Chii chiri yotunga: musimboti acho, zvichireva uye mienzaniso

Zvakasikwa, pane nzira dzakawanda kubereka rezvinhu zvipenyu, izvo zvinoita kuti chamazuva zvizvarwa uye nezvokuvapo upenyu panyika. Mumwe nomumwe wavo kunokonzerwa STRUCTURAL features, dzinogarisana uye kupatsanura. Munyaya ino tichakurukura muudzame zvinodzidziswa yotunga uye zvinenge idzo nzira iyi kupararira noruzhinji.

Utachiona rutoto Nzira

Pane nzira huru mbiri idzo wokuberekana. Sex kunoitwa masero kushandiswa - gametes. Muchiitiko ichi richibatanidza maviri chromosomal zvinhu zviri zvipenyu kana majini recombination kunoitika. Somugumisiro, mumwe muviri mutsva anowana itsva zvinhu. In asexual kubereka gametes havabatanidzwi. Ndiwo maitiro vamiririri vose poushe zvakasikwa, kunze nemavhairasi kuti zviwande nenzira chaiyo nzira - ne nokuzvidzora gungano.

Asexual kubereka: yotunga, uye kwete chete

mhando iyi kubereka kunogonawo zvakafanana munzira dzakawanda. Somuenzaniso, vamwe zvinomera uye hunokuvadza Sero chimiro asexual kubereka, makatumidzwa spores. Nokuti algae, remasangano aya Mobile, sezvo vaine flagella. Ndivo vakadanwa zoospores. In dzakakwirira zvinomera, asexual kubereka kunoitika kuburikidza kupatsanurwa zvikamu zvipuka zvine masero akawanda - vegetatively. Uye ndizvo zvakataurwa yotunga uye sei voitakura kunze, nehanya zvinofanira kupiwa mumwe umambo hunhu chete.

Yotunga zvinomera

Yotunga mu chirimwa zvinenge hakusi sehwakajairika. vanhu vatsva kazhinji simuka vegetatively kana pabonde - mu pasikweya kana maruva. Chii yotunga zvinomera, tinogona kufunga muenzaniso indoor somushonga chirimwa Kalanchoe. Pamupendero wayo shizha kuumba nemavhinga diki anozoguma wana zvose zvinoitwa akura chirimwa. Pasinei diminutive kukura, vava musoro sezvo kare umbwa mumidzi uye matavi. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vechiduku zvirimwa vanokwanisa photosynthesize yakazvimiririra, uye kuti muchayamwa mvura kubva substrate. Zvaakanga asvika imwe saizi, kwakadaro itsvo muvhu, izvo dzikatanga kukura kupinda miti mukuru.

yotunga mhuka

Kubereka kubudikidza yotunga kunoitika kwemhuka. Zvinoti - the coelenterates, mumiririri izvo ndiwo Freshwater hydra. It wanamatira mararamiro. Nguva nenguva pamusoro wake muviri protrusion aumba - chiduku hillock. Inokura nokuda kuwana zvose unhu akura muviri. Pashure pane kubviswa itsvo, uye zvinova kuzvipira anondichengeta. Zvishoma zvakasiyana, izvi rinowanikwa mune dzimwe vamiririri coelenterates - korari. Itsvo dzavo dziri kukura, dzakafanana vakuru, asi hapana cleavage rikurumidze. Zvinoguma muviri kujairika chimiro. kuwanda kwavo munyanza vanoumba rose Coral kumboongororwa.

Coelenterates - havasi chete nemhuka kugona kubereka kubudikidza yotunga. Somuenzaniso, mazana pakati tapeworms akadana Finns, tanga aumbe protrusion, riri mudzoke kunyika musoro chisvetasimba. With payo, honye makamuisa kuti mutsinga dzinofamba nemukaka hondo ura. Chinotevera ndechokuti kuumba yotunga dandemutande uye zvikamu vazhinji helminth.

yotunga notumwe

Chii chiri yotunga, unogona kufunga uye howa muenzaniso. Mumwe nomumwe wedu akaona kuti kana mbiriso kuti shuga uye kusiya mune noushamwari nzvimbo, nhamba yavo pashure penguva inowedzera yekudyidzana. Uyu ndiwo muenzaniso wokuberekana pamusoro notumwe, yotunga iro rinoshandiswa pakubika uye kubikira. Panguva iyi, mbiriso sero achiumbwa pamusoro protrusion duku kuti zvishoma nezvishoma kunowedzera ukuru. Zvadaro pane partition pakati amai nemwanasikana sero izvo zvinobatsira yakatetepa mugero therebetween. Pashure paizvozvo, vechiduku sero anokwanisa kurarama tisingatungamirirwi. Muitiro yotunga mbiriso mumaawa anenge maviri.

yotunga utachiona

Pachivanhu zvinofungirwa kuti utachiona runozivisa nzira chinyakare mumwe chete wokuberekana - weboka nepakati. Zvisinei, pane mamwe zvipenyu vanokwanisa yotunga. Izvi utachiona nezvishava, kutamira uchibatsirwa vakawanda flagella. Asi ichi ndicho zvagara kune Kazhinji. Itsvo uyewo stalked utachiona, izvo saka dichotomous branching, zvichiumba vanhu vatsva.

Kukosha nzira iyi asexual kubereka zvakasikwa, zviri zvakakwana guru. Panguva yotunga masero kugovera mitosis. Izvi zvinoreva kuti somugumisiro inotungamirwa kuvabereki kufanana nevanhu, uye masero ruzivo wabva nezvizvarwa kuchinja, achivimbisa kuti chamazuva ose Zvizvarwa vamiririri anenge mapoka ose zvipenyu.