Caesar ndiani, uye chii ndiye yakakurumbira?

Most vanhu ano vanoziva zita Yuliya Tsezarya. Zvinonzi kutaurwa sezita nokuda lettuce, mumwe mwedzi muzhizha, uyewo mune firimu uye terevhizheni. Chii ichi rinokosha mufananidzo vakakunda vanhu, vanoyeuka ani Caesar ichi, kunyange pashure zviuru zviviri zvemakore pashure porufu rwake?

mavambo

Pakutanga ramangwana mukuru, enyika uye munyori aibva mumhuri patrician Julian. Pane imwe nguva mhuri iyi akabatanidzwa basa rinokosha muupenyu Rome. Kufanana nemhuri ipi yekare, vaiva avo shanduro ngano mavambo. Mutsetse mazita avo kwakaita kuti mwarikadzi Venus.

Amai Guy aiva Aurelia Cotta, akabva imwe plebeians vakapfuma. By zita zviri pachena kuti rudzi yake yainzi Aurelius. Baba aiva Gaius Yuliy Tsezar vakura. Ndiye ari patricians.

Nhaurirano Intensive vari kupfuurira gore kuberekwa mudzvinyiriri. Kazhinji kunzi 100 kana 101 BC Kunewo hapana nekubvirana pasi nhamba. Inowanzonzi kunzi mushanduro matatu: 17 March, 12 July, 13 July.

Kuti tinzwisise zviri Kesari, anofanira kureva achiri muduku. Akakurira munzvimbo reRoma aiva nemukurumbira pane zvakaipa. Akadzidza kumba, kudzidza rechiGiriki mutauro, mabhuku, zvinotaurwa nevezvematongerwe. Zivo Greek akwanise kugamuchira mimwe dzidzo, sezvo vakawanda mapepa yesayenzi zvakanyorwa pariri. Mumwe wevadzidzisi vake aiva akakurumbira anoziva Marcus Antonius Gnipho, uyo kamwe vakadzidzisa Cicero.

Anofungidzirwa muna 85 BC Guy aifanira kutungamirira mhuri Julian nokuda tisingatarisiri rufu baba vake.

Unhu: chitarisiko, hunhu, tsika

About pakuonekwa Gaya Yuliya akasiya zvakawanda Kurondedzera akaita zvakawanda ake sculptural Portraits, kusanganisira kwoupenyu hwose. Caesar pikicha (rokuvakazve) iro rinotaurwa kumusoro, akanga, maererano Suetonius, varefu, akanaka-ganda. Akanga yakanyatsovakwa uye aiva rima yainakidza maziso,.

Enyika uye mutungamiri nemauto asi kunyatsoongorora vavatevere. Akacheka ake nzara, akaveura, ndikataura vhudzi. Ane mhanza gwapa pamberi musoro, iye akanga avanda nayo nenzira yose, combing vhudzi pamwe korona pahuma. Maererano Plutarch ZvaKesari nomuviri raiva simba chaizvo.

Vanyori vekare rakabvumirana kuti mudzvinyiriri akanga zvakasimba. Akakurumidza kupindura kuti kuchinja ezvinhu. Maererano Pliny Mukuru, akanga kukurukurirana nevanhu vazhinji Via tsamba. Kana kutsvakwa, mudzvinyiriri aigona vose kuverenga uye zvaaida kuti zvinyorwe mutsamba wandei kuti vanyori vakasiyana-siyana vanogamuchira. Muchiitiko chino, aigona panguva ino iye kunyora chinhu.

Gay Yuly akapotsa haana kunwa waini uye zvikuru vane mwero zvokudya. Panguva iyoyowo, akabudisa mauto ake muumbozha zvinhu zvakadai wezvidimbu uriri, ndiro zvinodhura. Akatenga mifananidzo, zvivezwa, varanda akanaka.

Mhuri uye upenyu pachako

Yuliy Tsezar, ane Biography anoonekwa pamutemo kuroorana katatu. Kunyange panewo mashoko pamberi michato izvi, akanga avimbiswa kuroorwa Kossutsiey. vakadzi vake vaiva:

• Koniriasi Mumiriri wemhuri.
• Pompey - mukunda mudzvinyiriri Musandu.
• Calpurnia - mumiririri mumhuri yakapfuma plebeian.

Cornelia uye mukuru aiva mwanasikana, uyo akanga akaroorwa bhururu wake Gnaeus Pompey. Kana ukama hwake Cleopatra, vakatora nzvimbo apo Gay Yuly aiva muIjipiti. Pashure paizvozvo Cleopatra aiva mwana, akapa zita nevaArekisandira Caesarion. Zvisinei, Yuliy Tsezar haana kumuziva sezvo mwanakomana wake uye akanyora zvaanoda.

Military enyika basa

Early yake basa raiva nzvimbo flamen waZeusi Guy akatora ari 80s BC Nokuti ichi, iye zviya avimbisana uye akawana mwanasikana Cornelius Cinna, uyo nominated naye nokuda ichi unokudzwa pambiru. Asi zvinhu nokukurumidza zvakachinja apo Rome akatsiviwa nesimba, uye Guy vaifanira kubuda muguta.

Kunzwisisa zviri Kesari, achibvumira mienzaniso yakawanda kubva hwake. Chimwe chaizvozvi zvakadaro, apo akanga akabatwa Pirates kuti rudzikinuro. The wezvematongerwe enyika akaregererwa, asi pakarepo pashure, akaronga kubatwa vaivatapa uye avauraya, pamuchinjikwa.

aiva ani Yuliy Tsezar muRoma yekare? Iye akabata zvinotevera nzvimbo:

• papa;
• uto wechuru;
• quaestor panyaya dzemari mune Further Spain;
• superintendent of unonzi Appian Way, izvo pakugadzira mari yazvo;
• curule aediles - anokonzera sangano mumadhorobha kuvakwa, kutengeserana, Eenhede;
• musoro tsotsi dare zvachose;
• hwose Pontifex Maximus;
• gavhuna Uyezve Spain.

All chinzvimbo izvi zvinoda havashandisi mari yakawanda. Ndinoreva akatora kubva ake chikwereti, uyo pamwe nokunzwisisa kwavo inopiwa.

chokutanga triumvirate

Mushure kubudirira gavhuna muSpain Long akamirirwa mitemo Triumph muRoma. Zvisinei, vakaramba kukudzwa kwakadaro kuti basa zvikonzero. Chokwadi kuti akauya nguva (nokuchembera), kana aigona kusarudzwa Mumiriri muna Seneti. Asi zvaida kunyoresa kuti mumiriri ari munhu. Panguva imwe cheteyo munhu ari kumirira Triumph, haagoni kuva wo nokukurumidza kubuda muguta. Aifanira kusarudza vachida mamwe basa, kurega chinokudza aivimba mukundi.

Tadzidza kuti chii munhu Kesari, zviri pachena kuti vavariro yake kumeso yakareba kuitika weSeneti wokutanga gore pazviri bvumidzwa pasi pemurairo. Panguva iyoyo zvaionekwa unokudzwa kwazvo.

Somugumisiro refu enyika mubatanidzwa policies ayananise shamwari dzake mbiri, zvichiguma yokutanga triumvirate yakabuda. Mashoko anoreva "mubatanidzwa varume vatatu." Mugore rayo zvisikwa Hazvizivikanwi kuti chokwadi, nekuti mubatanidzwa uyu akapfeka pakavanda hunhu. Vanyori venhoroondo vanofunga kuti izvi zvakaitika muna 59 kana 60 BC Inoitwa Kesari, Pompey, Crassus. Somugumisiro chiito Gaius Julius akakwanisa kuva Mumiriri.

Kuitawo Gallic War

triumvirate Yavo Yuliy Tsezar, ane Biography anoratidzwa munyaya vakava mwoyo vagari veRoma. Zvisinei, nokuda kwake kudunhu vose zvichemo rakanga kudira Gnaeus Pompey.

Panguva iyi Province Narbonne Gaul rakaumbwa mune ikozvino France. Caesar akasvika Bandar Ganaveh panzvimbo iyo zvino iri Geneva kuti hurukuro nevatungamiriri rumwe rwamarudzi yacho Celtic. Under kufurirwa vokuGermany, marudzi aya akatanga kugara munharaunda weRoma Republic. Guy aifanira kurwira nyika mudunhu pamwechete Gauls uye eGermany. Panguva iyoyowo, akatungamirira pakundopambara kuBritain.

Pashure dzakatevedzana kukunda kuna Kesari akakwanisa '50 BC kuti pasi rose Gaul kuRoma. Zvisinei, haana kukanganwa kutevera nezvakaitika Eternal City. Dzimwe nguva kunyange akapindira mavari kuburikidza proxies dzavo.

Pokugadzwa udzvinyiriri

Kare muRoma, mukuru wakasvika zvaipesana Gnaeus Pompey. Mumakore 49-45 BC Izvi zvakazoita kuti Civil War. Gay Tsezar aiva vatsigiri vakawanda zvose pamusoro Italy. Akavhomora kudivi rake guru chikamu hondo uye akaenda kuRoma. Pompey akatizira Greece. Hondo zvinopindura munyika. Mukuru uye mauto ake alternated Unobata uye kurasikirwa. Kurwa kusarudza chakanga Hondo Pharsalus, Kumukundi kwakanga Kesari.

Gnaeus aifanira kutiza zvakare. nguva ino akaenda kuIjipiti. Julius akaenda pashure pake. Hapana vavengi havana kutarisira kuuraya Pompey muIjipiti. Ikoko Gay Yuly akamanikidzwa yokudziyira. Pakutanga, chikonzero chaiva vanoshorwa zvikepe mhepo, uye ipapo wavarwi yakasarudza kuvandudza mamiriro ake mari nokuda Ptolemaic hwedzinza. Saka, akava ubatanidzwe kutamburira choushe pakati regumi namatatu Ptolemy uye Cleopatra.

MuIjipiti, akapedza mwedzi mishoma, ipapo akaramba danidziro ake kudzorera rweRoma, uko akatanga kumedura nokuda Civil War.

Caesar akava mutongi katatu:

1. Muna 49 BC, mazuva 11, achibva Akasiya.
2. Muna '48 BC, nokuti gore rimwe, ipapo akaramba kwake sezvo woruwa, uye gare gare Mumiriri.
3. In 46 BC Akava mutongi pamwe musingaitwi kururamiswa nokuda kwemakore 10.

Naizvozvo, simba rake rose kwaibva muchiuto, sarudzo zvaKesari kuna vose vaivapo nzvimbo yaiva chokungoendawo.

Panguva yokutonga kwake, naGayo Julius Caesar (Photo chivezwa kunogona kuonekwa pamusoro), pamwe chete neshamwari yake akabata zvakasiyana siyana zvinhu. Zvisinei, kuona izvo vavo chokuita panguva hwake zvakananga, zviri zvakaoma. Yakakurumbira ndiyo kuchinja zvinhu pakarenda Roman. Vagari vaifanira kuenda zuva karenda, iyo yakataurwa nemasayendisiti kubva Alexandria Sozingen. Saka, muna 45 BC kwakanga ikozvino kuzivikanwa vose karenda Julian.

Rufu uye Testamende

Zvino zviri pachena ndiye Yuliy Tsezar, ane Biography rakapera zvikuru zvaisiririsa. In 44 BC rangano rakaumbwa pamusoro hwake autocratic. Vashori uye vatsigiri mudzvinyiriri vakatya akanga Adhamu aizviti mambo. Rimwe boka akatungamirirwa Mark Yuny Brutus.

Pamusangano weSeneti vamukira vakaziva pfungwa Caesar kuparadzwa. On muviri wake mushure umhondi yakawanikwa 23 maronda uchibaya. Vagari veRoma akapisa muviri panguva Forum.

Gay Yuly akaita ake mutsivi muzukuru Gaius Octavius (akazomurera), akazvipinza-mumativi matatu nhaka, uye akanzi seizvi: Gaius Yuliy Tsezar.

Panguva yokutonga kwake, akaramba mutemo sacralization pachavo zita nedzinza. Zviripachena, kubudirira kuita yake kusimudzira yake munhu kumbenge ake. Zvichida ndokusaka munyika yanhasi pamusoro Gayo Yuliya Tsezarya rinozivikanwa vadzidzi, uye vamiririri unyanzvi nyika.