Chii salinity kwemvura? The salinity the World Ocean

Nyika yedu yakafukidzwa nemvura 70%, izvo zvinopfuura 96% ndiyo munyanza. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vakawanda mvura Panyika ndiye wakawanda. Chii salinity kwemvura? Sezvazvakanyorwa kunorondedzerwa uye chii napo? Ndinogona kushandisa mvura iyi papurazi? Ngatiedzei kupindura mibvunzo iyi.

Chii salinity kwemvura?

Salinity mvura ine chikamu chikuru chenyika. Kazhinji inonzi saltwater huri munyanza, mumakungwa uye mamwe madhamu. The zororo iri yakachena, ayo uwandu panyika idukusa 4%. Usati kunzwisisa salinity kwemvura, unofanira kunzwisisa zvinoreva munyu.

Munyu ndiwo kunzwisisa zvinhu izvo akaumbwa cations (chokwadi mhosva ions) uye anions chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi (isakarurama mhosva ions) asidhi zvigadziko. Lomonosov rinotsanangurwa navo se "kusimba muviri anogona kuiparadza mumvura." The yomugungwa yakanyauka zvinhu zvakawanda. Rine sulfates, nitrates, phosphates, yavaibvisa cations, magnesium, rubidium, potassium, etc. Zvisinei, izvi zvinhu takatsunga sezvo munyu.

Saka chii chiri salinity kwemvura? Ndiro zviri zvinhu zvazvichanyungudutswa mairi. Zvinonzi akayera mu thousandths vezvikwata - ppm, izvo zvinoratidzwa chiratidzo chinokosha -% of. Ppm kuwanda magiramu por kilogram mvura.

Chii chinoratidza kuti salinity kwemvura?

In dzakasiyana dzenyika hydrosphere, uye kunyange panguva dzakasiyana kwegore salinity zvinosiyana. It anochinjwa ne zvinoverengeka:

• Kusimuka kwemvura;
• paumbwe chando;
• kunonaya;
• kubvunda chando;
• eko;
• ndokuyerera.

Sezvo mvura runopwa pachiso penyanza munyu havasi weathered. Somugumisiro kwavo mumisasa inowedzera. Similar Migumisiro kunge kuoma nechando rikurumidze. Mazizaya ane dzakawanda nyika wacho Freshwater. Panguva inotungamirwa dzavo salinity kwemvura nyanza inowedzerawo.

Kunyunguduka mazizaya anozivikanwa vanetsane, achidzikisa munyu kugutsikana. Kuwedzera kwavari, tsime remvura yakachena iri kunayisa uye nenzizi inoyerera mugungwa. munyu pamwero inobvawo pane ukuru uye zvakaita Rwako.

The chepamusorosoro wevasungwa panguva pemvura. The pedyo pasi, iyo salinity kushoma. Warm dzenzvimbo zvazvinoita munyu tigutsikane iri zvakanaka mirayiridzo, chando, pamusoro Zvakatosimbisa ipfupi.

The salinity nyanza

Chii salinity mvura mugungwa? We munotoziva kuti hazvisi chete munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzenyika. waivako Its kunoenderana Latitude, okunze, Nzvimbo, napedyo kuti rwizi zvivako, etc.

Avhareji salinity kwemvura munyanza ari 35 ppm. Dzinoratidzwa yakaderera Kuwanda zvinhu inotonhora nzvimbo pedyo neArctic uye Antarctic. Paaiva yechando kana chando aumbwa, uwandu munyu inowedzerwa.

Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, shoma wakawanda penyanza ndiye Arctic Ocean (anenge 32%). The soro zviri rakakurumbira Indian Ocean. It anofukidza nzvimbo Gungwa Dzvuku uye Persian Gulf, uyewo kumaodzanyemba dzinopisa bhanhire, apo salinity zviri 36 ppm.

Atlantic uye Pacific makungwa vari ndezvomuzana akaenzana wevasungwa kuti zvinhu. salinity yavo zvinoderedza iri Equatorial mapazi uye kunowedzera mune subtropical uye dzinopisa kumatunhu. Vamwe noushamwari uye kutonhora dzenzvimbo kudzima mumwe kunze. Somuenzaniso, haana wakawanda Gulf Stream uye Labrador munyu muAtlantic Ocean.

Munyu madhamu uye makungwa

Vazhinji madhamu munyika - fresh, sezvo ivo zvokudya kazhinji kunonaya. Izvi hazvirevi kuti hapana munyu mavari zvachose, chete zviri zviduku chaizvo. Kana uwandu ichiputswa nezvishoma kupfuura imwe mille, gungwa anoonekwa kuti vava kana zvicherwa. Record ukoshi ane reCaspian (anenge 13%). Kudeuka Freshwater rwegungwa - Lake Baikal.

munyu wevasungwa kunobva mvura anobva mugungwa. mvura yakachena inoyerera, uye zvikuru vava yakavharwa uye vachibatwa kwemvura. The kutituma vanoshandawo sezvo pamatombo, iyo yakaumbwa pagungwa. Saka, munzvimbo yeCanada Shield mabwe havaratidzi soluble nemvura, saka mvura miviri iri apo "zvakachena".

Sea chokuita munyanza kuburikidza pakamanikana. salinity ravo siyanei uye zvazvinoita avhareji mvura yomugungwa. Saka, wevasungwa kuti zvinhu muMediterranean, anenge 39% uye kufunga Atlantic. Gungwa Dzvuku pamwe mufananidzo 41% of zvakasimba anomutsa paavhareji salinity of Indian Ocean. Top Gungwa Rakafa munyu iri wevasungwa ose zvinhu zviri kubva 300 kusvika 350%.

Properties uye kukosha mvura yegungwa

Salt mvura haisi akakodzera basa. Hazvina akakodzera kuti kunwa uyewo kudiridzwa. Zvisinei, vakawanda refu-zvinenge zvave dzakashandisa kurarama mairi. Uyezve, vari chaizvo kuziva kuchinja zvakadini ayo salinity. Kubva musi uyu, zvipenyu zviduku akakamurwa Freshwater uye saltwater.

Somuenzaniso, mhuka dzakawanda uye zvirimwa kuti vanogara munyanza, haagoni kurarama mumvura yakachena nzizi uye madhamu. gungwa chaizvo vari dzinodyiwa mussels, magakanje, muramba, Dolphins, hove huru, Sharks uye dzimwe mhuka.

Kunwa murume anoshandisa mvura yakachena. Munyu rinoshandiswa pakurapa. zvinangwa. shomanana mvura mugungwa munyu ukapisa hwokuponesa. Kuchirapa kushanda kunoita swimming uye kugeza mugungwa mvura.