Geneva Convention: misimboti humán hondo

The Geneva Convention ari kutaridza tichisunga mitemo nemurairo zvose rinoti, zvainanga kudzivirirwa nomutemo vanonetswa zvehondo huru uye kurwisana zvomunharaunda (zvose pose, uye mudzimba hunhu). Ichi gwaro repamutemo anewo zvikurukuru shoma akagadzirwa nzira uye achishandisa zvehondo, kwakavakirwa nzvimbo Humanism uye vanhu. The Geneva Convention dzinongoita achinja kwoutsinye achinyepera hondo, zvichiita zvikuru yakabudirira uye kuda vanhu.

Nhoroondo yebudiriro yevanhu, uye makuru, tinogona kudzidza nhoroondo kuwanda muhondo kunosiyana madhigirii zvechisimba uye ropa. Zvisingaiti kuwana chinenge remakore, rokugovera pamwe nezvombo kushorwa masimba uye marudzi. By yechipiri yezana rechigumi nemapfumbamwe remakore, apo hondo yakatanga kuwana mukare akamboona, vakawanda uye utsinye, kana sayenzi iri symbiosis pamwe muzvigadzirwa mberi vaitova kukwanisa kupa muchiuto zvoutsinye nevazhinji kuparadza maturusi, pane kukurumidza tinofanira kumisa kukosha gwaro yakadaro pamutemo sezvo Geneva Convention. Chakasimudzira streamlined ukama pakati mapato nekutambira achisangana uye kwakaderedza nhamba vanhuwo zvavo.

The Geneva Convention pamusoro 1864, iyo yakava wokutanga gwaro yakadaro munhoroondo, akanga ane ukoshi kuti iri chokwadi kuti akanga akamira multilateral chibvumirano akurirwe yokuzvidira accession nenyika dzose. Gwaro duku zvinosanganisira chete gumi nyaya anosarudza yose chibvumirano mutemo hondo, uye zvose zvokuyamura uye kwemitemo mukududzira wavo ano.

Makore maviri gare gare yokutanga Geneva Convention yakaitwa, kana ini angati saka, rubhabhatidzo moto Battlefields pakati rweAustro-Prussian War. Prussia, inova imwe vokutanga tsigira ichi chibvumirano, vakanamatira zvokudya zvayo. The Prussian Army akanga vakanyatsoshongedzwa zvipatara uye Red Cross aigara ikoko apo vaida kubatsirwa. Mumwe aiva mamiriro ezvinhu zviri anopikisa mumusasa. Austria haisi signatory kugungano, chete akakanda dzavo vakaurawa muhondo.

Chinangwa nekutambira Shanduro dzakawanda chibvumirano ichi, inobva ruzivo yehondo kare, aiva dziviriro kwete kodzero vasungwa vehondo, asi vanhu vasina avepo vaimbopota (vanhuwo zvavo uye vakuru vezvitendero, vashandi medical), uyewo nengarava, vanorwara, akuvadzwa, zvisinei vanopinda iro dzairwisana mapato. Vamwe zvinhu, zvakadai zvipatara, ambulances uye masangano anorwira siyana zvakare, vanodzivirirwa kuMudzidzisi nyaya yacho Geneva Convention uye haagoni vakarwisa kana kuva nhandare yehondo.

Izvi normative gwaro remarudzi uyewo inorondedzera wairambidza nzira muhondo. Zvikurukuru, asingatenderwi kushandiswa zvavo zvinangwa zvechiuto, wairambidza kushandiswa chaivo uye nezvombo nemakemikari, Anti-vashandi zvimbambaira. Hwakadzika zvinoreva Geneva Convention ndiko kuedza nechokwadi pakati nepakati kwemauto tactical faniro rumwe rutivi uye vanhu panorumwe. With kuchinja chimiro bhuku uye yezvinoreva hondo pane kudiwa munyika itsva reShanduro Geneva Convention. Somuenzaniso, maererano Nhamba remakore rapfuura, kubva ose zana vanoitirwa yehondo uye shanu masere vari vanhuwo zvavo. Zvikurukuru ichi chinoshanda kuna kunokonzera kuteurwa kweropa rakawanda hondo munhau - World War II, apo anenge State ose, kubatanidzwa mairi, kwete chete yatyora zvokudya Geneva Convention, asiwo kumboadya misimboti zvose dzetsika nokudenga.

Mana Geneva Magungano ose 1949, mamwe protocols vaviri 1977, tiri kura uye magwaro multipage zviri kudenga nepanyika. Ivo akasaina nyika 188 munyika. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mashoko magungano dzinoshanda zvose inoti, kunyange vasiri kuvashanu.