njodzi muArabhiya Peninsula - Mecca akaberekwa Muhammad, muprofita ramangwana. Dzidziso dzake chaizvoizvo revolutionized nhoroondo idzi, vakabva zvakakanganisa chaizvo chimiro hurumende Saudi Arabia uye netsika munyika.

Followers emuporofita, rinozivikanwa caliphs (caliphs), akakunda zvinenge zvose kuMiddle East, vachiuya Islam. Zvisinei, nokuuya pamusoro Caliphate, iro raiva guta guru rokutanga veDhamasiko, uye gare gare - Baghdad, kukosha muprofita yokumusha zvishoma nezvishoma vakarasika kukosha kwayo. Pakupera iri XIII remakore nharaunda Saudi Arabia ane zvinenge zvachose pasi pesimba yeEgipita, uye mumwe emakore maviri nehafu, idzi dzakanga ceded kuti hweOttoman Porte.

The kwaita Saudi Arabia

In pakati pezana XVII remakore, ezvinhu Najd, iyo yakawana rusununguko kubva Porte. In pakati XIX remakore yakazova guta guru Riyadh. Asi hondo kuti yakatanga pashure pemakore mashomanana, zvakakonzera chokwadi chokuti kwakaderera nyika yakakamurwa pakati yakavakidzana masimba.

Muna 1902, mwanakomana Sheikh Oasis Dirayyah, Abdul-Aziz ibn Saud, akakwanisa kutora Riyadh. Makore mana gare gare, pasi pake zvainge yose Najd. Muna 1932, nokusimbisa kunyanya kukosha veimba youmambo munhau, iye pamutemo akapa nyika zita Saudi Arabia. Maumbirwe mamiriro ose Board akabvumira Saudis kuzadzisa simba kuMhedziso pamusoro munharaunda yayo.

Sezvo pakati rokupedzisira remakore, mamiriro ichi rava huru US shamwari uye inokosha shamwari muMiddle East mudunhu.

Saudi Arabia: rudzi hurumende

Constitution of State pamutemo akazivisa Korani uye Sunnah hweMuporofita Muhammad. Zvisinei, kuti gadziriro hurumende pamusoro Saudi Arabia, chimiro hurumende mukuru nenheyo kurondedzerwa nezviremera zvenyika Basic Law (Mutemo), vakasvika simba muna 1992.

Chiito ichi chine urongwa raiti Saudi Arabia - anotonga Islamic mamiriro ezvinhu simba umo - imwe monarchist. The mamiriro nemamiriro nyika kunobva Sharia.

King wemhuri Saudi mutongo inewo rechitendero mutungamiri uye simba kupfuura rusarura mhando dzose simba. Panguva iyoyowo, akashanda se mukuru weuto, anekodzero ugadze vose anokosha vehurumende uye vemauto mbiru, kuzivisa hondo uye mauto atonge munyika. Iye anotarira kuna enyika vakawanda wezwi rechiIslam asangana zvinodiwa uye monitors chokupika Shariah dzemitemo.

zviremera Public

simba Executive rehurumende iri anoshandiswa neDare Vashumiri. King ave sachigaro wayo, akanga kunosanganisirei kwayo inotungamirwa uye nokubatanidzwazve. Nizam unotendwa neDare Vashumiri, ngaauye kupinda simba kubudikidza Royal zvinotaura. Vashumiri rinotungamirirwa kuMudzidzisi shumiro uye madhipatimendi nokuti mabasa dzavanofanira kuchengeta kuna mambo.

The Mitemo akagadzirawo mambo, umo Advisory Council pamwe vanobva kodzero. Nhengo Council ichi vakaratidza maonero avo gwaro Nizam kutorwa Vashumiri. Sachigaro Advisory Board matanhatu nhengo dzayo dziri akagadzwa namambo (kwemakore mana).

Panotangira dzeutongi ndiye Supreme Pakutonga Council. Pamusoro pfungwa yacho Board raMambo anogadza osiyana navatongi.

Saudi Arabia, chimiro hurumende uye enyika iyo inobva anenge mhedziso simba ramambo uye kunamata vechiIslam chitendero, pamutemo haana dzaishandiswa mibatanidzwa kana mapato ezvematongerwo enyika. Ushumiri chitendero kunze Islam, vari wairambidza.