By omumuviri yomunyika secretion mumasero vari chii? Mashandiro ari kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero

Basa nhengo dzose uye nehurongwa vari chikwata ne vanoverengeka chaiwo dzomukati zvinhu. Nemhaka dzavo zvakanaka-kwakarongeka mashandiro, muviri womunhu zvakarurama uye nguva kupindura vakurukurirane. Kwemakemikari anobudiswa hurongwa ndohwaJehovha imwe huru kuedzesera azvaiitwa.

Hwaro ino ndiyo kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero. Kuti vanofanira anonzi omumuviri yomunyika secretion, pane pavo kenza uropi uye chii zvinoitwa basa ravo vangazivikanwa - kukurukurwa pazasi.

The kwemakemikari anobudiswa maitiro uye mamiriro ayo

Kwemakemikari anobudiswa midziyo nechipiriso masero kushanda, vamwe izvo dziri mupasi, achiumba muviri, uye vamwe - pachena vakaparadzirwa mamiriro. Mitumbi izvo nhengo hurongwa, akadana kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero. The peculiarity yakaitwa yavo kuti excretory ducts, kunoitika chionekeso zvinoberekwa secretions, akazaruka mukati mumuviri.

Its pamutemo kushanda ari kwemakemikari anobudiswa hurongwa anoita zvine kushandisa zvimwe zvinhu - mahormone. mishonga izvi zvinokosha dzichipfekeka zvigadziriswe zvakafanira kuti zvakakwana kushanda muviri rose.

Mashandiro ari kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero

Pashure kuonana kubva mahormone muropa murukova, ari nhengo dzinobudisa maitiro kana cerebrospinal fluid vanotanga kuita sezvo catalysts. The chikuru mabasa ose kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero inobva anotevera pezvakaitwa:

• kuitawo muviri;
• Kufambisa mumuviri uye kudyidzana yose zvayo nehurongwa;
• kuramba takatsiga kana chavakaona zviwane;
• mutemo kukura pezvakaitwa;
• kuzvidzora pabonde Kusiyanisa;
• mubasa mupfungwa basa.

Active zvinhu kuti kunotangira ezvinhu kwemakemikari anobudiswa omumuviri, dzakananga zvikonzero, uyewo mumwe wavo ane chairo basa. Makemikari kuita muviri pamwe anodiwa physico-makemikari ezvinhu. Izvi zvinoitika zvichienderana constituent zvinhu zvokudya anwa, uye zvenguva zvokukura muviri.

Makemikari vanowanzotevedzera kukanganisa kushanda kure nadzo uye omumuviri, ndiko kuti, kuva kure chipfuro. Chimwe chinhu ndechokuti kuchinja tembiricha hakurevi kukanganisa mashandiro yezviri zvinhu.

Omumuviri of kwemakemikari anobudiswa hurongwa

Kuti kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero zvinosanganisira pituitary, parathyroid uye thyroid, rwatata, adrenal omumuviri, ovaries uye testes, pineal shwanu.

Thyroid, adrenal cortex uye gonads vaiona kuti havakwanisi mubasa ravo kubudikidza pituitary, pituitary mahormone sezvo chokuita nokubata mumasero.

Mamwe shwanu hakusi tropic, kuti haisi pasi pituitary.

Heano ose kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero. Tafura rinoratidzawo kuti nzvimbo zvomukati uye Makemikari kuti inongomutsa.

pfungwa shwanu

Kuti kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero anosanganisira pituitary uye pineal shwanu. Ngatikurukurei kwomudzimu neimwe.

The pituitary shwanu iri mune Turkish Chigaro uropi runochengetedzwa mberi Chigaro dehenya mapfupa. shwanu ichi anonzi kutanga zvose metabolic pezvakaitwa kuitika mumuviri. Inoitwa zvikamu zviviri, chimwe nechimwe unobereka chaiyo vanovapo pfuma:

• Front - Anterior pituitary;
• shure - neurohypophysis.

migove Vose vari zvionera kubva mumwe, nokuti vane vakaparadzana innervation, kuparadzirwa uye riine dzimwe pfungwa.

Chimwe chikamu pituitary shwanu nguva dzose pave antidiuretic kemikari, kana vasopressin. Mashandiro ichi zvinhu zvinokosha chaizvo kuti munhu, nokuti anotonga mvura mwero uye basa renal tubules. Kana antidiuretic kemikari anopinda muropa, itsvo vanotanga kuyeuka mvura mumuviri, apo kudzikira kwaro yakawanda - kupa kwokunze ezvinhu ayo.

Oxytocin - the "munhukadzi" kemikari, asi varipowo muvarume. basa rake riri wakaratidzwa mano dumbu kuti kubata tsandanyama basa, kureva, nefuma basa ive yakakwana basa. Izvi kemikari chete rinobatanidzwa muitiro nokubvisa placenta postpartum uye lactation pashure kusununguka.

Anterior pituitary ndiye anokonzera ekufambisa basa mamwe kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero. Ndezvipi kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero vari nokudzorwa Anterior akafukidza pituitary ino uye zvinhu izvi zvichiitika?

1. Thyroid - basa rake riri zvakananga novimba thyroid-mutange kemikari.
2. mumasero Adrenal - yaidzorwa kwevari adrenocorticotropic kemikari muropa.
3. Gonads - ravo basa vasisanetswi FSH uye LH.
4. Prolactin - kemikari of Anterior pituitary, hunobata basa mammary mumasero panguva lactation. Kukura kemikari - a fuma vane basa iri kutungamirira kukura muviri uye kukura, uyewo kubatanidzwa mapuroteni biosynthesis.
5. Makemikari ari pineal shwanu (pineal gland) vanobatanidzwa mune mitemo dzevanhu biorhythms nezuva, inotokonya zvirwere, kuderedza kunetseka mumatunhu uye BP, kuderedza ropa shuga yomuropa.

Thyroid uye parathyroid mumasero

Kuti kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero anosanganisira thyroid uye parathyroid. Ivo riri imwe nzvimbo - pachiyero yechipiri shwashwa of trachea.

Thyroid mahormone vanoonekwa yodovmestitelnymi vanoshingaira zvinhu - triiodothyronine, thyroxine. Ivo vanobatanidzwa mune muviri, waidzora pachiyero shuga uptake pedyo masero uye kuputsa mafuta. Calcitonin lowers kuti karusiyamu yomuropa muropa.

The chikuru basa parathyroid kemikari uye inobva kuvandudza mabasa Neural uye zvetsandanyama nemapfupa gadziriro, izvo zvinoitwa kuwedzera karusiyamu pamwero mumuviri wayo uptake nemasero.

Functional zvechadenga rwatata

simba iri rinoshanda kwete chete kune kwemakemikari anobudiswa hurongwa, asi vo mumatumbu. Hormone basa rinoitwa nevanhu vanonzi nezviduku pamusoro Langerhans, izvo riri muswe pamusoro shwanu. Zvitsuwa izvi akaumbwa vakawanda muchitokisi mifananidzo, iyo yakasiyana marongerwo uye Makemikari kuti inongomutsa:

• Alpha masero: kubereka kemikari glucagon (inodzora carbohydrate muviri);
• masero Beta: insulin (kunoderedza uwandu shuga muropa);
• Delta masero: secretion pamusoro somatostatin;
• epsilon masero: pave "nzara" kemikari ghrelin.

The adrenal mumasero vavo mahormone

Iron chinhu zvokunze rukoko masero (cortical chikamu) uye yomukati (chepfungwa chikamu). chikamu chimwe nechimwe pave yayo chaiyo vanoshingaira zvinhu. Ichazivikanwa cortex chizvarwa glucocorticoids uye mineralocorticoids. mahormone izvi zviri kuitika mu metabolic kwendangariro.

Adrenaline - kemikari rwomumwoyo fuma kuti ndiye anokonzera tsinga. Unopinza yakawedzera chayo mu muropa rinooneka tachycardia, BP, mydriasis, uye tightening netsandanyama. Norepinephrine synthesized sezvo yomukati rukoko adrenal masero. chiito Its nechinangwa activation of parasympathetic tsinga mabasa.

gonads

Kuti kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero ndiwo testes uye ovaries. mahormone zvinoberekwa navo vane mutoro chakaipa nokushanda kwenhengo dzokubereka nadzo. Vakadzi ndiro ichiibvira nguva, nepamuviri uye basa. Male mahormone ndiwo anokonzera chidzoke uye kuibvisa kurara zvatariswa.

Mashandiro ari kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero dzinobva mberi uye harungashandurwi Links. Testes uye ovaries vari boka tropic miviri, nekuti basa ravo riri zvakananga novimba Anterior pituitary.

Rakajairika dzisina kururama dzine chokuita basa kwemakemikari anobudiswa hurongwa

Vanhu vazhinji zvakakanganisika vanodavira kuti zvose simbi iri muviri anogona kunzi kwemakemikari anobudiswa.

Kana mukakumbira mubvunzo unotevera: "kuti kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero ndivo mumasero mammary" vanotevera mhinduro chaiwo - kwete. mumasero Mammary ndezvaJehovha boka excretory zvomukati, kuti ndiye yavo excretory ducts wakashama kunze, pane mukati mumuviri. Uyezve, mumasero mammary regai kubereka mahormone dzavo.

A mhinduro kunaka richava pamusoro mubvunzo: "kune omumuviri yomunyika secretion vari misodzi mumasero?" Kubva nemaonero zvokurapa, lacrimal omumuviri, uyewo dheri, haagari kuti kwemakemikari anobudiswa hurongwa, nekuti havana mukana kukudziridza kemikari-basa zvinhu.