Special Dzidziso Relativity. hwaro

Kutanga kwayo chiitiko chaiye dzidziso relativity akagashira pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, kureva muna 1905. nheyo dzayo zvadzidzwa mubasa Eynshteyna Alberta, "On the Electrodynamics kuti Kufambira Matare". musayendisiti akamutsa mibvunzo inoverengeka kuti vakanga vasina mhinduro panguva iyoyo With basa iri seminal. Somuenzaniso, iye akataura kuti dzidziso Maxwell nderechokwadi kwete zvakazara. Nokuda mitemo electrodynamics nekuita pakati nemunhu uye magineti kunobva vachingoshandisa zvavo hama kufamba. Asi zvino pane kupokana pamwe akasimbisa maonero nezvokuti Muzviitiko izvi zviviri kuvhiringidza mumwe anofanira kunyatsoteerera kuparadzaniswa. Pachishandiswa Zvakawanikwa izvi, zvinonzi vaifunga kuti chero batanidza mamiriro ezvinhu ayo kuvimba mitemo makanika, yakafanana papi, uye dzimwe nguva zvakawanda, kuvimba Manyiminya uye electrodynamic mitemo. Kuti mhedziso, Einstein akadana "nheyo relativity".

The chikuru zvinhu chaiye dzidziso relativity yaiva echimurenga zvekungofungira kuti chamuita kuti neitsva ose kugadzira muviri nesayenzi. Scientist zvachose akasundudzira dzenhoroondo Dzidziso nguva kwakakwana uye nzvimbo, uyewo muGarireya relativity. Uyewo, akatora danho paruzivo pachiyero dzidziso empirically nekusimba ne Hertz finite kumhanya chiedza. Iye nheyo adzidze rusununguko kumhanya uye kutungamirirwa kwebasa chiedza kunobva.

Panguva ino, chaiye dzidziso relativity anopa mukana yekudyidzana racho rikurumidze kudzidza zvakasikwa. Albertom Eynshteynom yakatanga dzidziso saka kubvisa dzakawanda kupokanidzana kuti yakabuda pakutanga ramakumi remakore wefizikisi.

The chinangwa chikuru vakadzinganiswa hunokosha dzidziso relativity - iri kugadzwa Software ukama pakati nzvimbo uye nguva. Izvi nyore zvikuru kunzwisisa yose kuti anyanye uye zvavo. The postulates aikosha relativity dzidziso kunoita kuti tinzwisise zvakawanda mananara: iri rutapudzo iri nguva uye urefu pavaitama muviri uremu kuwedzera pane mwero kuwedzera (vakawanda kuremara), kushaya kutaurirana pakati zviitiko siyana kuitika pakarepo (kana vari akasiyana zvachose pfungwa nzvimbo-nguva mu continuum). izvi zvose, anotsanangura kuti kufadza nokukurumidza kuti kupararira chero chiratidzo zvakasikwa hakuiti kusapfuudza kumhanya kufamba chiedza Vacuum.

Special relativity anosarudza kuti mukanyiwa of photon iri mumamiriro zororo iri razero, izvo zvinoreva kuti chero kunze mucherechedzi haikwanise kubata pamwe photon muna FTL uye kuwana mukana achifambirana nayo. Nokudaro, kuti velocity chiedza iMhedziso_ ukoshi uye kwete amenable zvichiita kwayo urove.

Albert Einstein akapa mutsva Qualitative kusvetuka kukura mumuviri nesayenzi munyika, uye ndeyokuti wezvose.