F. Kafka "Nokuchinja": Muchidimbu, pachisara wongororo

Vladimir Nabokov yake yakaoma nyaya, "" Nokuchinja "Frantsa Kafki", akati: "Kana" Nokuchinja "Kafka sokuti mumwe munhu chimwe chinhu kupfuura entomological zvokufungidzira, I kuzomukorokotedza chokwadi kuti wevashumiri zvakanaka uye makuru vaverengi ' . basa iri zvechokwadi akakodzerwa chinzvimbo chayo somumwe mukuru mabhuku zvaakasika uye ndiye muenzaniso yemunyori fungidziro zvinoshamisa.

Book (Franz Kafka, "Nokuchinja") inotiudza mumwe murume, Gregor Samsa, uyo anopepuka rimwe mangwanani uye pakarepo vakaziva kuti ikava Tupukanana hombe.

Instant uye asingatsananguriki kusanduka Gregor, uyewo musanganiswa dzinogarwa uye tarenda zvinhu kuti ichi chakafanana kurota nyaya zvinoshamisa tendeka.

mutsoropodzi Reviews

Kakabudiswa muna 1912, asi chigadzirwa kwakaita vakavhengana wongororo kubva vatsoropodzi. Vaverengi vakaona kuti "Nokuchinja" - mumwe mashoma mabasa Kafka akatsvaka kubudisa. Pashure porufu rwake, kufarira nyaya yakanga yakakwirira zvikuru. Vatsoropodzi akanyora pamusoro Category zviri chigadzirwa, vamwe akaona realism iri yokufungidzira, achisiyanisa zvachose tarenda nyaya Kushandurwa Gregor ari Tupukanana. Stanley Korngold akaona kuti hapana kuverenga hakuiti hazvibatanidzi rimwe madziro, asi nguva dzose Ndinoda kudzidza guru yakawanda kutsoropodzwa vakazvipira basa iri, kuitira kuti tinzwisise zviri nani.

Vamwe vaongorori vanodavira kuti yokufungidzira ndiye "Nokuchinja" (Franz Kafka), kuti kuongorora uko aronga dzako, izvozvo anoratidza pfungwa kuzvibvisa vainzwa nomunyori panguva.

Akanga asiri chete vokuGermany kurarama muCzech guru Prague, asi muJudha munguva pokubatwa Anti-Semitism. Kafka akanzwawo dzvinyiriro kubva baba vake, avo vaida kuti mutevere makwara ake uye akava muzvinabhizimisi. Ichi chinoshamisa kushanduka ive Tupukanana Kazhinji somugumisiro pakuva munyori manzwiro ndoga uye havazozvikwanisi. Munyaya iyi, unogona kuona zvinofananidzira rudzi, chidimbu Holocaust. Nepo munyori akafa muna 1924, apo huru zviitiko weHolocaust akanga asati atanga, nhengo dzakawanda dzemhuri Kafka dzakwidzwa akarwara nayo.

Other vatsoropodzi vanowana basa nezve basa Sigmund Freud, Karla Marksa, Fridriha Nitsshe, kukurukura "Nokuchinja" sezvo itsanangudzo rokufananidzira kududzirwa kunzwisisa pfungwa dzouzivi. kunetsana Gregor nezvinhu baba vake, uye izvi sechigaro nyaya kurota zvinowanzooneka kuenzaniswa maererano Freud pfungwa hope uye ari Oedipus kunzwisisa. Mukuona Marxism Gregor hatigoni kushanda kunoonekwa sechinhu kutsutsumwa pamusoro utsinye uye utsinye basa capitalist zvayo dzinoparadza migumisiro wacho. Vamwe vanoona chinosemesa goko ari gamba sechinhu categorical kuramba kuteerera Gregor tsika uye zvaidiwa kwenzanga, kufanana Nietzschean akakwana.

F. Kafka "Nokuchinja": pfupiso

Rimwe mangwanani Gregor anomuka uye owana mufananidzo monstrous Tupukanana.

Kuedza kudzora muviri wake mutsva, anopedza nguva yakawanda uye anonzwisisa kuti anonoka basa (basa sezvo anofambira mushambadzi Gregor). Kuedza amuburitsa pamubhedha, mukova achigogodza, pakutanga mai vake, ipapo baba vake uye hanzvadzi.

Kushanya mukuru

Musoro Gregor rinobva muhofisi kuziva zvikonzero kusavapo yake kubva kubasa. Kunyange zvazvo vabereki kutaura webasa, uye hanzvadzi yangu anga achichema kamuri, Gregor sneaks pamukova ake yokurara, anovhura izvozvo, uye anomira pamberi pavo, zvinotyisa mumwe nomumwe mufananidzo wake mutsva. Mai gamba rikawira vanoziya, uye musoro nokutya anomhanya kunze mufurati.

Baba akadzvinya pepanhau uye musoro nomudonzvo uye kuedza kubata Gregor, kumhanya kumativi yokutandarira naye. The gamba pakupedzisira Vanotarisira kuti kumukova ake yokurara, asi iye chinozadzwa rakabayirwa pamukova. Baba anomhanyira mumba Gregor uye kuvhara mukova shure kwake.

Chii mamwe vanotaurwa muna yokufungidzira "Nokuchinja" Franz Kafka? Pfupiso yebhuku kuramba kuongorora zviitiko.

Vanoshamiswa uye akanetseka chaizvo anotyisa itsva achinyepera, Gregor uye mhuri yake zvishoma nezvishoma achinyatsotaurira mabasa zuva nezuva uye kutarisirwa. Saka vhiki uye mwedzi mberi. Nepo protagonist anodzidza pamusoro yaibvira muviri wake mutsva uye ake chido idzva zvakaora chikafu, Greta, hanzvadzi yake, anotarisira mukoma wake - zvokudya kaviri pazuva uye wakachena muimba.

gadziridza fenicha

Kamwe Greta anowana kuti Gregor anoda kukambaira kumativi mukamuri, kusanganisira madziro nedenga. Anoudza nezvaamai vake, uye ivo vanosarudza kuita midziyo yake yokurara kupa zvakawanda nzvimbo Gregor. Kana pamberi gamba iri nguva dzose vakavanda, kana mumwe munhu akauya akapinda mumba, asi nguva ino mukuedza kudzivirira pfungwa hama dzake, iye anowana pamusoro mufananidzo yakarembera pamadziro.

Apo vakadzi apinda mubhedhuru, mai vake anoona Gregor uye unopanga. Greta anomhanya muimba yokutandarira kuvaunza mushonga, uye gamba redu kunotevera hanzvadzi yake, achiedza kubatsira. Kana iye anotendeuka, iye anoona Gregor uye anofambisa kutya kudzokera mumba. Kushushikana, anomanyira vakapoteredza kamuri mupenyu kusvikira, kusvikira, taneta, inowira patafura, amire pakati mukamuri.

ronda

Kwapera nguva baba anodzokera kumba. Greta akamuudza zvakanga zvaitika. Baba Gregor kwazvo anodzingana muimba yokutandarira uye kukanda maapuro naye. Mumwe wavo rikawira gamba shure, kuremerwa iye. Pakarepo, amai anomhanya kunze yokurara uye okumbira vake baba kuti ndimbokuregai Gregor.

Kuti kuporesa ronda, gamba akatora mwedzi. Suo rekamuri Gregor kwakaita rakavhurika manheru, uye anogona kuchengeta zvatinosiita manheru epamba mhuri. Nepo baba dozing mu kushanda nguvo dzake bhenga, mai anoisa andapeni uye Greta achidzidza shorthand uye French. The mhuri vakaripira mutsva rokutsvaira mudzimai, imwe chirikadzi yekare, uyo anowanzotaurira Gregor. Vabereki vanosarudza kutora kuvarimi ake matatu, kuti zvimwe chouviri.

rufu

Humwe usiku, vagari vakokwa Greta kuridza violin panzvimbo yavo. Gregor chaizvo mitambo zvinokambaira pamusoro pakati mukamuri zvakanaka, nokusaziva kubatwa paaiva pamberi vateereri. Kusvika kutanga akanyonganisa uye ipapo kutya vagari vanozivisa kuti kuda kubuda pano zuva rakatevera, pasina kubhadhara rendi. Mushure vanobviswa, kwakabva mhuri rangana pamusoro zvokuita inotevera. Greta anotirayira kuti Gregor anofanira kubvisa chero zvodini. gamba redu, uyo panguva iyoyo aiva achiri avete pakati mukamuri, musana wake yokurara. Nenzara, vaneta uye mwoyo, akafa mangwanani zuva rakatevera.

Kwapera maawa mashomanana kuti rokuchenesa mudzimai anowana chitunha Gregor uye kuzivisa rufu rwake mhuri. Mushure kuenda vachengeti mhuri anosarudza kutora zuva kubvisa uye uende kunyika. Saka panoperera nyaya "Nokuchinja" Franz Kafka. Pfupiso yebhuku rake iwe chete kuverenga.

Genre - mashiripiti realism, modernism

basa iri, rakabudiswa muna 1915, muna 1912, akanyora Franz Kafka. "Nokuchinja", pfupiso dzamuchangobva kuverenga, ndowenyika Genre pamusoro modernist mabhuku. The njodzi Gregor, isina kufamba mushambadzi anotaurawo vakawanda hanya modernist kuzvibvisa chaizvoizvo, unowanikwa munzanga yanhasi. Sezvo dzimwe mabasa Genre ichi, rinoshandisa "Rwizi pfungwa" zvigadzirwa kuti zvinomiririra zvakaoma zvepfungwa yacho protagonist. Ngano "Nokuchinja" - bhuku (F. Kafka), izvo kunorevawo kuti ano mashiripiti realism , yayo juxtaposition kuti tarenda zviitiko vane chokwadi.

Time uye nzvimbo

Hazvibviri kutaura chaipo apo uye kupi nyaya zvinoitika (Kafka, "Nokuchinja"). Quick kugutsikana haapinduri mubvunzo pamusoro chaiyo uye nzvimbo chiito, hazvina kupa, uye basa pacharo. Nhoroondo asingadi kunongedzera chairo nzvimbo uye musi chaiwo. Kusara wokupedzisira chiitiko, apo Samsas kubuda muguta, zvose zvinoitwa kuitika mufurati ravo. furati ichi Hakutarisi mumigwagwa vakabatikana muguta uye muchipatara pamhiri pomugwagwa, yaiva pedyo yokurara hwindo Gregor. Kunenge kuti mufurati iri pakati peguta. Iye pachake rakanyatsojeka aizvininipisa.

Sandwiched pakati nzvimbo uye Greta, Kamuri Gregor kwakaita yakabatana yokutandarira vabereki '. Kuderedza nzvimbo nyaya furati, munyori anosimbisa voga pakati protagonist, kuzvibvisa yake kubva muvanhu.

mutambi Gregor vake; kuongorora. ( "Nokuchinja", Kafka)

Ngatitarisei vaviri munhuwo majaya. Hapana kwavo hakusi dzinounzwa chaiyo akachenjera, runako kana upfumi. Unogona kunyange kutaura kuti vari zvishoma mbwende. Pano vose muka zuva rimwe uye pakarepo kuti vane mano nezvipembenene ...

Mumwe wavo anova gamba (Spider-Man). Akakunda vanhu vakaipa. Woman akahwina. Zviri nyore kukwira kukwira nhurikidzwa dzakawanda ake vanozivikanwa suit, kukonzera kuyemurwa nevamwe.

Ndezvipi zvimwe, Gregor Samsa, iyo inotiudza (F. Kafka, "Nokuchinja"), pfupiso dzamuchangobva kuverenga? Iye anoramba immured mumba uye anodya marara. mhuri yake asingatsigiri Gregor, kana kwete kutsutsa noruvengo. Dirty, marara uye scraps, ava kufa kusurukirwa. Ndizvo hwangu upenyu inoguma ingloriously gamba nyaya "Nokuchinja" (Kafka). Reviews Nyaya Iri vasingabvumirani chaizvo ...

Kuchinja Gregor sezvo involuntary uye zvokufananidzira, kuti involuntarily kuda kuenda kare apo vachiedza kupindura mubvunzo chii chakaita kuti chokwadi kuti nguva mukomana kupera saka ingloriously hwake, vakati vagura ndokuchinja yakadaro. Kafka wongororo ane mabasa vagara zvakawanda chaizvo, uye nguva ino haana kupa mhinduro yakajeka pamusoro zvikonzero zvakadaro zvachinja muupenyu gamba rake, vachisiya yakafara kukura nokuda vatsoropodzi hypotheses. Asingachadiwi basa, aifanira kutsigira mhuri, kuvhiringidzika muupenyu hwake pachake - ichi zvose, Chokwadi, zvikuru kusingafadzi, asi kwete zvakakwana kunzi izvi saregerereka. Common matambudziko paavhareji munhu, handiti? Kunyange Gregor atinoitwa yaro kuchinja inosimbisa izvi. Pane kufungidzira nzvimbo yake itsva, gamba anonetseka, kuti arege kunonoka basa. It zvakananga kunosimbisa Franz Kafka ( "Conversion"). Summary chigadzirwa Ona kumusoro.

vatsva zvinhu

Asi Sezvineiwo mediocrity Gregor richiratidzwa pamusoro izvi, hakutadzisi iye kuzarura zvimwe nemano muviri wake mutsva. Fantastic chinzvimbo, rwakazokura kwaari zvechokwadi itsva, rinokurudzira Gregor kufungisisa kuvapo kwavo sezvo angadai asina kumbofunga, kuitwa munyaya zuva mubhizimisi nezuva.

Chokwadi, nzvimbo iyi haakonzeri pakutanga chinhu asi kusemeswa iye, asi zvishoma nezvishoma kuzarura itsva pachako unyanzvi, gamba anotanga kunzwa mufaro, mufaro, kunyange aifungisisa ruzivo usingabatsiri, kureva Zen uzivi. Kunyange apo Gregor hwega kufunganya, wechisikigo muviri pulses kambuyu mumutore vamwe zororo. Asati afa, iye anonzwa kuda mhuri yake. Ndiani gamba haruzvitsvakiri sezvinoita murume Ndaimbova - mushambadzi kugutswa upenyu, sezvatinoona pakutanga nhoroondo Gregor. Pasinei okunze ezvinhu aisiririsa, iye kunoratidzika dzevanhu uye kuda kupfuura vamwe vatambi nyaya.

kuguma

Hatingatyi, zvisinei, Gloss pamusoro mugumo wake. Nyaya "Nokuchinja" Kafka anoguma Gregor anofa muchimiro ane Tupukanana, akafukidza marara. Hakusi kunyange akavigwa zvakanaka. Kwetarisiro kutapwa gamba, ongororo yayo ( "Nokuchinja" Kafka akanyora, saka kuti chero muverengi havagoni kubatsira kufunga zvichaitirwa Gregor) akazarura sezvo zvikomborero upenyu kujairika uye kushayiwa kuti vanofanira kushivirira vaya vakasiyana, uye nokuda kwechikonzero dzakamanikidzwa kusiya kubva upenyu huzere munzanga.