Borovitsky chikomo: tsanangudzo pfupi uye nhoroondo

Borovitsky chikomo - nzvimbo paiva yokugara, iyo akazova hwaro Moscow renyika. It riri confluence of Moskva River muna Neglinnaya. Kare, zvakanga chakafukidzwa nezvinomera gobvu, zvinganaka coniferous miti uye mupaini. Iyi nzvimbo rava mahombekombe panopinda mamwe mapoka vokuparidzira uye zvinoverengeka matongo mutsika.

The kwokutanga Danho

Borovitsky chikomo makarekare yakatanga ine vavhimi uye vabati vehove (Fatyanovo nguva). Gare gare vakatsiviwa anofudza vanhu (Diakonoff Danho), pashure iyo nzvimbo kare pakugadzirisa mapazi zvakananga necheSalvic hwevanhu: Vyatichi uye Krivichy. Vanotsvakurudza vanowana zvasara kugara kwavo pano dziri pazvikomo. Pane kubvuma kuti muzana remakore rechi11 Borovitsky chikomo aiva kugarwa ane nhare duku, emapuranga rusvingo, gungwa.

The chiratidzo chokutanga

Nzvimbo yakatanga kutaurwa yaMakoronike muna 1147 chokuita pamutambo, randakapiwa Rostov-Suzdal Prince Yury Dolgoruky nomutsigiri kwayo. Pane uchapupu hwokuti papera nguva, akarayira kuvaka yemapuranga nhare pano. Zvisinei, pane maonero kuti dzichengeterwe munda mumwe Boyar murwi, yakanga vatorwa nechisimba kubva kwaari uye ikava muchinda nhaka kuti patrimony. Zvinobetsera nzvimbo dzakwidzwa zvakatungamirira kuti Borovitsky chikomo yaikosha iri negadziriro masvingo kuchamhembe-dzekumabvazuva.

vaitamira

feudal kusabatana nguva aizivikanwa kukakavara uye kusawirirana pakati namachinda, umo akatambudzika zvikuru kungova vomunzvimbo yacho. Kunotsvaka yatisingaonekwi utiziro vakafumira kubva mudzimba dzavo uye akatumira kure uye yakachengeteka nzvimbo. Raiva tsvarakadenga simba vaitamira Rwako, izvo zvakaita kuti mutsva kufamba munzvimbo. Borovitsky Hill muMoscow akavawo noutiziro. Asi vakasimuka panzvimbo yayo guta kazhinji kuda kurwiswa uye zvaibiwa kwakaenderera: muzana remakore rechi11 nayo akapisa Ryazan muchinda muzana remakore rechi13, akanga pasi anotyisa kuparadzwazve somugumisiro wacho bvuta Batu rati.

kwakaita nzvimbo yacho

Mazuva ano, pane Red Square, chikamu China-guta. Aumba unonzi Makovytsya, zvinoreva korona. Heino Cathedral Square nemumwe zvivako temberi huru munyika yedu - the Patriarchal Cathedral of kubvuma. Saka, Borovitsky Hill yakava muzinda guru nezveramangwana uye musimboti idzva wehurumende. Izvi dzinongoita nemaonero ayo yakanaka nzvimbo, mupfumi zviwanikwa uye akadzivirira nzvimbo iyi kubva muArabhu uye Tatars, izvo mwoyo chaizvo vanhu pano paitonga ari Tartar joko. Edge Hill ainzi lbische kana nzvimbo kuurayiwa; kubva pano kusvika vomurova kuteterera vanhu madzimambo uye madzitateguru.

zita

Nezvekwakabva zita "Borovitsky Hill" nokuda peculiarities vayo ezvinhu zvakasikwa uye nenzvimbo. Pane maonero kuti zita nokuti akanga akafukidzwa musango. Maererano neimwe shanduro, nzvimbo ainzi kubva pashoko "Borovica", zvinoreva nzvimbo apo sango kana dondo. Both hypotheses akafanana mumwe, uye kuvimbika kubva kubvuma ichi kunoratidzwa ndechokuti tanga nezvivakwa pano vakasonganira zita iroro, dzakadai sechechi uye chechechi. Izvi rinotsanangura mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti nei Borovitsky kugomo rinonzi saizvozvo.

Middle Ages

Nhau dzairamba panzvimbo ino chokuita ushe wokutanga Moscow machinda, vakanga mumabasa ayo chivakwa. Under Ivan Kalita pano rakaumbwa uye machechi akawanda, uye mumakore matatu asati afa - pomuouki Kremlin. Kana muzukuru wake, Dmitry Donskoy, kuvakwa kwamasvingo ibwe vakapoteredza guta, iro akaita basa rinokosha pakudzivirira guta kubva nechisimba Omani Grand Duke, ari Tatar Khan. Chivako chitsva yave zvakavakwa wokunze tsaru madziro. Ukobvu namasvingo itsva maviri matatu mamita. Kusimbiswa nhamba kwaisanganisirawo inoerera, embankments. Mokupera vakapakata pokunzvenga napo. Apo Ivan III akatanga kuvaka zvivako zvitsva zviri Kremlin, nguva ino yakagadzirwa zvidhinha. On pakurigadzira zvakatora makore anenge gumi.

nguva itsva

In rechi17 chivakwa remakore pachikomo Borovitsky mberi zvakare. Pane dzakavakwa chechi, belfry, makamuri uye dzoushe. Shongwe dzakaitwa mutende-mhanya, nenzira ivo vakapona. Apo mambo wokutanga Russian pano akanga avaka Arsenal building, asi gare gare, maererano kuchinjwa guru kuna St. Petersburg building, zvinosuwisa, akamira. Zvichireva Borovitsky chikomo yakakwirira kwete chete munhau Grand Duchy of Moscow, asiwo Russia zvavo. Chokwadi kuti nzvimbo ino yava chinoumba rakabatana mamiriro, wakati wava pakati kubatanidza vakapararira munyika uye ukuru. Yakanaka inokosha uye zvoupfumi kukosha akabatanidzwa zvikuru basa racho kukura uye vapfume.