ChiBuddha. Bodhisattva - chii ichi?

In chiBuddha, pane anonakidza chisikwa, iyo inonzi bodhisattva. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti vanova zvakaoma, asi zvinoita, saka vazhinji vanoita izvi nzira, tsvaka kuita zvinodiwa nehurumende. Munyaya ino uchawana mhinduro yomubvunzo: Bodhisattva - ndiani ichi? Unogonawo kudzidza nzira iyo zvinofanira kuva, uye nhungamiro ayo vakatevera.

Shoko rokuti "Bodhisattva"

Bodhisattva - munhu (panyika), uyo kuenzana chiedza, asi kusiyana haana kusiya nyika yacho Buddha uye kuruboshwe. Chinangwa chake chiri nyore uye panguva imwecheteyo yakaoma - kubatsira vanhu kwavo nzira kukura pakunamata. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti bodhisattva anganzi chinoitwa anenge aziva bhumi wokutanga. Kusvikira ichi chinoitika, rinoshandisa shoko rokuti "dzhatisattva".

Bodhisattva kazhinji vanorarama murugare nevamwe vanhu, vachichengeta mhiko uye achigara panzira. Vari kusiyaniswa tsitsi uye tsitsi kune vamwe vanhu. In "Vimalakirti Sutra", unogona kuwana nyaya imwe bodhisattva kurwara. Asi kana akabvunza pamusoro nei ari kurwara, zvino mhinduro iri vakagamuchira sezvinotevera: urwere kwakaitika kubva tsitsi zvikuru vanhu vanorwara. Saka, iye sokuti kuti zvirire kuti wavelength yavo.

Kazhinji, zvinofungidzirwa kuti nokusvika chisikwa yakadaro pasi - chiri chikomborero chikuru. Uyewo, bodhisattva nguva dzose vade vanhu vanoda kunzwa uchenjeri kwavari. Vamwe tiwane zvakafanira achapesana, izvo zvinoita kuti zvikurumidze kuchinja upenyu hwake.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mune tsika dzakasiyana chiBuddha, dzidziso iyi ndiyo siyanei, uyewo nzira gwara chaizvo. More mashoko pamusoro ichi achanyorwa zvishoma yakaderera.

Panotanga kuti bodhisattva

Nokuti kokutanga Bodhisattva muchiBuddha iri kutaurwa kutanga kwekupwanyiwa kukura sangano rechitendero ichi. Inogona kuwanika tanga sutras, zvakadai Saddharmapundarika Sutra (rinoti zvisikwa maviri navatatu vakadaro) nirdesha Vimalakirti Sutra (zvinoratidzwa zvinopfuura makumi mashanu).

Purpose bodhisattvas

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, mashoko bodhisattva - ndiye anenge zvakakwanisika kunzwisisa. basa rake ino - kuti kutambura nomufaro, zvose pacharo nevamwe. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti nheyo tsika pazvisikwa dzakadaro.

Maererano nedzimwe mishumo, pane mhando mbiri Bodhisattvas. Vamwe zvakanaka chete, zviito zvavo zvinogona kuva kunokuvadza kana kuti pachavo kana kuti mumwe munhu. Saka, havasi -wedzera karma rikasaguma, nokusingaperi achiita zvakanaka.

The pamusoro bodhisattva mhando rechipiri kunosanganisira kuunganidza karma akaipa, kuita mabasa akaipa zvakanaka kwevamwe. Uye iye anonyatsoziva nezviito zvake uye chirango pavo (achipinda dzakaderera nyika afa). Vazhinji vanodavira kuti ndiyo nzira yechipiri inoda zvakawanda kushinga.

hazvishanduki mhiko

Danho rinokosha chaizvo kuwana ufanane bodhisattva nokupika, kuti rinopa usati watanga achikwira kukwira masitepisi. Kamuka kutarisirwa zvimwe zvisikwa, kubviswa urema siyana pachayo, kuchengetwa yetsika, uye zvichingodaro. D. Uyewo kupinda kosi iyi anopa mhiko uye mamwe mana mhiko huru.

Hunhu (paramitas) bodhisattva

In bodhisattvas pane zvimwe unhu hazvigoni Kuomerera kusiya akasarudzwa nzira hazvirambi kushandisa vanhu vose. In sutras siyana, ivo akatsanangura yakasiyana nhamba, asi isu ichataura gumi inokosha:

• Dana Paramita. Rupo, chinopa siyana zvikomborero, zvose zvokunyama, uyewo mipiro.
• Sila-paramita. Kuchengetwa mhiko, kuti ndiyo. E. Vanosungirwa kutevera mirairo uye mitemo, izvo zvinobatsira tijekerwe.
• Kshanti-Paramita. Patience, izvo anobvumira varege kunzwa ruvengo uye vaiswa parumananzombe. Asi unhu uhwu anogona kunzi coolness - achifamba ruffle zvakaoma.
• Virya-paramita. Kushingaira (kuedza) - pane kufunga chete, mumwe chiito uye kutungamirirwa.
• Dhyana-Paramita. Kufungisisa - kuenda wevasungwa, samadhi.
• Prajna parmita. Kubudirira uye kuziva chemhando uchenjeri, chido nokuti.
• Upaya-Paramita. Zvakapesana iyo bodhisattvas tinunure avo vanoda kubatsirwa. A chinokosha ndechokuti mumwe nomumwe kune musoro nzira, vachibvumira zvakananga kutambura munzira kubva vhiri kuti samsara.
• Pranidhana-Paramita. Mhiko kuti vanofanira zvinoenderana Bodhisattva.
• Bala-Paramita. simba romukati, inotaura kumativi ose uye kubatsira vaya vari kuda kuva mukuru ari munzira simba.
• Jnana-paramita. Knowledge, kunoratidza mukana chinozvimirira munzvimbo dzakasiyana zvachose.

Stage okukura of Bodhisattvas

Kunewo inegumi of Bodhisattva. Danho rimwe nerimwe zvinotora rebirths zhinji, uye zvinotora zvikuru zvakawanda mamiriyoni emakore. Saka, zvisikwa izvi nokuzvidira chatichaita pachavo kuti vhiri kuti samsara kuitira kubatsira kubuda mariri mumwe chisikwa. Funga pamwero (bhumi) Bodhisattva (vari zvakatorwa kubva mumabhuku maviri - "Madhyamikavatary" uye "Holy Sutra yendarama"):

• uyo ane chikuru mufaro;
• kusvibiswa;
• kupenya;
• mumurazvo;
• saonekwa;
• akaratidza;
• kure;
• Real Estate;
• dobromudry;
• dharma gore.

Bodhisattva mu Hinayana

Unofanirawo kufunga chii bodhisattva muchiBuddha tsika dzakasiyana. Panguva iyoyo, sei chitendero ichi, vamwe vakatanga kutora neimwewo nzira kuvhenekerwa, uye ukama nevamwe vanhu.

Saka, muna Hinayana Bodhisattva - chinoitwa (muviri wake kwakasiyana zvachose, akadai zvemhuka, munhu kana mumiririri mapuraneti hellish), izvo asarudza kuenda zvose nenzira kuva Buddha. Chisarudzo akadaro anofanira inobva zvikuru chido kusiya vhiri kuti samsara.

The mirayiridzo hinayana kwakadaro venyama anogona chete kuva Buddha vaimbova (kwete anopfuura makumi maviri nezvina), uye kusvikira nguva pazvinenge navo. Bodhisattva anofanira kusangana mumwe pakaberekwa Buddha, izvo zvinoita kuti uprofita nguva yemberi kuvhenekerwa.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti tsika Hinayana bodhisattvas - ichi hachisi akakodzera muviri. Vazhinji vateveri tichivavarira kubudirira arhanta chinzvimbo, iyo anonzi vatsvene, akaenda zvose nzira Nirvana pachavo, kungoita mirayiridzo Buddha. Hapana munhu pano haagoni kubatsira. Izvi nokuti dzidziso iyi haigoni kuva nyore mutendi kuwana Buddhahood.

Bodhisattva muna Mahayana

Bodhisattva muna Mahayana chiBhudha ane siyanei chinzvimbo, asi mukati pacharo, iro rakaumbwa zvikuru paya pane yapfuura mumwe, kwakasiyana. The chikuru chepfungwa Mahayana ndiyo pfungwa yokuti munhu wose anogona kuponeswa, avo vanotenda uye anoona mhiko. Ndokusaka sangano, uye akapiwa zita raro, iro richiri rakashandurwa se "Vehicle Great".

In Mahayana chiBuddha, mumwe Bodhisattva - rechitendero yakanaka kuti munhu wose anofanira kuvimbisa kuti muteveri kuitika. Arhanty iyo Hinayana idealized nechokwadi nokuti kuti zvinoodza pachake kunofambira, kwete nehanya nevamwe vanhu vachitambura. Saka, zvazvinosarira mukati yechinangwa chake "I".

Kazhinji, asi Mahayana nzira arhanstva - rakamanikana uye udyire nzira. Mahayana dzatinogona pfungwa nhatu: kuwana arhanstva, ipapo kuvhenekerwa Pratyeka Buddhas uye bodhisattvas nzira pacharo.

Bodhisattva muna Vajrayana

In Vajrayana Bodhisattva - musanganiswa zvimwe akanaka mufananidzo mumwe kuita yoga uyo Inoziva ose siddhas. Iwo musimboti Chokwadi, kana pacharo akasimuka zvikuru paya pane yapfuura maviri. Chimwe chinhu ndechokuti vamwe Bodhisattva vamwe emanations of Buddhas. Saka, nheyo munzira vakakwana akarasika.

Vamwe bodhisattvas vanogara munyika yedu

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pane pantheon pamusoro bodhisattvas, mazita izvo dzinosiyana nechimwe panguva chiBuddha. Somuenzaniso, muna Mahayana unogona kusangana kwokutanga bodhisattvas chaivo vapenyu vaiva vakasiyana zvokukura kwayo kukura. Aryaasanga ichi (wechitatu pamwero), Naagaarjuna (pfumbamwe yomuropa), uye vamwe. Chinokosha vanoonekwa Avalokitershvara, Ksitigarbha, Manjushree and unto.

Maitreya - a Bodhisattva, izvo zvinofanira kukurumidza kuuya panyika. Iye zvino Anomhanyira guru cheki mudenga bhora Tusita anoda. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti vairemekedza bodhisattva mune dzenzvimbo zvose chiBuddha.

mhedziso

Zvino imi munoziva mhinduro yomubvunzo: Bodhisattva muchiBuddha - chii? Pasinei nokuti atinoitwa zvisikwa izvi kwakasiyana-siyana chiBuddha yakasiyana, mumwechete wavo uye nokurovererwa chakaoma, nokuti paumbwe gwara ichi anofanira kuva akasimba uye mweya.