Brief Biography pamusoro Rembrandt uye basa rake. Mabasa dzakakurumbira kubudikidza Rembrandt

Brief Biography pakati Rembrandt uye basa rake anomiririrwa munyaya achasuma kuti mumwe mukuru vemifananidzo nguva dzose. Rembrandt Harmensz Van Reyn (Makore oupenyu - 1606-1669) - yakakurumbira Dutch painter, etcher uye draftsman. basa rake riri yakazara chido kunzwisisa musimboti woupenyu, uyewo nyika womunhu womukati. Rembrandt aifarira pfuma zviitiko zvokunamata kuri muvanhu. The okugadzira zvinhu womufananidzo - pamusoro Dutch art rechi17. Uyewo, zviri kukurukurwa rimwe mapeji unonyanyokosha mifananidzo tsika dzenyika. Kunyange vanhu vari kure painting, vanoziva hunoshanda. Rembrandt - zvinoshamisa yokudhirowa, ane upenyu uye basa chokwadi muchava kufarira.

unyanzvi nhaka Rembrandt raMwari

Zvikuru siyana romubati yatakawana kuti akabva nesu. Rembrandt kupendwa Portraits, nharaunda, achiri lifes, Genre mifananidzo. Akasika Mifananidzo iri rengano, mubhaibheri, munhoroondo madingindira, uyewo mamwe mabasa. Rembrandt ndiye tenzi risingaenzaniswi pamusoro etching uye mufanidzo.

Upenyu weLeiden

upenyu Rembrandt muna 1620, kwakaratidzwa kurovedza pfupi paYunivhesiti weLeiden. Ipapo akasarudza kuzvipira upenyu hwake kuti unyanzvi. Kuti izvi zvidaro, akadzidza yokutanga weLeiden J. Van Svanenbyurha (anenge 1620-23 years), uye zvadaro muAmsterdam kubudikidza P. Lastman (muna 1623). Munguva kubva 1625 kusvika 1631 womufananidzo vakashanda weLeiden. Pano akasika mabasa ake rokutanga Rembrandt.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti basa rake chokuita weLeiden kumwedzi, dzinoratidzwa kutsvaka rokusika vanyori rusununguko, pasinei kuti yekudyidzana kufurira Lastman, uyewo vamiririri Dutch karavadzhizma. Somuenzaniso, basa "Kuunza mutemberi", akasika makore anenge 1628-29. The "MuApostora Pauro" (munenge 1629-30 gore), uyewo "Simiyoni patemberi" (1631), nyanzvi yokudhirowa kokutanga akareva chiedza uye mumvuri senzira zvakagadzirirwa kusimbisa mupfungwa expressiveness uye kurudziro mifananidzo. Panguva iyoyowo, Rembrandt akashanda nesimba pamusoro mufananidzo. Akadzidza chiso chedu.

Makore 1630 muupenyu Rembrandt

Chimwe chiitiko chinokosha tenzi upenyu kwakaitika muna 1632. Kutamira Amsterdam akacherekedza Biography womufananidzo Rembrandt. Biography naye pamusoro nguva ino sezvinotevera.

In Amsterdam isu vanofarira the artist takabva taroorana. Zvakange akasarudzwa Saskia Van Eylenburh akapfuma patrician (mufananidzo wake anopiwa pamusoro). Mukadzi uyu aiva nherera. baba vake aiva nhengo Board of Friesland, meya Leeverdena. Saskia mbiri hama dzaiva magweta. Pakati pehama yomukadzi - zhinji vakuru vehurumende uye zvidzidzo. Akaunza nomufaro isina bango imba rokupenda. Rembrandt akapa musha wake zvisingawanzoitiki zvinhu zvizhinji, nemhaka iyo akava miziyamu chaiyo. Tenzi aipedza nguva yakawanda ari zvisingavaki muviri chitoro, panguva rokutengesa uye Auktionen. Akatenga Prints uye mifananidzo, Indian uye Chinese akaveza trinkets, zvombo okuberekwa, zvivezwa, zvinokosha sekristaro uye china. Zvose izvi kushanda colour nokuda mifananidzo, raakanga asika. Ivo akafuridzira womufananidzo. Rembrandt aida vapfeke wako ari vherevheti, brocade uye sirika. Iye kugeza naye pamwe nemaparera uye mangoda. Nyore uye nomufaro akatora zvinoumba upenyu hwake, azere okugadzira zvinhu, basa uye rudo. Vakawanda 1630 makore - ichi nguva, mhuri ifare uye unyanzvi kubudirira zvikuru.

Portraits 1630 zvaJehovha

Portraits All Kuva makore 1630, inoratidza nemano kuti pakuongorora uye Rembrandt. Izvi kunomuunzira Keyser, Van Der Helstom, Rubens uye Van Dyck. Mifananidzo izvi zvinowanzoitwa pamusoro chiedza pfumbu ezvakaitika sandarara. Kazhinji pane denderedzwa Manyorerwo mabasa ake. Rembrandt akasika Portraits yakarova chihombe epurasitiki simba. Iye yakawana anoitwa uye chiaroscuro dema uye kuwirirana chena, uyewo zvakananga-maonero womuenzaniso. Mabasa ose azara unhu, Akakwezva nziyo uye guru zvakanaka. Mumifananidzo Amsterdam nguva, richienzaniswa weLeiden, muchechetere unaku. Mutinhimira ruoko rinoreva rokufananidzira (womufananidzo nemaune haaratidzi munhu ruoko). Izvi, pamwe mufananidzo misoro kutendeuka afanane variability uye Baroque tinongorarama kwemakore mashoma.

Zvinoitwa nevamwe Portraits of 1630 wacho

Richirondedzera upenyu uye basa Rembrandt iyi, hatigoni kureva Portraits zvakasikwa naye. Vava vazhinji. basa Rembrandt kuti "The Anatomy Chidzidzo pamusoro Dr. Tyulpa" (yaifananidzira pamusoro) akasikwa 1632. Mairi munyori innovatively akaswedera mhinduro dambudziko nokuda boka photo, zvokuti murwiyo akatendeuka dzakadekara. Rembrandt Hwabatanidza vose vanhu anomirirwa pamufananidzo, imwe chiito. basa iri vakauya kwaari mukurumbira zvikuru.

Mune dzimwe Portraits vakasikwa zvakawanda mirairo, yokudhirowa nokungwarira mumaoko zvipfeko, chiso features, zvishongo. Mumwe muenzaniso - basa "Portrait of burgrave", iro rakanyorwa 1636 Garmens Rembrandt Van Reyn. Life uye basa chero Artist zviri pedyo nepedyo. Somuenzaniso, zvakawanda siyana uye isina sezvamunoita Portraits vanhu pedyo Rembrandt, uyewo ake kuzvidzora Portraits (mumwe wavo, makasimbiswa muna 1634, iri kukurukurwa pamusoro). The Artist haatyi kuedza, ndichiedza mupfungwa expressiveness. Panofanira kunzi ari kuzvipira asian, akasikwa 1634, uye "achinyemwerera Saskia", zvakanyorwa muna 1633.

Famous kupenda "Merry Company", kana "Self-Portrait ne Saskia" (mufananidzo basa wataurwa pamusoro apa), apedza kuda iri kumwedzi. Rakanyorwa kumativi 1635 Rembrandt Van Reyn. The upenyu uye basa yokudhirowa neimwe nzira kutaurwa basa iri. Mairi, asingatyi akaputsa pamwe raivapo panguva iyoyo canons. The mufananidzo anomira akabuda pachena zvamarudzi painting, mhenyu spontaneity pamusoro nziyo, uye vakazadzwa chiedza, Dzinotangazve, mavara palette.

Bhaibheri nziyo uye rengano mifananidzo 1630

Mumakore 1630, nyanzvi yokudhirowa akasika uye zvebhaibheri nziyo. Chimwe chezvinhu akakurumbira - "The Chibayiro waAbrahamu". Rinoreva 1635. Biblical nziyo nguva ino kwakaratidzwa pokudzora vokuItaly Baroque kupenda. Rawo kunoratidzwa muna murwiyo rinomutsa (akawanda kumanikidzwa), chiedza uye mumvuri kusiyana, tinoshandisa pamakona.

Pabasa Rembrandt nguva ino, nzvimbo chaiyo ndowenyika rengano mifananidzo. The Artist haana kutevera dzenhoroondo tsika uye canons, achikanda kwavari kwoushingi. Mumwe mabasa, izvo zvinogona kucherechedzwa pano - ndicho "Rape pakati Ganymede" (1635).

"Danae"

The akakura sezvamunoita inonzi "Danaus" zvizere mudzidziso aesthetic maonero Rembrandt. In basa iri, aiita kupinda nharo pamwe vemifananidzo zvikuru Renaissance. Rembrandt ichifananidzwa mushwi Danae haadi dzinoenderana dzenhoroondo zvinangwa. The Artist akaita basa iri ne chaizvo spontaneity, ushingi kuti nguva yaro. Akasiyanisa yakanaka, pfungwa-norunako mifananidzo vakasikwa rokuItari vanatenzi, runako pakunamata uye ushamwari kunzwa kwevanhu.

mamwe mabasa

Uyewo muna 1630 panguva Rembrandt yakawanda chakatsaurwa kushanda unyanzvi achiita zvokutemera uye etching. Zvinogona kucherechedzwa zvakadai mabasa ake se "peya kutsvakatsvaka" uye "The mutengesi gonzo chepfu." The Artist akasikawo penzura vanodhirowa muchidimbu mumagadzirirwo uye ushingi.

Rembrandt kuti okugadzira zvinhu ra1640

Makore aya munogara muchinetsana pakati itsva mabasa Rembrandt uye zvishoma chaizvo zvinodiwa vakararama panguva yake. Zvakajeka kunetsana uku kwakaratidzwa muna 1642. Ipapo basa Rembrandt kuti "Night Watch" akaita mhirizhonga vatengi. Havana kutora huru pfungwa the artist. Rembrandt boka panzvimbo yekushandisa asian ichifananidzwa umhare-kwakakwidziridzwa njanji, sezvamakaropafadzwa aramu Vapfuri chikwata yakabudikira. Kureva, zvakanga, ungati, mufananidzo munhoroondo. Iye amuka vomunguva ndangariro hondo yekusunungura dzakarwiwa pedyo Dutch vanhu.

Pashure basa iri kuita shoma mutsika Rembrandt kuti kurayira. Upenyu hwake hwakanga hwakanganiswa rufu uye Saskia. Muna ra1640, panguva wakadhirowewa basa yakarasikirwa rayo glamour. Sheet kutisimbisa unhu kwaari ambotaurwa, anyangarika. Rembrandt akatanga kunyora yakanyarara Genre uye yemubhaibheri zvikamu, azere hwepedyo uye ushamwari. Mavari zvaanozivisa kwounyengeri noruvara manzwiro, kunzwa ukama, ushamwari. Pakati izvi, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa, "The Holy Family" muna 1645, uyewo mufananidzo "Dhavhidhi naJonatani" (1642).

Sezvaiitwa purogiramu, uyewo ari mufananidzo kubudikidza Rembrandt zviri kuramba inokosha namano kutamba chiedza uye pamumvuri. Zvinoita rinokosha ezvinhu - mupfungwa zvikuru, zvinoshamisa. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa akakura hwakajeka jira Rembrandt "Zana Guilder Print," uye "Pepa rimwe zana guilders," akatanga makore anenge 1642-46. Unofanirawo achishevedza nzvimbo muna 1643 "miti matatu" uzere nechiedza uye mhepo emuchina.

Makore 1650 mubasa Rembrandt

Yakati upenyu zvakakomba nemiedzo atsungirira by the artist. Kuti 1650 rinotanga nguva yake rokusika pakunamata. Rembrandt anotanga kuramba kuenda mufananidzo. Iye kunoratidza vanhu pedyo naye. Pakati izvi, zvinokosha kuziva kuti vakawanda Portraits pakati Hendrickje Stoffels, mukadzi the artist wechipiri. Uyewo zvikuru zvinoshamisa zvakasikwa muna ra1654 "Portrait akwegura mukadzi." Muna 1657 womufananidzo vakarondedzera mumwe yake yakakurumbira basa - "Mwanakomana Tito kuverenga."

Images zvavo vanhu uye vakwegura

Images zvavo vanhu, kunyanya vakura, vari kuramba kukwezvwa by the artist. Vari mabasa ake ndiye pfuma yomudzimu uye uchenjeri upenyu. Muna ra1654, Rembrandt akasika "Portrait munun'una womufananidzo mukadzi wacho", uye muna 1652-1654 - "Portrait of mutana Red" (aimiririra pamusoro). Painter kutanga kufarira ake uye chiso, izvo yakavhenekerwa chiedza nyoro. Vanoita akatorwa kubva parima. Nhamba dziri dzinoratidzwa haawanzotauri oneka chako mimicry. Anoratidza kunzwisisa kufamba manzwiro avo uye pfungwa. Rembrandt alternates chiedza uye pasty bhurasho shamhu, zvichiita pemvura mufananidzo shimmering chiaroscuro uye mavara hues.

Zvakandiomera mamiriro ezvemari

Muna 1656, nyanzvi yokudhirowa akataura kusauka, vachisiya zvose zvake vakaenda pasi nenyundo. Rembrandt kwakamanikidzwa yevaJudha kota eguta Amsterdam. Pano akapedza kwoupenyu hwake upenyu yakamanikidzika chaizvo.

Creative basa ne Rembrandt Harmensz Van Reyna 1660s

nziyo Biblical akasika makore 1660, muchidimbu Rembrandt kufungisisa chinangwa choupenyu. In basa rake nguva ino, pane mifananidzo vakazvipira kuti kurwisana chiedza nerima kwakatanga mweya womunhu. A nhamba nemabasa panyaya iyi yakaitwa Rembrandt Harmenszoon Van Reyn, Biography uye mazita emifananidzo izvo isu vanofarira. Pakati mabasa izvi tinofanira kubvuma basa "muAsiria, Hamani uye Esther", akasikwa 1660; uye "David uye Uri" kana "anodonha Amana" (1665). Vari dzinoratidzwa anonzwisisa zvamarudzi kunyora, inodziya zvine chikuva, kunzwisisa textured hukawanika, kutamba zvakaoma chiedza uye mumvuri. Izvi zvose tinofanira kuva womufananidzo kuzivisa zvakaoma mupfungwa zviitiko uye kurwisana, nokuti akabvumirwa kukunda zvakanaka pamusoro zvakaipa.

Historical kupenda ne Rembrandt rinonzi "The Ndamukirwa Kraudhiyo Civilis", anozivikanwawo sokuti "Ndamukirwa pakati Batavians," akasikwa 1661. Zvinonzi azadzwa heroism uye hasha mutambo.

"Vanodzokera womwanakomana mupambadzi"

womufananidzo akasika basa "The Kudzoka anopambadza" Mumazuva okupedzisira gore hwake. Mikoko makore 1668-69. Ichi kanivhasi akakura chikuru rounyanzvi kubudikidza Rembrandt. It mudzidziso zvose tsika uye aesthetic uye zvinoyevedza maonero, maitiro mukupera nguva basa rake. The Artist pamwe zvepamusoro unyanzvi firimu iri recreates zvakawanda yose yakadzama uye kunzwisisa dzevanhu manzwiro. The rikava zvinoreva iye anonyanya Kuziviswa runako anokanganwira, tsitsi, kunzwisisa. In zvokuita nemashoko mashoma ichiti upenyu nemasaini uye nzvimbo mudzidziso ndopakaperawo pamusoro voltage kuchinja kuti dzinogutsa kugadzirisa pfungwa zvido. Muna photo, riri kumusoro, unogona kuona ibasa wekupedzisira Rembrandt.

Kufa Rembrandt, kukosha okugadzira zvinhu

The akakurumbira Dutch painter, etcher uye draftsman akafa muAmsterdam 4 October, 1669 Harmensz Van Reyn Rembrandt, vane mabasa vanozivikanwa uye kudiwa nevakawanda, akava mukuru nezvainoita pakuzadzisa kupenda. Izvi zvinooneka kwete mabasa vevaanodzidzisa, uyo Carel Fabritius akasvika pakunzwisisa Rembrandt kwakaita yepedyo, asiwo mabasa Dutch Artist neimwe, zvakawanda kana zvishoma zvinokosha. Pictures nenyanzvi dzakawanda dzinoratidza matambudziko akadaro emhizha akafanana Rembrandt Van Reyn. Artwork "Swamp", uyo munyori - Jacob van Ruisdael - zvimwe mumwe mabasa akadai. Zvinoratidza chikamu dondo kurenje dzinozara nemvura. Mufananidzo uyu unobereka nezvaanoreva zvokufananidzira.

Mune ramangwana, akava akasimba kwakabatsira kukura musoro uri zvavo, kuti Rembrandt mukuru. Paintings uye Biography yake kufarira uye vanhu vazhinji nhasi. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti basa rake iri chaizvo zvinokosha. Ounyanzvi kubudikidza Rembrandt, tsanangudzo dzakawanda dzakanga munyaya iyi, vachiri kurudzira vemifananidzo.