Description, nzvimbo, zvoupfumi, vanhu vose Iraq. Kujairirana mamiriro kuMiddle East

The Republic of Iraq - imwe nyika iri Southwest Asia. nzvimbo Its kunopfuura 435 sq. ? km. Iraqi ndimo vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 36.

Muchidimbu pamusoro State

Kuchamhembe munyika muganhu pamwe Turkey ichaitika, uye kumadokero kwayo pamuganhu neSiriya uye Jordan. In rwezasi-kumabvazuva ehurumende Mahombekombe Ndashambidza nemvura kwePersian Gulf - pachena zvinokwanisika kuti kufungidzira, kuwana Iraq pamepu. Kumabvazuva nayo pamuganhu pamwe Iran, asi pamusoro kumuganhu ikoko uye nharo nendima dzisina pamutemo kusimbiswa.

Guta guru Iraq ndiye Baghdad. guta rino anonzi rimwe guru yaiona nzvimbo kuMiddle East. Uyezve, zvinokosha senga nomusimboti. Sezvatakamboreva kare, zvachose vanhu kuIraq kunosiyana-siyana pakati vanhu mamiriyoni 36, uye izvi, vanopfuura mamiriyoni 6 vanogara guru.

By mhando hurumende State chinhu yeparamende zvokuvhoterwa batana hurongwa. Iraq yakakamurwa 18 enyika.

The rusununguko ehurumende yakagamuchirwa muna 1932. Kubva muna 1979 kusvika 2003, akatonga munyika Saddam Hussein. Mumazana izwi rake purezidhendi vemo Iraq airwara pakuvhiya muchiuto, izvo, sezvingatarisirwa, asingagoni kuenda abatsire zvoupfumi kukura uye, somugumisiro, kuvandudza upenyu.

nenzvimbo nzvimbo

Nyika iri muna Mesopotamian Plain, pakati mipata vaviri nzizi kumabvazuva makuru - rwaTigrisi uye rwizi rwaYufratesi. Iyi nzvimbo vagara dzakakurumbira. Zviri pano kuti paiva nomumwe tanga dzevanhu dzomunyika - Sumerian. Gare gare musi idzi dzaiwanika dzimwe inoti - Bhabhironi uye Asiria. Muzana VII remakore rinonzi inoti vakanga uchikundwa navaArabhu, uye Islam yapararira pano.

Kufunga Iraq pamepu, unogona kuona kuti inoona nezvenjodzi akakamurwa 4 Nharaunda.

1. A nzvimbo huru munyika iri pamusoro Mesopotamian Plain, kuchamhembe-mabvazuva rinokwira kamari wemakomo eJudhiya - Sinjar.
2. Kubva kuchamhembe mamiriro rinokomberedza ari Iranian Plateau. Izvi ndipo yakakwirira munyika - gomo Haji Ibrahim, mumwe kukwirira 3587 m.
3. In kumaodzanyemba-kumadokero, mugwenga rwenze - gwenga reSiriya.
4. Nechokumabvazuva - pachena Al-Jazeera.

kure negungwa mvura

Iraq munhu akapfuma mamiriro arambe achirema murwizi system asi pano tiri vaviri rinokosha mvura tsinga kuMiddle East - rwaTigrisi uye rwizi rwaYufratesi. Mvura nzizi idzi inoshandiswa kudiridza, uyewo kuti simba kugadzirwa. Makavakwa pamusoro penzizi Cascade hydropower miti. Nechokuchamhembe Nzizi mbiri batanidza mugomba chete aibuda Shatt al-Arab, izvo chinobuda kuPersian Gulf.

gang ichi munyika yake renguva ruchiyerera uye navigable gwara. Mumarenje sezvo unogona vanowanzowana duku hova kuti vakazadzwa mvura panguva kwemvura, asi kuoma kunze ekunze rakaoma.

Mamiriro ekunze Iraq

Hurumende iri mune subtropical okunze rokufambira, with hot yechirimo uye kutonhora dzechando. It akataura shanduko mwaka, asi akazivisa zviviri chete: zhizha nechando. Summer yokuIraq kunotora mangwanani May kusvika October, chando - kubva December kusvika kumagumo March.

Nokuti mamiriro kunoratidzwa pasi kunonaya rose gore. Muchirimo, vari kurasikirwa zvachose, kukonzera vanhu kuIraq napo kushandisa mvura pfuma nzizi. In yechando, rakati sandara chikamu kunonaya zvinosiyana pakati 50-150 mm. Kutamira kuchamhembe, uye ivo nokuwedzera kunonyanyisa uwandu anosvika 1500 mm / gore, richisvika kumakomo.

Snowfalls uye chando - isingawanzowanikwi kuwanika muIraq. Average July tembiricha + 32 ° C - 35 ° C, uye paavhareji January - + 16 ° C - 18 ° C.

A maitiro Fani nokuti mamiriro - mhepo. Furidzira inopisa zhizha, kubva kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero. Vauye navo vakawanda kwazvo jecha kusika jecha yemadutu. Nguva ukoshi Mwaka - kubva May kusvika July. Panguva ino, mhepo idzi kuridza daily. In yechando, kutungamirira kwavo rwokumusoro-mabvazuva.

Zvinoumba kasvisto, fauna of uye ivhu

Mumipata ivhu rakaorera zvakakwana, asi zvinoda kugara okuwedzera kudiridza. Pano, vagari vemo dzinowanzotsigi- paaivatambudza kurima. Kumaodzanyemba Munzvimbo - jecha ivhu kukodzera kurima. Kumabvazuva kunzvimbo, kazhinji swamped.

Nemiti uye fauna of munyika regai kupa zvakawanda. Vakagovera subtropical uye inopisa murenje uswa. Mhuka pano zvinowanikwa nemhara, makava, uye mitsetse mapere. Zvapararira muchetura nechiva. Nomunzizi uye madhamu akapfuma hove.

Population uye chehurumende

Wokupedzisira Kuverenga yakaratidza kuti vanhu kuIraq kunoratidzwa akanaka kukura. Zvisinei, nokuda muchiuto kurwa Zvechokwadi, anogona siyana zvinoshamisa.

A mukuru chikamu vemo vari maArab. The chikamu kwavo - 75%, Kurds - 18%, uye akasara 7% vamwe (ari Armenian Turkmens navaAsiria, et unto.).

The mutauro unonyanya - Arabic. Kuparadzirwa sezvo kurdish - iye pamwe Arabic ndiwo mutauro unonyanya. Most vokuparidzira chechiMuslim (95%) uye 3 chete% - Christianity.

Iraq - a yeUnited vemutungamiri zvokuvhoterwa. The Paramende unotora vamiririri vatatu Nzanga of Iraqi vanhu - Shiites, Sunnis uye Kurds. The Constitution chaizivikanwa chete muna 2005, akanga achibvumirana enyika referendamu.

Cities uye kubudirira mune zvoupfumi Iraq

In Iraq, 6 maguta vanhu kwazvo vanhu miriyoni imwe. Izvi Chokwadi, guta guru, Basra, An-Najaf, Erbil, uye vamwe. The enyika (governorates) vari rakakamurwa mumatunhu (kazi) nemaruwa (nahii). Kuchamhembe, akaumba zvionera Region - Kurdish.

Nemhaka inodzokororwa hondo, kurwisana kwemauto mune upfumi Iraq iri imwe anosiririsa ezvinhu. Akatsiga Bazi chete indasitiri - mafuta. Zvifambiswe "ndarama dema" iri pedyo States.