Mikhail Tukhachevsky: photo, pfupi Biography pamusoro Tuhachevskogo Mihaila Nikolaevicha

Tukhachevsky aiva mumwe kupfuura unyanzvi uye inonyatsozivikanwa vatungamiriri Red Army munguva Civil War. Aiva pakati shanu achaunganidza Soviet Union wokutanga. Tukhachevsky akapfurwa muna 1937 panguva purges Dzvuku Army.

Kusarudza rechiuto basa

Tukhachevsky akaberekwa February 16, 1893 mumhuri chakanaka. The mukomana muduku kwazvo mumhanzi. Akadzidza kuridza gitare. Pave paya, uto vakava shamwari neshamwari munyori Dmitri Shostakovich.

Pausiku World First War Mihail Tuhachevsky Alexandrov iye chikoro zvechiuto. Akanga akanakisisa mukuranga zvedzidzo chaitwa pakati vezera ravo. Before Tukhachevsky akazarura ichikwezva basa tarisiro. Muzhizha ra1914, mauto akasarudza kuenda kune Semenov hondo. Mune ramangwana, aigona kuenda Academy of General Staff.

A gore asati muMoscow, Mikhail Tukhachevsky, panguva mhemberero yacho 300th musi unoenderana Romanov youmambo, chaipiwa kuna Emperor Nicholas II. Mune remangwana, muupenyu hwake hwoumambo, uye pave paya mukuru Soviet vakatsvaka vabudirire kunonyanyisa iri nebasa mumunda yavo. Pasina mubvunzo, iye aida uye chinangwa. shamwari zhinji neshamwari akamuenzanisa Napoleon. Somuenzaniso, ake irrepressible vavariro iri netsamba dzake, rakabudiswa muPrague muna 1928, anoyeuka mukirasi Vladimir Postoronkin.

Mauto tsarist

Kakawanda, Mikhail Tukhachevsky vakaisa zvakasimba uye akamboda zvakawanda zviito kuti kushandisa zvichiitika mikana pamberi pake. Sezvo mauto, akanga rombo chaizvo kuva panguva Russia ruzivo World Wokutanga Civil War.

Ounyanzvi, uye inotevera chiitiko. Kunyange munguva dzorugare, kudzidza kubva mukuru gore kuchikoro kwake muchiuto, Mikhail Tukhachevsky akanyora mushumo utungamiriri, izvo akashuma kusazvibata mudiki Cadets. Zvakatanga zvekufamba. Somugumisiro, Junkers matatu (Krasovskiy, Avdeev uye Janowski) kuzviuraya.

pakutapwa German

MuHondo Yenyika I, Tukhachevsky akanga akabatwa vokuGermany. Musasa, muna Ingolstadt akatanga kuziva ramangwana purezidhendi wokuFrance Charles de Gaulle. Zvino zvinhu muutapwa akanga asina zvakadai, somuenzaniso, mumisasa yevasungwa yeNazi Germany. Vasungwa akasunungura pasi Chamba pamusoro pazororo mutaundi riri pedyo. Uchishandisa ino, dzezvivi, wamambo mukuru vakatiza.

Tukhachevsky Mikhail Nikolayevich, mupfupi Biography iyo somunda muchiuto akatanga kubva pakutapwa German, akavenga Germany. Nechekare muSoviet Union, sezvo Deputy commissar Kudzivirira, aiwanzotaura aitambisa diatribes pamusoro nyika iyi.

Polish danidziro

Mushure October Revolution, Tukhachevsky vakabatanawo Bolsheviks. Mune Red Army, akakurumidza pachimwe uye mukurumbira. Muchirimo 1920 Tukhachevsky akagadzwa mutungamiri Western Front, apo Red Army akanga hondo pamwe Poland. Panguva iyi, White kufamba yakakundwa anenge kose. Zvino, Bolsheviks vakakwanisa kutamira Implementation rayo hurongwa wenyika chimurenga. Kana Red Army yakapinda muPoland, vashandi rokumukira aigona kutanga mamwe Europe. ipapo Lenin akaisa mberi akakurumbira sirogani "A Warsaw kuna Berlin uye Paris."

The apogee pamusoro kutanga Tukhachevsky aiva chidzoke of Red Army napanzvimbo guru Polish musi 14 Nyamavhuvhu. Zvisinei, mazuva maviri gare gare vakatanga counteroffensive Pilsudski. Somugumisiro, mashoko Poles vakasvika Minsk. Chaiva zvachose vanyatsoparadzwa. Akanga hakunei kukundikana Tukhachevsky pachake, asi kungoti kutsanangurwa vavariro zvikonzero. Russian akarwa kwemakore 7 kubvira pakutanga World War First. Vakanga vaneta. Panguva iyo echimurenga manzwiro vashandi muPoland vaiva simba zvikuru kupfuura chido cherusununguko. Nokuti vanhu venyika ino kusvika Bolsheviks ainyanya nokusvika Russian.

storming pamusoro Kronstadt

Rugare chibvumirano kwePoland yakaitwa wakasainwa musi 18 March 1921, panguva apo Tukhachevsky akakurira yemuna muna Kronstadt. Raakasvika Petrograd 5 nhamba. Akanga basa kubata vanopandukira vezvikepe pachitsuwa iri pedyo kusvikira March 8, apo vakaronga pakuvhurwa X Congress of Party.

Yakatanga yakakurumbira storming pakati Cadets, vachifora mhiri muaizi muGulf of Finland. Panguva iyoyowo, Lenin pamusangano of Political Bureau akabvuma kubvisa nderwevaya-appropriation muzadzike rimwe zvinodiwa mupanduki vezvikepe, vane ichiitirwa mhuri nenzara nokuti Bolsheviks vakatora chihururu yavo yose. Kupandukira woutsinye pashure rechipiri kurwisa March 18. Pausiku inondimukira vezvikepe vakaisa pasi maoko avo, kusuka uriri uye vakamirira dambudziko rake. Vamwe vakatama kuFinland.

The kudzvinyirira of murimi mudiki rokumukira

The Kronstadt kumukira yaiva chikamu pokurwa pakati Bolsheviks muna 1921 pakutanga. Mushure kunokunda vezvikepe Tukhachevsky akaenda Antonovskiy vamise kupanduka. Izvi murimi mudiki Kupandukira kwakatanga muna Tambov mudunhu iri pakati-1920. Mutungamiri vapanduki rakanga Alexander Antonov, nokuti chii akazozivikanwa pakaunda-kuipandukira "Antonovites". Ndisingambofariri vakuru veSoviet vomumusha vakatora zvombo uye akaumba Union of kushanda miduku yokuruwa. Sangano rino kunyange wokurera zvakarongwa pachavo enyika. miduku yokuruwa chinodiwa kupidigura unovengwa Bolsheviks uye Constituent Assembly. Antonov kwamuka nokuda enzara mumusha nokuda nderwevaya uye vanoparadza mitemo yehondo communism.

Muna April 1921, pięć Sklyansky, aimbova rworudyi Trotsky wake Mutevedzeri muna Revolutionary Military Council, Lenin akatuma mumwe dzemari umo zvinganaka kuti Tukhachevskogo kunyanya kukonzera pokukundwa vapanduki Tambov. The gamba pakati ari Civil War, zvisinei, asingagoni kurwa vanhu vavo. It zvakabvumiranwa kuti Tukhachevsky Mikhail Nikolayevich anogadzwa yega mukuru muna Tambov mudunhu, pasina mbirikira pachaunga. Mauto akapiwa mwedzi kubvisa "Antonov emakoronyera." Panguva iyoyowo Tukhachevsky Mikhail Nikolayevich akamuka kubva pakati mhedziso rusununguko chiito. Nguva yaratidza kuti akatora rugure.

The hondo guerrillas

On May 6, Tambov akauya Mikhail Tukhachevsky. A pfupi Biography ari munhu ane muenzaniso kuitika uye inoshamisa basa yasimuka. Akakundwa kuPoland, mukuru akaisa muchinjikwa ramangwana rake. Asi muna 1921, iye, anoonga kudzvinyirira of Kronstadt yokupanduka uye yemuna Antonovskoe, asingagoni chete kunzi ari pamberi Politburo, asi mukana mberi kusimudzira mukuru muna Red Army.

Zvaakanga vakafunga mamiriro ezvinhu pasi, Tukhachevsky Mikhail Nikolayevich May 12 chirevo nhamba 130, zvichienderana izvo guerrillas vaiva vanhuwo zvavo tipe. Kana mupanduki haana kuisa pasi zvombo zvavo, mhuri yake yakanga asungwa. Veukama vhiki mbiri vakaramba chaiyo yevasungwa. Kana murimi asina zvaziviswa uye pashure, kwakabva mhuri akaenda kuSiberia.

Against kumashure ichi, May 28, Red Army vachifamba inogumbura. June 11 aiva hurongwa idzva, munyori chakanga Tuhachevskiy Mihail Nikolaevich. Zvino, mauto akanzwisisa kodzero kupfura vanhu vairamba kuzviti nezita. Pakazosvika August, nokudzingwa kwave kuchiita vanenge zviuru 70 mhuri. Zvinofadza Army Tukhachevsky woutsinye kumukira Antonovites uye ramangwana gamba makore 26 Great Patriotic War Georgy Zhukov.

Kushandiswa kwemakemikari zvombo

In Tambov dunhu Tuhachevskiy Mihail Nikolaevich akatora itsva pazano hondo. Nechekare ari 30s, panguva pamusoro-soro rake basa, akanyora uye neuto yokungotaura zvinyorwa. Several zvakashandiswa vakazvipira namakemikari zvombo. Shandisa gasi Tukhachevsky pfungwa vadzidzi vaibva Eagle. Michina iyi inoshandiswa fumigate vanhuwo zvavo kubva mumasango.

Gas akatanga kutanga kunonoka chete pashure Moscow vakauya Masiki. New nzira nezvibereko. In pakati paJuly 1921, Lenin akagamuchira mushumo kuti simba yeSoviet hwakagadzwa Tambov mudunhu kwose kwose. Munyori pepa raiva Mikhail Tukhachevsky. Biography imwe hondo-gore 28 kwakaratidza chimwe kukunda pa musoro Red Army. Antonov kudzvinyirira of murimi mudiki yemuna yaiva yakakwirira tsika yake muchiuto. Kubvira ipapo, iye akabata mukuru zvinzvimbo, asi hondo haina kuitika.

"Dhimoni of Civil War"

Chii chinokosha kuti nhoroondo Soviet Tuhachevskiy Mihail Nikolaevich? The Biography munhu uyu muenzaniso wokushandiswa wamambo mukuru muna Red Army akakwana. The Bolsheviks vakasvika simba, vakakwanisa kuhwina Civil War, zvikuru nemhaka yokuti vakatanga pamwe nenyanzvi nemauto akanga vakashumira mambo.

The initiator izvi kusanduka mutemo akava sachigaro Revolutionary Military Council Lev Trotsky. Kunobatanidza vakuru vakadai Tukhachevsky Mikhail Nikolayevich, muna Civil War akaratidza sei kodzero aiva Lev Davidovich. Vari muzvinhu zvakawanda, nenzira, zvaiva zvakafanana. Trotsky achinzi "dhimoni chimurenga." Lev Davidovich pachake aikosheswa Tukhachevsky. Kamwe akati pamusoro wemasoja se "dhimoni racho Civil War."

Security vakuru aine pfuti

Muna 1929, yokuGermany basa njere raparurwa tisare kuti mutumwa German General Staff haasi munhu, uye Mikhail Tukhachevsky. Photo mukuru akabva akatendeukira yepachivande mapurisa eSoviet chakavanzika. Kunyange kuburikidza guta raiva dzose danidziro purges Dzvuku Army. Mauto vakasunga zviuru zvakawanda tsarist vatariri. Vaviri vavo (Trinity uye Kokorin) akapa umboo pamusoro Tukhachevsky. Vaimbove mutevedzeri vamupomera amukira hurumende uye chido kuronga zvemauto akabvuta chigaro.

On kubvunzurudzwa, Kokorin uye Utatu akaudza Stalin. Yakanga, muna 1930, marudzi mutungamiri vakasarudza njodzi Tukhachevsky. In mutungamiriri uto pakuiswa dema chiratidzo. Kunyange zvakadaro, Stalin akamirira makore mashomanana, zvishoma nezvishoma paaigadzirira zvachose Kucheneswa Red Army pamhemberero kutya Great.

Mukutanga thirties Tukhachevsky aiva mukuru Leningrad Military District. November 7, 1933, musi unoenderana October Revolution, akatungamirira kwakawanda pamusoro Red Square. Muna 1935, akava mumwe shanu achaunganidza Soviet Union wokutanga. Kwapera gore, mutungamiriri wehondo akagadzwa Deputy Defense commissar Voroshilov.

akawira

Panguva ino, makakatanwa akakura muEurope. MuGermany, vaNazi vakauya simba. Zvinonzi kusvika hondo, uye Stalin kwakaita kusavimbana kwakatosimba. Zvakanga ake kutya nokuda simba rake chaiva chikonzero chikuru kuti udzvanyiriri vari Red Army. Popular, mudiki uye vakadzidza Marshal Mikhail Tukhachevsky muhondo huru Stalin haana kudiwa.

May 1, 1937, pashure kwakawanda, pamusoro utungamiri Soviet vakaramba vanopemberera zororo furati panguva Voroshilov. Stalin ipapo tositi akati kuti "vavengi" munyika vachange ringazivikanwa uye kuparadzwa. The udzvanyiriri vakatotanga, asi hondo hakusati mwoyo. Mazuva mashoma pashure chiitiko ichi womwoyo Tukhachevsky akanga adzingwa pambiru Deputy vanhu commissar Kudzivirira. Akatumwa kurayira Volga Military District.

Dai 22, 1937 Marshal anosungwa Kuibyshev. Munguva kubvunzurudzwa Tukhachevsky akabvuma kuti kugadzirira zvemauto akabvuta chigaro. Kuti aite izvi, iye zvichipomerwa akanga kuenda kuronga Red Army kukundwa munyika inotevera hondo vokuGermany kana eJapan. June 11 Tukhachevsky akatongerwa rufu vasori uye ndamukirwa. Akanga akapfura usiku chete. Marshall akanga paakanga afa rehabilitated muna 1957.