Boris Babochkin: Biography uye Filmography

Maererano Oleg Yefremov, Stanislavski akasika haufi hurongwa hwake nevanhu vakaita Boris Babochkin. Biography of mutambi, uyo akaberekwa muna 1904 seboka aparadzane Chapayeva basa reDare navo 1934, muzvikamu zviviri: "pamberi" uye "pashure".

makore muduku

Akaberekwa Boris Andreevich Babochkin muna Saratov 18.01.1904, mune mhuri njanji. mai mukomana wacho aiva mudzidzisi kuchikoro mumusha, apo akagamuchira dzidzo yake yechipiri. Kufanana vezera zvose mumakore 13 vakava nhengo Koshanda Boris. Uye mumakore 15 Ini vamene akura - Ainzi Eastern Front of Civil War, apo akashanda ari enyika dhipatimendi 4th Army.

Zvisinei, mumwe murume wechiduku kupfuura basa, mwoyo yemitambo. Iye zvinobudirira akapfuura bvunzo mumutambo chikoro Saratov, verenga ndima kubva munhetembo "Fairy" Maksima Gorkogo. Jaya pakarepo akatora mukuru kosi. Uye musoro Aleksandr Kanin Studio vaiona tarenda rake kwemwedzi, akatuma Boris kuMoscow aine tsamba okuzivisa Nemirovich-Danchenko.

pakuva mutambi

MuMoscow, nomukomana akaenda, asi haana kushandisa patronage. Asi, akapinda yokudzidza mutambo chikoro "Tenzi Young" by Hilarion Pevtsova uye Studio Mihaila chehova. Raiva wokutanga, maererano mutambi, iye nheyo yakanaka ake theatre inotungamirwa. Uye Hilarion Pevtsova Boris Andreyevich sechinoitika mudzidzisi wake. Gare gare munguva 6 makore (kubvira 1921) Boris Babochkin basa ravo (uye paiva anopfuura 200) kutamba dzemitambo Voronezh, Kostroma, Mogilev, Samarkand. nguva ino akadana kuva.

Kukura pakunamata yasvika kubvira 1927, apo mutambi vaitambira Leningrad Theater kuti Satire. Nechomukati, atova ari chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda okugadzira zvinhu vanhu vakanga rinokosha basa pamafudzi. Babochkin kutamba, akatungamirira, akaita mafirimu, akadzidzisa uye akanyora nyaya chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo dzeChechi.

Mugore akanakira pachavo muna 1927 kuroora Boris Babochkin. Personal upenyu-nomudzimai mumwe mutambi hakuiti akafanana chinhu mukana wokuti vanhu vanga vane unknowns zhinji. Rare All, kana iye kudanana nemumwe mutambi katya, uyo nokukurumidza akava shavishavi. Vakabva aiva mwanasikana Tatyana. mhuri Babochkin muduku, asi ushamwari. The Vaviri vaidanana, mwanasikana vakaonga uye vaivaremekedza.

Kuchinjira kumamiriro mabhaisikopu

Kubvira 1931, vanotamba Pushkin Drama Theater (ipapo akadana vanhu House Drama Theater), Boris Babochkin mu yemitambo uye firimu zvava kunyanya maonero. Sezvo aibvuma nokuda vatsoropodzi, vakaita basa Sysoev kubva mutambo "The Bhiza First" Vishnevsky akamutsa ichichiyemura. Akaratidza vateereri paunhu murwi, ane mupanduki uye Patriot, mudziviriri Nyika Yababa uye echimurenga. Theater vatsoropodzi aibvumirana: yakanakisisa mutambi Petersburg yakagadzirira kuridza here pamwero mukuru paakaita basa.

anoverengeka kuedzesera unyanzvi pakati mutambi pamberi huru basa muupenyu hwake akadonha kubva kana kuda wematambudziko, sokunge kugadzirira nokuda kwake raizoitwa zvakakomba.

Hard szhivaetsya rwakazara mutambi pamwe chaizvo pakati firimu. Wokutanga iye waiva nzira Karavayeva rechiuto mukuru mu firimu "Mutiny." Director of firimu kuedza kuderedza zvavakatemerwa inoomesera algorithm Babochkin hwokusika okuti. Akamukira, kwete Achigamuchira cinema. Asi ake rakatevera basa - basa Makar Bobryk (firimu "kukupfura First" rinotungamirirwa Sablina-Korsch) akaratidza kuti munhu anotamba mutambi akakwanisa kurarama kinospetsifikoy zvikuru uye zvakanyatsorongwa pachena mufananidzo chimiro.

Ipa vatungamiriri Vasilyev kuridza firimu "Chapaev"

Famous zvose pamusoro nyika mutambi uyu akaita mufananidzo Chapaeva. Zvisinei, paiva yose ngetani zvinongoitika zvoga zvakazoita kuti ndechokuti mutambi Babochkin Boris Andreevich akanzwisisa basa rakanga risati kunozivikanwa kupesana wavarwi.

Tepi iyi akafanirwa inokosha pfupi mashoko. Little kuzivikanwa, kuti creators ari firimu manyorero "Chapaev", vatungamiriri Vasilyev, kusiyana nezvinodavirwa nevakawanda, hama havasi - ivo chete namesakes. Mumwe wavo, Georgiya Vasileva, ari Fafitera firimu, iro rava chaiwo, unogona kuonekwa mamiriro ezvinhu White Guard vanoziva remangwana kana zvinofunga kurwisa, anofamba aine murwi wemagazini, kusvuta fodya. Tinogona kuona mudzimai wechipiri mukuru. Sergeya Vasileva mutambi mudzimai Barbara Myasnikov airidza basa Anakie-muchina-murwi.

Kuda dzika Babochkin Chapayeva

Pakutanga Boris Babochkin rakatorwa pamusoro basa yakarongeka Vasily Ivanovich - Petka. On Chapayeva basa akatora yakasiyana zvachose mutambi - Nikolai Batalov, asi iye zvinowedzerwa panguva filming kuti tibhii.

Boris A. panguva iyoyo aiva anoyevedza okugadzira zvinhu. All nokuita vakambodanana basa rakanga, chaizvoizvo, sangano mberi kukura tarenda. Babochkin vakwana anokwanisa kuberekwazve. admirers ake vari kuramba kuyemurwa chidhori. Aifunga kunzwa pachake blurring miganhu okugadzira zvinhu.

The screenplay weboka mutungamiri mutambi akabata kusvika pokupedzisira, nokuti upenyu hwayo pachake akanga akadai muuto saizvozvo gamba rake kuti Boris pachake Babochkin muna Civil War akarwa: mukuru enyika ndashanda pedyo wa25 vamabhiza Division. Uyezve, murayiridzi political Babochkin basa rake akataura Mamaneja: mukuru weuto Avksentiev, Mukuru Staff Makarov aiziva pachake ose weboka vehondo ... kunze Chapaev. Vasily Ivanovich, ndezvokuti, haana kuziva, uye rakanga kumboona zvakare.

Boris Babochkin aiziva akazvionera subtleties oupenyu uye basa pamisara. Iye, pachake ane ruzivo trooper aigona prance akatasva bhiza, pamwe nemauto chic kupfeka yunifomu pa emauto vaipfeka chivharo ake kuitira kuti iye akagara zvimwe zvisinganzwisisiki nzira toga nemaonero aimiririra remashoko uye ruremekedzo konarmeytsev.

Izvi zvakamupa mukana pakuziva manyorero firimu kwete sechinhu umhare ngano, uye akachangamuka, kuwana avo mashiripiti shinda ivavo nzira-nzira kuti tipedzisire mwoyo Fafitera.

Kubva kurongeka - a Divisional Wehondo

Zvichida ndokusaka, pakutanga kuedza kuridza ega Petka, mutambi (vane kungatikanganisa navo akadana kukwanisa kuwedzera basa duku zvinoriumba uye zvakasimba kuongorora neimwe) kuchinja isingaperi mufananidzo yakarongeka. Vasilyev nharo naye kusvikira vakanga shoshoma.

Mauto akanga dzisakarurama: mbiri yose kunangana chete mutambi. Boris Babochkin vasingabvumirani nazvo. Akamira ivhu rake: kutamba inofanira kuva akasiyana. Mune imwe gakava rokusika yakadaro, pakarepo akatendeuka payakakurudzirwa uye chinyararire akaenda kwake kupfeka mukamuri.

Vasilyev akatarisa mumwe uye mafemo, tikafunga gakava iri akunda, asi ikoko raiva. maminitsi mashoma izvi Papera, zvikuru tisingatarisiri ndauya restive mutambi, asi pakaremara Chapaev. Akatungamirira chete gasped asian uye noruzhinji kufanana. Kufarira epurasitiki kufamba Babochkin-Chapaeva, ake pakunamata. The mutambi akataura mashoma chine chokuita nezvakasikwa zvirevo - zvakanga kupfuura zvinogutsa.

Muchidimbu kukosha kinoraboty Babochkin mu "Chapaev"

Basa Petka pakarepo vakapfuura Gudkin mutambi Jakobho, uyo akanga pashure chakatsiva Leonidom Kmitom. Pashure paizvozvo, maererano vatungamiriri, "kadhi akaenda zvakakwana."

Kunenge kuti danho iri yako yokutanga Chapayev - zvechivhurumukira kushandiswa make-uye pakarepo kuberekwazve muna Divisional Wehondo - akapinda mukusingaperi Babochkin Boris. The mutambi pakutanga muchimiro Vasily rose firimu. Zvadaro basa iri vakasiya chiratidzo hwake. Uye kuguma - munhoroondo yose mabhaisikopu yeSoviet.

On kwemapazi uye unhu Chapayeva Babochkin

The mufananidzo weboka wavarwi anosarudza kutambudzwa tishandurwe uye zvinhu zvokutsaurira mutambi.

In basa Chapaeva akawana mukana kukanda zvibhakera wakanyarara elokuva firimu, apo mutambi aiva chidzoyi ari mukuru, uko kwokunze kutendeseka kuitwa vaifarira mutambi wacho okugadzira zvinhu.

Chakaitika ari chishamiso okugadzira zvinhu, mufananidzo Chapaeva akararamazve, akabata mamiriyoni mwoyo, akazadzwa kugutsikana kuti ari akafemera naye Babochkin. Kwaizova sevatsigiri Divisional Wehondo, kana kwete mutambo ari mutambi? Dai kuridza pamusoro miromo vateereri Babochkin zita, kana kwete, Vasily Ivanovich?

Njodzi varume vaviri ava vari zvakabatanidzwa akabatanidzwa. Tsanzira Kushandurwa The Miracle Worker. Epic nengano akasika zvikuru Russian mutambi Boris Babochkin. Photo of mutambi pakaremara Chapayeva kunyange vaimboshanda yechi25 vamabhiza Division, pachangu vanoziva Vasily Ivanovich, akadana akafanana kuti chepakutanga.

Ipa zvizere kutamba kune simba ounyanzvi: mutambi akaudza vateereri vake pamusoro nyaya haisi rekuremekedza noumhare uye nokubwinya, somunhu mupenyu, tinazvo wechokwadi, hwaakapiwa naMwari tarenda - kuva mutungamiri. Chapaev Babochkin, Divisional, amutswa kubva vanhuwo chinzvimbo, dzimwe nguva pamawere asingatyi akachenjera. Dzimwe nguva semutauriro wevanhu zvakaipa

Asi zvose - zvakajeka omurume vehondo dzevanhu utera. Ivo mukangamwire kwaari, sokunge kukanganwira baba yangu. Pashure pezvose, vanoziva kuti avo Chapayev haana kundiisa, usabva yehondo. Vanotenda zviri kupenya mazano, nomuzvarirwo kunzwisisa chaizvo emauto kurwa. Ndivo, kana zvichikodzera, usazeza kuvhara nayo muviri wake kubudikidza rakarasika bara sezvo Chapaev uye akagadzirira kufira kwavari.

Zvose izvi akakwanisa kuunza mabasa avo Babochkin.

Igaroziva basa iri Chapaev zvinhu upenyu mutambi Babochkin

Firimu "Chapayev" akapinda muna zana munyika yakanaka firimu mabasa ekutanga. At Marshal Voroshilov Boris Andreyevich mhuka akaita pfungwa zvokuti akapa mutambi mufurati muMoscow. Boris Babochkin mwanasikana anoyeuka chihombe National rudo, iyo pamagwatidziro vake baba. Actor zvechokwadi akasika rounyanzvi chaiyo. Makore makumi mana gare gare, kwakajeka Director Tarkovsky akadana Babochkin-Chapaeva "kuyevedza nedhaimani, umo chiso nomumwe akasiyana pedyo, pova monolithic specificity."

Pamusana firimu iri inoshanda Babochkin akava muna 1935 gotwe vanhu Artist weRussia.

"Chapaev" akapa mutambi kuti zvakavanakira imwe mhando: ake zvakananga uye rakavhurika munhu, ndiani anogona asina kutora uye kutaura kazhinji mamiriro zvinhu, hamubati NKVD. Paaiva zvaienderana zvikuru pamusoro kudzokorora General, uye iye akapiwa. Godo, izvo kushaya Boris Andreyevich Havaifanira kuzoruma rurimi rwake ...

Boris Babochkin mu yemitambo uye mabhaisikopo pashure "Chapaev"

Panguva Great Patriotic War, kuti mutambi filmed zvizhinji. June 22, 1941, akanga ari Riga iri filming kuti "Vakafa loop", ndichizivisa mufambisi S. Utochkin. vanhu vake achida. Actor kinoobraz yavo yakakurudzira vanhu kurwisa vaNazi, akanzwisisa izvozvo, kushanda fanatically, maawa 16 pazuva. Vakawanda zvikuru firimu mabasa reDare Boris Babochkin, Filmography kwake nguva hondo yakanga zvikuru: "asingakundiki", "Front", "The Kutsigira Tsaritsyn", ". Amai munda" Wokupedzisira mafirimu izvi raiva basa yokutanga nayo sezvinoita firimu mutungamiriri.

Zvisinei, kana filmmaking Babochkin aiva wongororo akanaka, chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo mabasa ayo vauya pasi kurwiswa. I vaimuvenga nokuda rombo, nokuti tarenda. Asi kana shanje firimu "Chapayev" aiva mhou rokuvaudza matsvene, kunoshanda sezvo yemitambo mukuru Ambuya, vakasangana pamwe noruvengo. Sarudzo dzakaitwa pakavanda, Arts Council, kuvaremedza Pfungwa dzidziso uye mapatani. Zvinhu zvakanga gangaidzo: ari Leningrad vateereri nechido vachinzwisisa vaifamba kutengeswa-kubva zvesimba kuti "Mambo Potap", "Kuban", "Wolf", "Vanhu Summer" (Boris Babochkin - mukuru), uye pashure pazuva muchisviniro ugovere navo smithereens.

Nenzira, mutambo "Mambo Potap" Boris Andreyevich vaiona basa rake zvakanaka. Aisagona kumira kuti munhu yakarongwa kutambudzwa uye kunyora tsamba yokuoneka, akatama kubva Leningrad kuMoscow. Zvadaro danho iri aizotumidza chikanganiso chikuru muupenyu hwake. Iye guta riri Neva yaiva ipfungwa ingawirirana neyokuti.

Baiting mukuru ari Theater. Pushkin

Leningrad ari mafungiro avo, Babochkin akashandura yakawanda Moscow dzemitambo. Akatanga vaitambira First Moscow Art Theatre, ipapo - muna Vakhtangov Theater. Kubva 1949 kusvika 1951 Boris A. aiva mutambi uye mukuru mukuru Moscow Art Theater, Moscow Drama Theatre. Pushkin. Basa mukupera rakaratidza kuva nezvibereko.

Babochkin kufanorongwa, zvakauyiswa azere dzimba, - "Mimvuri" (kwakavakirwa Saltykov-Shchedrin). Leningrad akadzokorora mamiriro ezvinhu. Pairi, mutungamiriri, arisase caustic, usina, zvinonyadzisa kutsoropodzwa. Nokuti Kubudirira ichi, nokuti tarenda. In Babochkin akabva akanga mwoyo kurwisa wake wokutanga, akatora nhovo dzake pachipatara. Zvino makore matatu aifanira kushanda. The mutambi aiziva sei kutambanudza rwebhuruu puppets nevatsoropodzi, asi aitofanira kukumbira kuti kugadzwa neGurukota Culture Furtsevoy ... Nokukurumidza, akawana basa panguva mały Theater.

Shanda panguva Moscow Art Theater

Uye pano mamiriro ezvinhu inodzokororwa: babochkinsky kutamba "Ivanova" ari kuenda imba izere, uye mhondi kutsoropodza (sevari kutaura) akaibvarura meno ake. "Error" Babochkin akanga Pfungwa: anoisa munhu pamusoro dzematongerwe, manzwiro kuvimbika, hana Party kunodiwa. Asi akadana pachena wechikafu yemitambo Tsarev maJudhasi chinyorwa pamusoro shasha Director Meyerhold, uyo akava chikonzero vasungwe shasha. Grass Boris A. Ndizvo.

Pashure usagodora yakazivisa rezhessiruemy kwavari kutamba "Les" kuzvironga, Boris Babochkin vasingagoni kumira kunyadziswa uye basa kubva mały Theater.

Iye akasiya dzidziso muna VGIK. Vadzidzi vake, zvikurukuru mutambi Natalia Bogunova, noruyemuro pamusoro unspent okugadzira zvinhu Babochkin. Maererano naye, aigona "kurova" boka rose.

pachinzvimbo mhedziso

Babochkin vachidzidzisa pa VGIK, ndakangotanga ndaziva chii dambudziko Soviet yemitambo: kutama kubva Classic, kusvikira kuzvitsinhanisa pfungwa zvetsika. Kurwadziwa akuvara emasculation munhu, kuita, uri kutanga muna mabasa.

Boris Andreyevich akangoerekana wakafukidza chido kuisa "The Gaviota" Chekhov kuti haufi. Akanyora ake akasiyana Director kuti manyorero. 17/07/1975 Babochkin motokari yake akasvika mały Theater, wakati apinda chivakwa, akatambanudza sungano Igorem Ilinskim, saka iye akabata basa Sorin. Kudzoka, pakarepo arwara. Heart. Akamisa motokari. Ndakatanga kutsvaka piritsi. Havana kuva pedyo ...