Diagonal equilateral trapezoid. Ndechipi pakati mutsetse pakati trapezoid. Marudzi trapezoids. Trapeze - nayo ..

Trapeze - nyaya inokosha ine quadrangle, umo mumwe peya kumativi zvinofambirana. Shoko rokuti "trapezoid" rinobva pashoko rechiGiriki rokuti τράπεζα, rinoreva "tafura", "tafura". Munyaya ino tichakurukura mhando trapeze yayo zvivako. Uyewo, tinotarisa sei kuverenga nomumwe pezvokuvamba geometrical nhamba. Somuenzaniso, mashoko diagonal ane equilateral trapezium, pakati mutsetse, nzvimbo uye nevamwe. Mashoko ari zvokutanga geometry nevakawanda maitiro, t. E. In imwe nyore nenzira.

tsananguro

Chokutanga, ngationei kunzwisisa imwe quadrangle. mufananidzo uyu nyaya inokosha ine polygon chine mativi mana uye mana vertices. Maviri vertices ane quadrilateral dzisiri pedyo, inonzi pakatarisana. Izvozvo zvinogona kutaurwawo maviri dzisiri pedyo kumativi. The Mhando chikuru quadrangles - a parallelogram, rectangle, rhombus, square, trapezoid uye deltoid.

Saka shure kune trapeze. Sezvatakamboreva, mufananidzo uyu mativi maviri zvinofanana. Ndivo vakadanwa zvigadziko. The mamwe maviri (non-dzakafanana) - mativi. Zvinhu zviri siyana bvunzo uye bvunzo kakawanda unogona kusangana nematambudziko chokuita trapezoids vane mhinduro kazhinji zvinoda dzomudzidzi ruzivo asina kufukidzwa chirongwa. School Course geometry otaura vadzidzi vane pamakona zvivako uye diagonals uyewo evaMedhia mutsetse ane isosceles trapezoid. Asi zvimwe pane kuti raireva geometric chimiro ane zvimwe zvinhu. Asi pamusoro pavo papera ...

mhando trapeze

Kune mhando dzakawanda nhamba iyi. Zvisinei, kazhinji netsika funga vaviri - isosceles uye rectangular.

1. Rectangular trapezoid - dimikira umo rimwe kumativi perpendicular kusvika chawo. Ane pamakona maviri nguva kuenzana mapfumbamwe inegumi.

2. isosceles trapezium - a geometric mufananidzo ane mativi vakaenzana. Saka, uye dzinoita mujinga uyewo vakaenzana.

The chikuru Misimboti nzira kuti kudzidza ehupfumi ari trapezoid

Dzinokosha zvinosanganisira kushandisa anonzi basa nzira. Kutaura zvazviri, hapana chikonzero kupinda yokungotaura kosi Geometry zvivako itsva mufananidzo uyu. Vanogona kuva rakazaruka kana muitiro mukuronga mabasa akasiyana-siyana (nani maitiro). Zvakakosha chaizvo kuti mudzidzisi kuziva mabasa unofanira kuisa pamberi vadzidzi chero nguva hwekudzidza. Uyezve, mumwe trapezoid pfuma inogona achimiririrwa kiyi basa iri basa mugadziriro.

Murayiro wechipiri paiya inonzi zononoka sangano pakudzidza "kunoshamisa" trapeze ehupfumi. Izvi zvinoreva kudzokera kudzidza kwauchaita anozvisarudzira zvaiva geometric nhamba. Saka, vadzidzi nyore kurangarira navo. Somuenzaniso, zvinhu zvina pfungwa. Inogona akaratidza sezvo ari kudzidza zvakafanana uye zvadaro kushandisa vectors. A Kuenzana zvokuridza yakabatana panhivi nechipi, zvinokwanisika kuratidza nokushandisa kwete chete ehupfumi pakati zvokuridza zvakaenzana dzakakwirira ichiitwa kumativi ayo okurutivi yakarurama mutsetse, asiwo nokushandisa nzira S = 1/2 (AB * sinα). Uyezve, zvinoita kuti zvinyatsobuda mutemo sines kuti rakanyorwa trapezium kana kurudyi-angled netriangle uye trapezoid anorondedzerwa t. D.

Kushandiswa "muzvimwe" ine geometric ndeuke zviri kosi chikoro - munhu tasking Michina dzidziso dzavo. Constant nezve kudzidza ehupfumi ari ndima imwe achibvumira vadzidzi kudzidza trapeze zvakadzama uye kunovimbisa kubudirira basa. Saka, isu mberi kuti adzidze ichi Nhamba kunoshamisa.

Zvinhu uye zvivako chine isosceles trapezoid

Sezvataona, iri geometric mufananidzo mativi vakaenzana. Asi inozivikanwa se yakarurama trapezoid. Uye chii saka kunoshamisa uye nei atora zita raro? Chaiwo zviri mufananidzo uyu anoti kuti iye haana chete kuenzana mativi uye pamakona nechepasi, asiwo Tsanga yacho yaichekwa. Mukuwedzera, vakaverenga pamakona ane isosceles trapezoid akaenzana 360 inegumi. Asi kwete ndizvozvo zvose! kumativi chete isosceles inogona yakarondedzerwa denderedzwa zvose anozivikanwa trapezoids. Izvi imhaka yokuti Verengai pakatarisana pamakona mumufananidzo uyu 180 madhigirii, uye chete pasi ichi inogona kurondedzerwa se denderedzwa akapoteredza quadrangle. Zvinotevera ehupfumi ari geometric mufananidzo ndechokuti chinhambo kubva Pamusoro pechingoro kusvikira fungidziro ari kurwisana nenhongonya pamutsetse kuti rine hwaro ichi chichava akaenzana midline.

Zvino ngatitarise sei kuwana makona ane isosceles trapezoid. Funga chingapedza dambudziko iri, akapa kuti ukuru mapato anozivikanwa nhamba.

chisarudzo

Itsika kureva quadrangle tsamba A, B, C, D, uko BS uye BP - hwaro. Munzvimbo isosceles trapezoid mativi vakaenzana. Taifunga kuti saizi kwavo yakaenzana X uye Y kukura vari zvigadziko uye Z (chiduku uye makuru, ukuwo). Nokuti kukarukureta iri pakona kudiwa kupedza pakukwirira H. Zvinoguma rworudyi-angled netriangle ABN apo AB - the hypotenuse, uye BN uye AN - makumbo. Change kukura gumbo AN: bvisa kubva makuru nechigadziko usingashandi, uye mugumisiro yakakamurwa 2. nyora nzira yemaitiro: (ZY) / 2 = F. Zvino, kuverenga rikwanise yorusvingo pamusoro Triangle kushandiswa basa Kosi. Tinowana zvinotevera kupinda: Kosi (β) = X / F. Zvino ngaaverenge pakona: β = Arcos (X / F). Uyezve, achiziva imwe kona, tingaziva uye chechipiri, kuti ichi zvokutanga svomhu kushanda: 180 - β. pamakona All anotsanangurwa.

Panewo kugadzirisa chinetso ichi chechipiri. Pakutanga Haatauri kubva pakona iri pakakwirira gumbo N. anoti kukosha BN. Tinoziva kuti mativi ose hypotenuse ane netriangle kodzero akaenzana vakaverenga dzinoungana mamwe maviri. Tinowana: BN = √ (X2 F2). Next, tinoshandisa trigonometric basa nkm. Zvinoguma: β = arctg (BN / F). The chenjera angled inowanikwa. Next, isu kutsanangura imwe obtuse angled sezvakunoitwa nzira yokutanga.

Enzvimbo diagonals ane isosceles trapezoid

Chokutanga, tinonyora mitemo mina. Kana diagonal ive isosceles trapezoid vari perpendicular, zvino:

- kukwirira nhamba akaenzana Verengai bwezvingoro, yakakamurwa vaviri;

- kukwirira kwayo uye yepakati mutsetse vakaenzana;

- nzvimbo trapezoid akaenzana yaiungana rakakwirira (centre mutsetse kusvika hafu pezvingoro);

- yaiungana of diagonal ane mativi akaenzana hafu Verengai kaviri yaiungana nezvigadziko kana midline (nokukwirira).

Chitarisa nzira nokududza diagonal ane equilateral trapezoid. chidimbu ichi mashoko inogona muzvikamu zvina:

1. Formula diagonal kureba kuburikidza divi rayo.

Taifunga kuti A iri - yakaderera chawo, B - Top, C - kuenzana mativi, D - diagonal. Panyaya iyi, kureba inogona tsunga sezvinotevera:

D = √ (C 2 + A * B).

2. Formula nokuti diagonal kureba cosine.

Taifunga kuti A iri - yakaderera chawo, B - Top, C - kuenzana mativi, D - diagonal, α (pajinga mujinga) uye β (yokumusoro nechigadziko) - trapezoid makona. Tawana mutoo, naro mumwe anogona ngaaverenge kureba diagonal:

- D = √ (A2 + S2-2A * C * cosα);

- D = √ (A2 + S2-2A * C * cosβ);

- D = √ (B2 + S2-2V * C * cosβ);

- D = √ (B2 + S2-2V * C * cosα).

3. Formula diagonal kureba ane isosceles trapezoid.

Taifunga kuti A iri - yakaderera chawo, B - rokumusoro, D - diagonal, M - pakati mutsetse H - urefu, P - nharaunda yacho trapezoid, α uye β - pakona pakati diagonals. Kuona Kureba zvinotevera Masvomhu:

- D = √ (M2 + N2);

- D = √ (H 2 + (A + B) 2/4);

- D = √ (N (A + B) / sinα) = √ (2n / sinα) = √ (2M * N / sinα).

Nokuti ichi nyaya, wakaenzana: sinα = sinβ.

4. Formula diagonal kureba kuburikidza kumativi uye kukwirira.

Taifunga kuti A iri - yakaderera chawo, B - Top, C - mativi, D - diagonal, H - urefu, α - pakona pamwe rezasi chawo.

Kuona Kureba zvinotevera Masvomhu:

- D = √ (H 2 + (A-P * ctgα) 2);

- D = √ (H 2 + (B + F * ctgα) 2);

- D = √ (A2 + S2-2A * √ (C2-H2)).

Zvinhu uye zvivako ane rectangular trapezium

Ngatitarisei chii vanofarira ichi geometrical nhamba. Sezvatakamboreva, tine rectangular trapezoid pamakona maviri zvakanaka.

Kunze venguva tsanangudzo, pane vamwe. Somuenzaniso, imwe rectangular trapezoid - mumwe trapezoid umo rimwe divi riri perpendicular kune hwaro. Kana kuumba kuva parutivi pamakona. In kwakadai trapezoids kukwirira ndiro divi chiri perpendicular kune pezvingoro. The pakati mutsetse - a chidimbu unobatanidza midpoints vaviri rwemberi. The pfuma vakati chaikosha ndechokuti zvinofambirana pezvingoro uye zvakaenzana nehafu pakuverengwa kwavo.

Zvino ngationei dzinokosha Masvomhu kuti havatsananguri geometric zvitarisiko. Kuti aite izvi, taifunga kuti A uye B - chawo; C (perpendicular kune nechigadziko) uye D - mativi rectangular trapezium, M - pakati mutsetse, α - rikwanise angled, P - nharaunda.

1. divi perpendicular kusvikira pezvingoro, mumwe munhu akaenzana kumusoro (C = N), uye zvinotipa kureba wechipiri divi A uye Sine pamusoro angled α ari mukuru mujinga (C = A * sinα). Uyezve, akaenzana zvibereko tangent ari rikwanise angled α uye musiyano pakati nezvigadziko: C = (A-B) * tgα.

2. divi D (kwete perpendicular kune hwaro) akaenzana quotient musiyano pakati A uye B uye cosine (α) kana kusachengeteka kukuru pakona yorusvingo kusvikira private pakakwirira nemifananidzo H uye sine wave rikwanise angled: A = (A-B) / Kosi α = C / sinα.

3. divi iri perpendicular kuna pezvingoro, akaenzana yaiungana pamudzi mativi musiyano D - kurutivi rwechipiri - uye mativi chawo akasiyana:

C = √ (q2 (A-B) 2).

4. Side A rectangular trapezoid akaenzana pachivara pamudzi sikweya Verengai sikweya divi uye C nezvigadziko geometric chimiro musiyano: D = √ (C 2 + (A-B) 2).

5. The divi C akaenzana quotient ari mativi kaviri Verengai nezvigadziko zvayo; C = P / M = 2P / (A + B).

6. Nzvimbo kunorondedzerwa chigadzirwa M (muzinda mutsara rectangular trapezoid) kureba kana lateral mirayiridzo perpendicular kuti pezvingoro: P = M * N = M * C.

7. Chinzvimbo C ndiyo quotient wenyika kaviri yaiungana chimiro parutivi chigadzirwa Sine rikwanise yorusvingo uye mubatanidzwa nezvigadziko zvayo; C = P / M * sinα = 2P / ((A + B) * sinα).

8. divi Formula ane rectangular trapezium kuburikidza dzayo diagonal, uye pakona pakati pavo:

- sinα = sinβ;

- C = (D1 * D2 / (A + B)) * sinα = (D1 * D2 / (A + B)) * sinβ,

apo D1 uye D2 - diagonal of trapezoid; α uye β - pakona pakati pavo.

9. Formula divi kuburikidza necheparutivi pajinga muzasi uye vamwe: A = (A-B) / cosα = C / sinα = H / sinα.

Sezvo trapezoid rworudyi pamakona ndiyo imwe nyaya trapezoid, vamwe Masvomhu kuti asarudze nhamba idzi, vachasangana uye rectangular.

Properties incircle

Kana mamiriro ezvinhu akati kuti vari rectangular trapezoid yakanyorwa denderedzwa, zvino unogona kushandisa zvinotevera ehupfumi:

- chitsama nechigadziko ndiko kuwanda kumativi;

- kure kubva kumusoro rectangular chimiro kuti pfungwa tangency of yakanyorwa denderedzwa anogara kuenzana;

- kureba trapezoid akaenzana divi, perpendicular kune pezvingoro, uye akaenzana kuti dhayamita ari denderedzwa ;

- denderedzwa centre ndiyo pfungwa iro piringisha bisectors pamusoro pamakona ;

- kana lateral parutivi pfungwa kunyorerana rakakamurwa urefu N uye M, ipapo nharaunda yacho denderedzwa akaenzana yaiungana pamudzi zvibereko zvikamu izvi;

- quadrangle inoumbwa ne pfungwa kunyorerana, pamusoro trapezoid uye Nhongonya yakanyorwa denderedzwa - iri sikweya, ane divi akaenzana nharaunda;

- nzvimbo nhamba zvakagadzirwa chikonzero zvinobva nehafu Verengai nezvigadziko panguva kukwirira kwayo.

Similar trapeze

nyaya Izvi zvinobatsira chaizvo kuti kudzidza ehupfumi ose geometric nenhamba. Somuenzaniso, mashoko diagonal paradzanisa kupinda zvokuridza zvina trapezoid, uye vari yakabatana mujinga zvakafanana, uye mativi - yakaenzana. Mashoko aya anogona kunzi pfuma zvokuridza, akavhunika trapeze diagonals ayo. Chikamu aya rokutanga hunoratidzwa kuburikidza chiratidzo kufanana maviri pamakona. Kuti aratidze chechipiri nani kushandisa nzira pasi apa.

The umboo

Bvuma kuti nhamba ABSD (AD uye BC - hwaro trapezoid) raputsika diagonals HP uye AC. Pfungwa mharadzano - O. We kuwana zvokuridza zvina: AOC - pajinga nechigadziko, Bos - yokumusoro nechigadziko, ABO uye pevhu mumativi. Triangles pevhu uye biofeedback zvacho zvakafanana nokukwirira Pakadaro, kana zvikamu zvacho kubva BO uye od muri nezvigadziko zvadzo. Tinoona kuti musiyano nzvimbo dzavo (P) akaenzana musiyano pakati zvikamu izvi: PBOS / PSOD = BO / ML = K. Somugumisiro, PSOD = PBOS / K. Saizvozvowo, zvokuridza AOB uye biofeedback vane zvakafanana yakakwirira. Chigamuchirwe kwavaiwanzogara zvikamu SB uye OA. Tinowana PBOS / PAOB = CO / OA = K uye PAOB = PBOS / K. Kubva ichi zvinoreva kuti PSOD = PAOB.

Kusimbisa zvinhu vadzidzi vanokurudzirwa kuwana richibatanidza nzvimbo zvokuridza vakawana, akavhunika trapeze diagonals ayo, achisarudza chinotevera basa. Zvinozivikanwa kuti zvokuridza Bos uye ADP nzvimbo vakaenzana, zvinokosha kuwana nzvimbo imwe trapezoid. Sezvo PSOD = PAOB, ipapo PABSD PBOS + = PAOD + 2 * PSOD. Kubva zvakafanana. zvokuridza Bos uye ANM anotevera kuti BO / od = √ (PBOS / PAOD). Somugumisiro, PBOS / PSOD = BO / od = √ (PBOS / PAOD). Get PSOD = √ (* PBOS PAOD). Ipapo PABSD PBOS + = PAOD + 2 * √ (PAOD PBOS *) = (+ √PBOS √PAOD) 2.

zvivako fanano

Kuramba kutanga dingindira ichi, zvinokwanisika kuti kuratidza, uye zvimwe zvinonakidza zviri trapezoids. Saka, vachibatsirwa kufanana anogona kuratidza pfuma chidimbu, iyo inopfuura nomunyika pfungwa inoumbwa ne mharadzano pakati diagonals ari geometric mufananidzo, kuenderana pasi. Nokuti ichi isu kugadzirisa dambudziko zvinotevera: zvakafanira kuwana pakureba RK chidimbu kuti ichipfuura pfungwa O. Kubva zvakafanana. zvokuridza ADP uye SPU inotevera kuti Ao / Os = AD / BS. Kubva zvakafanana. zvokuridza ADP uye ASB anotevera kuti AB / AC = PO / AD = BS / (BP + BS). Izvi zvinoreva kuti BS * PO = AD / (AD + BC). Saizvozvowo, kubva zvakafanana. zvokuridza MLC uye Abr anotevera kuti OK * BP = BS / (BP + BS). Izvi zvinoreva kuti OC uye RC = RC = 2 * BS * AD / (AD + BC). Chidimbu nomunyika mharadzano pfungwa yacho diagonals akaererana nechigadziko uye unobatanidza mativi maviri, ari mharadzano pfungwa iri akatsemura hafu. Kureba - ndiro harmonic zvinoreva rokufunga nemifananidzo.

Funga zvinotevera zvinoitwa trapezoid, unonzi pfuma mana pfungwa. pfungwa mharadzano pakati diagonals (D), kuti mharadzano ari kuenderera mativi (E) uyewo mid-zvigadziko (T uye G) nguva dzose okurutivi chete mutsetse. Zviri nyore kuratidza kufanana nzira. The zvichiguma zvokuridza akafanana BES uye AED, uye mumwe nomumwe kusanganisira evaMedhia ET uye DLY nekuparadzanisa chakaderedzwa mutengo angled E zvienzane nhengo. Nokudaro, nguva E, T uye F vari collinear. Saizvozvowo, pane imwe mutsetse zvakarongwa maererano T, O, uye G. Izvi zvinotevera kubva zvakafanana. zvokuridza Bos uye ANM. Nokudaro isu kugumisa kuti zvose mazwi mana - E, T, O uye F - ucharara pasi achirurama mutsetse.

Kushandisa trapezoids zvakafanana, zvinogona zvakabayirwa vadzidzi kuwana Kureba chidimbu (LF), izvo anokamura mufananidzo kupinda maviri akafanana. cheka ichi vanofanira kunge akaererana zvigadziko. Sezvo akagamuchira trapezoid ALFD LBSF uye akafanana, BS / LF = LF / AD. Izvi zvinoreva kuti LF = √ (BS * BP). We kugumisa kuti chidimbu runoparadzanisa munzvimbo mbiri trapezium akafanana, ane kureba akaenzana geometric zvinoreva kuti urefu pezvingoro vazvionere.

Funga zvinotevera kufanana pfuma. Zvinonzi inobva chidimbu kuti rwokuyera trapezoid huviri wakaenzana kukura zvidimbu. Bvuma kuti trapeze ABSD chidimbu iri huviri Eh zvakafanana. Kubva pamusoro B kutura kureba kuti chidimbu iri muzvikamu zviviri EN - B1 uye B2. Wana PABSD / 2 = (BS + Eh) * V1 / 2 = (AP + Eh) * B2 / 2 = PABSD (BP + Kavalkaran) * (B1 + B2) / 2. Uyezve kunyora hurongwa, sezvamakaropafadzwa mukana wokuti vanhu vanga wokutanga (BS + Eh) * B1 = (BP + Eh) * B2 uye wechipiri (BS + Eh) * B1 = (BP + Kavalkaran) * (B1 + B2) / 2. It anotevera kuti B2 / B1 = (BS + Eh) / (BP + Eh) uye BS + Eh = ((BS + BP) / 2) * (1 + B2 / B1). Tinoona kuti kureba kugovera trapezoid vaviri vakaenzana, akaenzana paavhareji urefu ari quadratic zvigadziko: √ ((CN2 + aq2) / 2).

fanano mhedziso

Saka, isu zvaratidza kuti:

1. chidimbu unobva pakati trapezoid panguva lateral mativi, noku BP uye BS uye BS ndiye svomhu anorevei uye BP (chawo Kureba trapezoid).

2. bhaa achipfuura pfungwa O pakati mharadzano pakati diagonals yakafanana AD uye BC achava akaenzana harmonic Zvichakadaro nhamba BP uye BS (2 * BS * AD / (AD + BC)).

3. chidimbu vachipaza trapezoid yakafanana ane kureba geometric utsinye zvigadziko BS uye BP.

4. chinhu runoparadzanisa chimiro huviri wakaenzana saizi, kureba zvinoreva mativi nhamba BP uye BS.

Kusimbisa mashoko acho uye vazive linkages pakati zvikamu zvacho zviri mudzidzi kunokosha kuvaka kwemakore chaizvo trapezoid. Iye anogona kuratidza nyore avhareji mutsetse uye chidimbu kuti ichipfuura pfungwa - the mharadzano of diagonals nenhamba - zvaivapowo pasi. Asi apo vachava rwechitatu norwechina? Achipindura izvi achatungamirira mudzidzi kuti kuwanikwa zvausingazivi ukama pakati avhareji tsika.

Chidimbu kubatana midpoints ari diagonals ari trapezoid

Funga zvinotevera enzvimbo nhamba. Tinobvuma kuti chidimbu MN zvinofambirana pezvingoro vagovane hafu Tsanga yacho yaichekwa. pfungwa mharadzano inonzi W uye S. chidimbu ichi chichava akaenzana hafu musiyano chikonzero. Ngationgororei izvi zvizere. MSH - avhareji mutsara Triangle ABS, zviri akaenzana BS / 2. Minigap - pakati mutsara Triangle DBA, zviri akaenzana AD / 2. Zvadaro tinoona kuti SHSCH = minigap-MSH saka SHSCH = AD / 2-BS / 2 = (AD + BC) / 2.

nzvimbo regiravhiti

Ngatitarisei kuti rinotsanangura chingaita kuti kupiwa geometrical nhamba. Kuti aite izvi, unofanira kuwedzera mujinga iri pakatarisana mirayiridzo. Zvinorevei? Zvakakodzera kuwedzera nechepasi kune rokumusoro pasi - mumwe mapato Somuenzaniso, kurudyi. A repasi achawedzera Kureba yokumusoro kuruboshwe. Next, batanidza zvavo diagonal. Pfungwa mharadzano kuti chidimbu ichi pamwe pakati mutsara nhamba ndiyo musimboti regiravhiti of trapezium.

Yakanyorwa uye akatsanangura trapeze

Ngatitaurei Pamazita inoratidza nhamba dzakadaro:

1. Line inogona nokudhindwa denderedzwa chete kana isosceles.

2. Around denderedzwa anganzi ane trapezoid, chero kuti vakaverenga urefu nezvigadziko zvadzo ndiyo vakaverenga urefu mativi.

Migumisiro rakanyorwa denderedzwa:

1. Kureba kwembiru trapezoid anorondedzerwa nguva dzose kuenzana kaviri nharaunda.

2. divi trapezoid zvinorondedzerwa zvinoonekwa kubva pakati denderedzwa kurudyi pamakona.

Chokutanga mugumisiro uri pachena, uye kuratidza wechipiri kunodiwa kumisa kuti pakona pamusoro pevhu rakananga, kureva, chaizvoizvo, uyewo haana kuva nyore. Asi ruzivo pfuma iyi inobvumira kuti kushandisa netriangle kodzero kugadzirisa matambudziko.

Zvino isu kutaridzwa migumisiro isosceles trapezoid, iyo nokudhindwa denderedzwa. Tinowana kuti pakakwirira ndiye geometric Zvichakadaro mufananidzo zvigadziko: H = 2R = √ (BS * BP). Zvatinosungirwa inokosha nzira kugadzirisa zvinetso trapezoids (nheyo dzakakwirira maviri), mudzidzi anofanira kugadzirisa zvinotevera basa. Bvuma kuti Bt - kukwirira isosceles nenhamba ABSD. Unofanira kuwana anotambanudza pamusoro AT uye AP. Kushandisa yemaitiro pamusoro apa, zvahuchaita hakuna kuoma.

Zvino ngatiite tsanangura sei kuona nharaunda yacho denderedzwa kubva munharaunda anorondedzerwa trapezoid. Akadarikira kubva pamusoro B kukwirira pamusoro nechigadziko BP. Sezvo denderedzwa akanyorwa trapezoid, iyo BS + 2AB = BP kana AB = (BS + BP) / 2. Kubva Triangle ABN kuwana sinα = BN / 2 * AB = BN / (AD + BC). PABSD = (BS + BP) BN * / 2, BN = 2R. Wana PABSD = (BP + Kavalkaran) * R, zvinoreva kuti R = PABSD / (AD + BC).

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Masvomhu All midline trapeze

Zvino yava nguva kuenda okupedzisira chinhu ichi geometric nhamba. Tichanzwisisa, chii chiri pakati mutsetse pakati trapezoid (M):

1. Kubudikidza zvigadziko: M = (A + B) / 2.

2. Mushure kumusoro, nechigadziko makona:

• M-H = A * (ctgα + ctgβ) / 2;

• M + H = D * (ctgα + ctgβ) / 2.

3. Kuburikidza pakakwirira uye diagonal angled therebetween. Somuenzaniso, D1 uye D2 - diagonal of trapezium; α, β - pakona pakati pavo:

M = D1 * D2 * sinα / 2 H = D1 * D2 * sinβ / 2h.

4. Mukati nzvimbo uye kukwirira: M = R / N.