Chii Basil? Basil mbeu, mizambiringa yakabva kumwe, vachidyara

Zvirokwazvo kupfuura mumwe munhu ari dzimwe nguva ndakazvibvunza zviri Basil. Zvinoita sokuti kuva yaizivikanwa zvose zvinomerapo, chete sei kurapa uye kuti anotarisa - izvo chaizvoizvo kuziva vakasvimha.

Chii Basil?

Basil (muchiGiriki - "Royal") - mumwe kufarira inonhuhwira, chizvarwa Asia, munguva dzekare akanga nyaya nokuyemura muna kuCeylon, Greece, Iran uye India, uye maIndia vaiona naye "Zvino" anoenda kudonha muparadhiso akafa. Nezvishongo Basil akawanikwa muIjipiti mapiramidhi, izvo zvinoratidza guru zera iri chirimwa. Mune zvaakanyora, ichi mushonga somushonga vanotaurwa Avicenna, Hippocrates naPliny Roman weduramanzwi. VokuEurope kwenguva refu nguva aiva Spicy tsika shora; Pakanga kunyange kudavira kuti chirimwa ichi wakatukwa, chinonhuwira, munhu ndikaita magic kunochinja ekupedzisira rive chinyavada. Chete mushure emakore mashomanana, Europe achiri kunyatsonzwisisa zvinorehwa Basil, uye aimuda nokuda kweminda pakubika uye semushonga. MuItaly akanga vaiona chiratidzo wembereko uye mhuri zvakanaka.

Kutarisika

Chitarisiko Basil: yakanaka decoration gwenzi mapazi fomu (kusvika 60 masendimita kureba) pamwe oblong-denderedzwa kupenyerera mashizha, dziberekane iyo zvichisiyana rakajeka rwegirini kuti pepuru. Mapepa zvinosiyana kwete ruvara; mune mhando dzakasiyana, vanogona kuva dissimilarly shaped: chemarata, pamwe kwakandionza micheto kana chete sandara. Ndicho naMwari munhuwi yokupedzisira Chikonzero chikuru kuti yaikura Basil. At kumigumo dzakanzi pakati zvinomera akaronga racemiform Inflorescence dzakasiyana ruvara (kubva Pink akacheneruka kuti yakatsvukuruka Violet). Maruva nguva iri July-August; panguva ino anobudiswa Basil pakubika, nokuda kuunganidza mafuta hunokosha mashizha, akafuma zvikuru.

Basil: kudyara

Zvichida chero connoisseurs anoda kuva pamusoro zano yenyu inogara yakachena omesa. Naizvozvo zvakafanira kuti kuziva sei kudyara Basil. Zviri nani kuti vasarudze wakavhurika jeka dzinodiwa rakaorera. Zvinokosha kuyeuka kuti pane imwe nguva iri pasi kudyara Basil mumutsetse hauna varumbidzwa kwemakore anoverengeka, zvikasadaro zvichakutungamirira kuti chirwere Fusarium, umo shava makwapa zvinoumba pamashizha. In dzakamboitika yokudyara munhu Spicy tsika inogona kudyarwa Achangopedza pane 5 years. Hazvina chinodiwa kuti Precursors nemagariro ichi vaiva Spicy nembatatisi, madomasi, wemagaka nebhinzi.

Basil mizambiringa yakabva kumwe wakasimwa pakachena pasi chete pakutanga June (kunyanya manheru kana izuva ramakore), nokuti muti ndiwo kupisa-rudo chaizvo, havagoni kushivirira yakaderera tembiricha kungoerekana frosts kunyanya. Pre-isa fotereza ivhu inotevera: nomumwe mativi mita kuwedzera 2 makirogiramu kuti mufudze, peat uye manyowa uye pakarepo pashure achiwana zvizhinji wakadiridzwa (kudzivirira mvura iya inodziya). Basil, chakasimwa usina kuoma kuti wakasimwa pane chinhambwe 15-20 masendimita voga, mutsara spacing inofanira kuva masendimita anenge 30.

Achikura mbeu nokuti mizambiringa yakabva kumwe

Kunyange zvazvo Basil mizambiringa yakabva kumwe yaitengeswa pamusika, unogona kuedza kukura iwe - risingabereki kutora zvikuru. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, pakutanga April munyika izere yakakanyiwa substrate (peat, manyowa uye bindu ivhu zvienzane zvikuru) dzinenge 1 masendimita zvakadzama crates vari vakadyara mbeu kuti aine maonero kumukuru zvichibvira pre-kumera imere.

Asati kudyara, ivhu inokurudzirwa kudiridza zvinotevera mhinduro: 5 litres mvura kukurumidza ½ tii zvipunu urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride uye potassium sulphate. mbeu Basil imere zvakanakisisa pane imwe tembiricha kuti 25-28 inegumi, saka zvinotarisirwa vachikwanisa vaduku awo zvinogona kufukidzwa kwakajairika girazi kana firimu. Basil mizambiringa yakabva kumwe kuonekwa kutsanya zvakakwana kare 7-8 mazuva. Uye chinokosha hanya vechiduku miti regai zvinoda; chinokosha panguva ino yakakodzera achidiridzira. Tinogona kubvumira waterlogged ivhu, zvimwe chirimwa anogona kurwara uye kufa.

Unogona kudyara Basil kamwe pakachena pasi grooves akaita kuti nokukurumidza kumera inokurudzirwa kufukidza pamwe foil kusvikira kwaita mizambiringa yakabva kumwe.

Care Basil

How kudyara Basil pfungwa zvinonzwisisika. Asi mushure achiri kunodiwa uye hanya, chokuita nenguva achidiridzira (sezvo nokuomesa ivhu), uye nguva dzose dzokudya (kamwe mwedzi senitrogen fetiraiza, ane chimwe nechinangwa masero kukura uswa guru zvinomera).

First kuberekesa zvinoitwa mazuva 12 mushure transplanting; Unokwanisa kushandisa nitrofos, 2 tbsp. nezvirongo iyo kunodiwa kuti mudutu 12 litres mvura. Kunwa pa 1 ba. mita aiva 3-4 litres kuti akagadzirira sezvamunoita.

anogona maximize Bazi Basil nokubvisa madzinde kuratidzika; vaduku mashizha uye misoro iyi zvichiita kuti ndiparadzemo kwechinguvana kaviri.

Varumbidzwa kanoverengeka mwaka kuti inoraswa zvinomera nemasora uye kusunungura ivhu, pashure iyo miti anofanira rakadiridzwa zvakanaka.

Basil iri zvakakwana husingakwanisi chimiro zvipukanana uye zvirwere, izvo zvine ngozi kusvibisa uye blackleg. Ivo zvinogona kukonzerwa nokutaurisa achidiridzira. Kurwisa chirwere inokurudzirwa kuunganidza hosha zvinomera, avo kuparadza uye kwazvo nokuchera ivhu pashure pakukohwa.

Rokuchenesa Basil: Features

Rokuchenesa kuitika Basil sezvavanokura zvokusarudza. Pakutanga maruva kubviswa pedyo kupfuura anonhuwira manyoro uye mashizha, kuunganidzwa kwemari waida kuita nokungwarira zvikuru, achicheka kana kuputsana. mashizha, kuti asabatwa ribviswe kunyika huru chirimwa. Muna July, pane imwe nekukwirira 15-20 masendimita anogona kubviswa pemashanga Basil, uye zvinomera pachavo - sora, isa fotereza nitrate uye zvakarurama dira. Izvi achasarudza zvakaitwa Basil kusango pakuguma August achagovera yechipiri vanoshingaira kukura nemashizha, iyo inogona kubviswa pamberi chando. Kuomesa yakaunganidzwa mbishi zvinhu zvinodiwa mumumvuri (mwanda) pa nzvimbo, apo dzose riparadzirwe mhepo aripo.

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana Basil

1. Basil (kana mapindu). Kana musingadaro Anonziwo camphor - nokuti cake, zvishoma akafanana clove, kuravira. Rinoparadzirwa ichi zvemarudzi pose, makwenzi kwayo kusvika kukwirira 50 cm.

2. Basil Brown. zita rake rechipiri - Mexican. Chirimwa kunosvika rimwe nekukwirira hafu meter, ane maruva nezvishava, mashizha chairwo kuravidza nekinamoni.

3. Basil yepepuru. Zita iri rakanga siyana ruvara mashizha - guru, kumeso uye dzine dzinoratidzwa kuputsika munuhwi. Ndiwo inonyanya kufarirwa siyana pakati vanhu Caucasus; "Regan," ipapo anonzi.

4. Lemon Basil. Strong ndimu munuhwi uye kuravira - ndivo nevamwe zviri mukirasi ichi, Semi-kuparadzira mumakwenzi ayo achishandisa vakawanda shizha uremu (250 magiramu pa gwenzi) inozivikanwa.

5. Basil danda. Chirimwa riri undersized, pamwe melenkimi anonhuwira mashizha, idenderedzwa chimiro, nekukwirira masendimita 15 chete. Mashizha uye matavi tinoberekwa yakasimba clove munhuhwi. Basil leaved mhando inowanzoshandiswa upfu fomu sezvo omesa wokutanga uye wechipiri nezvirongo, uye mufushwa uye sauces sezvo analoginen clove uye allspice. Its munuhwi Nezvakakuyiwa dzakadaro vanoramba for 3 years.

Useful ehupfumi kuti Basil

A zvinokosha Chikamu Basil anoita ichi mushonga kwakakurumbira chaizvo mune zvimwe miriwo. The pasi Chikamu ine yakawanda mavhitaminzi - A, C, PP, B2 - shuga, kugadzikana uye carotene. Zvisinei, kuti revane mutengo ndiwo mafuta kuchikosha unounza kudiwa chirimwa yakananga kunaka uye pemhino. Rine vazhinji zvinokosha zvinhu kuti aite Basil rave zvinobudirira kushandiswa chevarwere somushonga tonic, diuretic, antipyretic, Anti-anogumbura uye antibacterial mumiririri. infusions ake podza chinyamunhari chinorwadza, flatulence, kuvandudza kugaya; Zviri rakanakisisa chishandiso rinoshandiswa kurigeza huro, kuifukidza anorumanya uye panenge pachirwadza, rheumatism, uye chokubvisa nomusoro. Uyewo, akaoma kana matsva miriwo ndiyo hwaro achiporesa zvinonhuwirira dzokugezera rakanyorovera tsinga. Zvinovaka muviri kuwanikwa miti (kunyanya camphor), batsira kusimbisa kumwoyo uye kubatsira muviri kuti abudirire apore mu ari postoperative munguva.

Basil - musi mumwe tafura

Saka pashure zvose kuti Basil ichi? Uyu omesa chaizvo nyama madhishi uye hove, kuvatendeusa mumaoko ounyanzvi ose culinary art. Rinoshandiswa pakubika mufushwa uye marinades, zviri zvikuru nevakawanda mune Asian uye Western madhishi; Armenia ndiyo kufarira noupfu chirimwa, pasina iro zvokudya hadzisi kutanga. Isu Abkhazians, zamu mafeni pamusoro Spicy miriwo, pane kunyange shoko "Ndiani Basil zvinodzeya, anorarama upenyu hurefu."

Basil, wayo chiine chimiro, anoyevedza mavara, mashizha mavara akaisvonaka uye inofadza chaiwo munuhwi inogona akura sezvo zvishongo zvirimwa mumba. mumakwenzi wandei Basil wakasimwa pamusoro pebindu, kwete chete ndichazvirumbidza kwayo kushongedzwa, asiwo vachanakidzwa rinonaka, uye Chikurukuru - anobatsira omesa.