Dementia: Makore mazhinji sei kurarama? Dementia vakwegura: zviratidzo, padanho kukura uye mhando zvirwere

Pakukwegura, vanhu vakawanda vane vachivavhiringidza pamafungiro, ndangariro, uchenjeri uye matauriro, vakakuvadza kuchinja samolecular mukutsinhana pakati masero ari chepfungwa cortex anokonzerwa zvakasiyana zvikonzero. Uye zvimwe raidudzwa kuchinja aya, kurema runoyerera dementia inonzi dementia mune zvokurapa. Murume wechikuru panguva anorasikirwa kwete chete vane ruzivo, ruzivo, unyanzvi kudzidza, asi yayo unhu.

About kuti, zvokuti pane dementia, sei makore akawanda yokurarama nechirwere ichi, uye Zvinoonekwa rakasiyana-siyana chirwere ichi, tichakurukura gare gare munyaya.

kupatsanura pakati dementia

Pavakaona kuti munhu akwegura vaigara imomo, shanduko tsika, unhu, uye kugona kutaura, hama kutanga kunetseka, anotya yakaipisisa nyaya kuitika - mumwe anosvika dementia, izvo kazhinji zvinoitika kuva harbinger rufu yepedyo akada. Ichokwadi ichi? How kutsanya ndiko yakwegura uropi?

Kuti tinzwisise izvi, zvinokosha kuziva kuti dementia mhando iri kusangana. In mushonga, pane zvakasiyana kupatsanura pakati zvokurwara ichi. Uye sezvo haisi yakazvimirira chirwere, ipapo, zvichienderana dambudziko matambudziko akaita, kugoverana zvinotevera mhando dementia:

• Atrophic chimiro chirwere (kukonzerwa cheAlzheimer kana kunhonga wacho), iro rinowanika riri pakanyorwa kutanga chinopedza chinja ari mumasero CNS.
• Vascular, kunokonzerwa atherosclerosis uye BP. It unovapo maererano kweropa muuropi.
• Mixed mhando - kukura zvokurwara ichi ane zvigadziriswe zvakafanana uye atrophic pakuonekwa, uye vascular.

Zvinokonzera dementia

matambudziko aya anogona kutanga kuita kwavo rinoparadza somugumisiro zvepanyama kukwegura nedanho nhengo, uye nemhaka munyika zvirwere, hosha thyroid, chetsinga uye vascular pathologies (akadai ischemia, BP, atherosclerosis, uye vamwe.).

Kudhaka nedoro kana zvinodhaka zvinogonawo kusunda muviri Kumwe kuchinja kunotanga. Risa inoshandura uye chisingaperi chepfu muchetura makemikari ari kugadzirwa.

Kurohwa, namamota, kukuvara musoro dzava kukwanisawo kuputsa Neural kwokubatana kuti ichaita pakupedzisira kuti dementia.

Zvisinei, pane dzimwe nguva apo zvinokonzera dementia havasi nokuda yepanyama kukwegura muitiro kana zvirwere akanyorwa, uye ari womuchato medicaments. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, zvichiitika reversible, kana iwe kutirambidza mari kana kukanzura zvinodhaka zvakadaro.

Dementia nokuda cheAlzheimer

Kakawanda, zvinokonzera kukura kwezvinhu penga nokuda kokuchembera dementia, zvakavigwa makemikari kuzotadzira idzodzo uropi, izvo basa mafungiro uye ndangariro womunhu. Uye vakawanda izvi dementia cheAlzheimer, kureva, dementia, anokonzerwa chinopedza pezvakaitwa mu Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu uye synaptic kwokubatana kuparadza.

Panguva chirwere ichi pamusoro masero etsinga murwere pfungwa amyloid inotungamirwa (mapuroteni) plaques uye neurofibrillary tangles, izvo chinoita pakupedzisira rufu masero aya. Kupera nzvimbo somugumisiro azvaiitwa kuchaita atrophy, uye pakupedzisira anopamba yose uropi, uye iyi ndiyo zvinosuwisa kusingarapiki.

Sei yeAlzheimer dementia

mumatanho ose dementia muna cheAlzheimer kunoratidzwa zvikurukuru nokuda nokuwedzera pfupi-rokuyeuka zvinetso uye kunoita - uye kuderedza denderedzwa mhindu, kushaya unyanzvi, inattention, passivity, anononoka mafungiro uye injini mhinduro, kugumbuka.

Gare gare, varwere vanoratidza kusava kunzwisisa zviitiko vakavapoteredza, vanogona kudzokororwa kwenguva refu akati: inadequately vamwe, kwete kutsoropodza - amene. Uye nokufamba kwenguva, vanogona kuva paranoid pfungwa uye fungidziro.

Total dementia iyi nyaya iri pamwe tsandanyama Rigidity uye havachanyatsogoni kudzora weti uye bowel rimmed. Unogona kuona zvipusha pfari.

Vangani vanorarama dementia iyi mhando achavaponesa zvinhu zvakawanda, uye paavhareji zviri anenge 6 nemakore, asi maitiro acho anogona kugara zvose 20 zvinouraya, kazhinji kuguma intercurrent (anongoitika) chirwere yomuka pamusoro dementia.

chirwere cheAlzheimer, maererano nenhamba, ari kukonzera dementia muna 70% kubva rakashuma zviitiko. Asi, zvinosuruvarisa kuti vasundire pakutanga dementia asingagoni chete zvokurwara ichi.

Vascular dementia: zvikonzero uye zviratidzo

Tikafunga cerebrovascular zviitiko kusimukira vascular dementia. vanhu vakura vane nayo, sezvo kare ambotaurwa, kungakonzera atherosclerosis, BP, ischemia uropi midziyo, arrhythmia, mwoyo kuremara, mwoyo vharafu chirwere kana mukuru lipid kugutsikana muropa. Nenzira, mukono vanogara kubatwa kune vascular chimiro dementia uye nguva nehafu kupfuura vakadzi.

Panguva kutanga pavaipfuura chirwere zviratidzo akaratidza kushatirwa, kurukutika, hope nenyonganiso, nomusoro uye lethargy. Kutsauswa uye zvokuora mwoyo manzwiro panguva iyoyowo ava hurongwa.

Zvadaro, murwere ndangariro iri kwakakanganiswa yekudyidzana. Izvi zvinoratidzwa nekuvhiri- ngika, uyewo kukanganwa mazita, misi, uye zvichingodaro.

Zviya, sei dementia zvikamuka, makore varwere mhenyu vangani vane chirwere inoenderana nokuti zvavo sitiroko nhoroondo. Panyaya iyi, upenyu anotarisirwa ipfupi kwazvo. Chetsinga chete zviratidzo chirwere ichi vari: hemiparesis, kuomarara, havachanyatsogoni kutaura, kumedza, achifamba uye vanhurume.

Tinogona kurasikirwa nechitarisiko dementia? Zviratidzo zviri chirwere

Zvinosuruvarisa nzendo dementia mangwanani kuuya kuti abate zvinenge zvisingaiti, sezvo chiri refu uye anonoke muitiro anogona hakumbofi kwemakore 10-15. Murume ari zvishoma kuderera okurangaridza chii chakaitika munguva ichangopfuura asi vakachengetedza ndangariro-kare zviitiko.

Dementia vakwegura iri kunyanya vakaratidzawo kurasikirwa kudzidza unyanzvi uye cleverness. Varwere zvose zvakaoma kufamba muchadenga uye nguva. Uye kuona kuti vari kare zvakaoma chaizvo kusarudza mashoko akakodzera, uye kutaura kwavo chaizvo kwezvinoshandiswa. Zviya, hapana zvishoma, uye zvinetso mukufamba uchishandisa nemifananidzo.

Zvinofadza kuti vamwe vanhu vane ichi kwenguva refu vanokwanisa kuvanza hunhu dementia zviratidzo nokudzivisa nezviito dzakaoma (eg muripo nokuda bhuku cheki). Uye rinovapa yekudyidzana akaderedza kufarira kuverenga, uye chero mhando yebasa. Avo vasingagoni kuvakazve upenyu hwavo, vanozviwana vari quandary, sezvo ivo akaderedza zvinoita mabasa nezuva - munhu ikozvino obva akanganwa pamusoro zvinokosha kana anotakura navo zvakaipa.

Sezvo dementia anotanga kukura kwayo

Chokwadi, pave dementia uye upenyu hunotarisirwa nechirwere ichi zvinoenderana zvinhu zvakawanda: mamiriro utano, asi akatamisira zvirwere, unhu maitiro, mafungiro evamwe uye zvakawanda. Asi kana pezvatinotaura zviratidzo hosha rose, tinogona kusiyanisa zvimwe zvinhu zvichiitika munhu kuchinja:

• Kakawanda zvikuru kuoneka kuchinja mune hunhu murwere. Zvinowedzerwa nomumwe unhu hwake, hwakadai kuchengetedza ichichinja nemakaro uye nokutsungirira - mu obstinacy.
• Man zvichioma, kana pane zvisingabviri, kushandura akagadzikana maonero zviitiko. Anova Rumhangapanga.
• Akafunga pezvakaitwa kuipa.
• nokuti dziri zviratidzo zvinowanzotaurwa vakatevera uye kutyora tsika dzemunharaunda mufambiro (varwere dementia nepfungwa yavo yokunyadziswa, pfungwa pabasa, izvo zvaizopedza ne pakunamata uye zvinodiwa zvinokosha).

Nokufamba kwenguva, vanotanga uye kuoneka kuchinja vanoyeukwa ehurumende, uye kutyorwa zvenyama spatial nemunhu. Zvisinei, kwenguva yakareba kuramba chete maitiro, kushandisa dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri uye kutaura imwe munhu.

The wokupedzisira pavaipfuura dementia

Sezvo chikazozikamwa, zvikuru nokukurumidza dzaisvava kunoitika rekupedzisira murwere, yakanyanya pavaipfuura chirwere. Kukura dementia iyi kunoratidzwa kudedera minwe, incoordination uye gait, kuti okuneta. Varwere ava vanova precipitous, uye mashoko nezvako kuva ichiparara.

munhu akwegura ari ichi dzisisakwanisi pasina rubatsiro kuzvitarisira, kudya uye vachengete zvinhu mitemo utsanana. Varwere vakawanda pane kutyora weti kwacho. Zvinogona kuva mira pezvakaitwa kana kusingadzoreki leakage kuti weti.

Kurwara shortens upenyu vanorwara kwavari, nokuti mune yepamusoro nzendo dementia murwere hakuchina kushuma zvokurapa zvirwere, kunze vakwegura vasingawanzotauri kuva nefivha kana leukocytosis semhinduro chirwere. Chiremba uyu mamiriro ezvinhu zvinokosha kuvimba chete nokunzwisisa kwake uye ruzivo, asi urombo akabatana chirwere chipi anogona kukonzera rufu murwere.

Features panowanikwa penga nokuda kokuchembera dementia

Zvinofadza kuti vanonzi penga nokuda kokuchembera kana penga nokuda kokuchembera dementia vakwegura kazhinji anoratidza dissociation pachena pakati yakajeka dementia uye akachengetedzwa chete muchimiro nemaitiro. Murwere kumbochinja vaimbova sezvakafanira utsvene, nhengo dzomuviri, kutaura zvakanaka, intonations. Zvose izvi kazhinji kutsausa munhuwo. Anofunga ari kutaura munhu gwindiri, uye chete sezvinei mubvunzo inoratidza kuti mafaro sezvo zvikuru kutaura mutana, iyo inotaura zvakawanda mienzaniso kubva kare, asingagoni kutaura sei akwegura ari, kana ane mhuri, kwaanogara uye naani anoti ikozvino.

Penga nokuda kokuchembera dementia vanhu vakwegura, kakawanda hazvina pamwe pfungwa ezvinhu kuti vari kuri muna vascular chimiro chirwere. Izvi, Chokwadi, hwezvekukurukurirana zvikuru upenyu uye kuti murwere nehama dzake, sezvo yakadaro murwere haakonzeri zvakakomba dambudziko nharaunda dzavo.

Asi kazhinji Varwere izvi kuratidza psychosis, izvo achiperekedzwa hope kana inversion (chaishanda nguva) hope. Varwere ava vaonekwe zvisipo, rikwanise kunyumwira, kuva Zvinyamusi nounyoro kuti yaiparadza.

A chikungiso zvikuru zviratidzo izvi zvinogona kuchinja pamwero shuga ropa, kumanikidza madonhwe uye nezvimwe zvinetso pamwe nehutano. Saka zvinokosha chaizvo kuti kutora vakwegura dementia vanobva ose ezvirwere, akapfeka zvose chirwere uye rikwanise chimiro.

Sei pane penga nokuda kokuchembera dementia

Nokuda kwechimwewo chikonzero, hapana penga nokuda kokuchembera dementia vakwegura, nei munyika muzviitiko izvi, uropi anotanga Zera dzichimhanya kupfuura dzose, painenge kujeka.

Vamwe vaongorori vanodavira kuti munguva yokukwegura pane kusagadzikana masoja murau, iro rinoita autoimmune kwendangariro. A anokonzerwa ichi autoantibody uropi masero. Cerebrospinal Urume ine zvirwere masero kuti vatambe rwokudzivirira basa nokukwegura anochinja zvikuru ukama hwavo uye zvivako, iyo inotungamirira kuupenyu Kumwe kuchinja kunotanga muna CNS.

Dementia vakwegura uye kunokonzerwa masero okutodza. It akawana kuti ngozi hosha yakawedzera 4.3 nguva mumhuri iwayo kwaiva zviitiko chirwere. Somatic zviratidzo zviri chirwere kungaratidza kare yakafukidza zvinyoronyoro penga nokuda kokuchembera dementia, shanduko mufananidzo uye mhanyisa kuitika kumhanya, asi nenguva kubviswa izvi zvirwere zvinogona mune zvimwe zviitiko zvinoita nomumugwagwa kwaitora nguva kuvandudza dementia.

Hunotarisirwa upenyu varwere chirwere kuti "dementia", pane zera zvichikosha kumirira

Vaongorori kuCambridge University makasimbisa hunotarisira upenyu varwere isingachinji chirwere kuti "penga nokuda kokuchembera dementia." makore akawanda sei kurarama Varwere zvakadaro, maererano masayendisiti, zvikurukuru kunotsamira zvimwewo zvinoitika pasi, asi Paavhareji nayo yaiva makore 4.5-5.

By munzira, nhamba dzinoratidza kuti dementia pazera 60 kusvika 69 makore, rinowanikwa munenge 2% nyaya, uye pashure pemakore 80 yatova pasi kusvika 20% vakwegura. Pakazosvika makore 90 kunowedzera ngozi yokuva kusvika 45%.

Kunyange zvazvo zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nhamba idzi anofungidzirwa chaizvo, sezvo guru chikamu vakwegura urege kuwa pasi pokudzora vanachiremba vepfungwa, nekuti havana pfungwa inoti, uye totaura pasi chete matambudziko nendangariro, uchenjeri uye Zvinyamusi diki. Vanaamai vakadaro vari mhuri shure kwavo rakanyatsojeka nyore kuchengeta, uye havaiti zvinetso zvikuru pedyo.

Achitaura kuti, vangani vari kurarama dementia, zvakafanira kushushikana kamwe zvakare kuti ndicho vakafa nechirwere ichi inongova zviduku. Ava vanosanganisira vaya vakafa netsaona chokuita zvinoitwa chirwere ichi. Kumboda kufa sitiroko kana chemwoyo, kazhinji vachifambidzana vascular chimiro chirwere.

Chii dementia kushurudzira

Sezvo vakawanda mune vakwegura, akarondedzera zvokurwara iri kazhinji kusingarapiki, uye mishonga yemazuva ano, zvinosuwisa chete anogona kunetesa muitiro kana kubvisa zvisingafadzi zviratidzo kuti kuitika nechirwere kuti "dementia".

makore kurarama nechirwere ichi Vangani, zvakaoma kutaura kuti chokwadi, sezvo, somuenzaniso, pamwe kukurumidza kufambira mberi vascular siyana rufu zvinoita mukati mishomanana. Chikonzero saka kazhinji kuita comorbidities sezvo sepsis (mu varwere akangorara) kana nemabayo.