Gnedich nyanduri Nikolai Ivanovich: Biography, okugadzira zvinhu uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Gnedich Nikolay Ivanovich - nyanduri uye munyori, vaigara munyika pakupera kwezana 18-19 emakore fung. Best vaizivikanwa shanduro yake Russian kuti Homer kuti "rinonzi Iliad", pfungwa iyi rava bhuku nenguva. About upenyu uye njodzi nyanduri nebasa, tinokurukura zvizere munyaya ino.

Gnedich Nikolay Ivanovich: A Biography. udiki

Munyori ramangwana akazvarwa muna Poltava, February 2, 1784. Vabereki vake vaibva imwe anokudzwa mhuri kare, anenge varombo nenguva. Little Nicholas akarasikirwa naamai vake, uye iye akapotsa arasikirwa ake upenyu - chibhokisi mumazuva iwayo aiva nechirwere chakaipisisa. Kuti chirwere chimiro chiso Gnedich nokusunungura iye nameso ake.

Muna 1793, mukomana wakatumwa kudzidza muna Poltava Theological Seminary. Makore mashanu akazotevera, chikoro kwave vakasarudza kutamira pamwe vadzidzi Novomyrhorod kubva Poltava. Asi Ivan Petrovich, baba Gnedich, akatora mwanakomana wake kubva chikoro uye akatuma kuna Kharkiv Collegium. Mumakore iwayo, nzvimbo iyi kwainzi wokuUkraine chikoro zvikuru nomukurumbira. Collegium mudetembi ramangwana kudzidza muna 1800, akabva atamira zvachose yokugara muMoscow.

Pano pamwe chete neshamwari yekare Alexei Yunoshevskim akatora jimunasiyamu of Moscow University sezvo boarders. Asi mukati mishomanana, sezvo mukomana hwakatamisirwa mudzidzi panguva rorusununguko Philosophy, yaakanga kudzidza kubva muna 1802 kwakajeka gore.

bhuku rokutanga

In ake makore yunivhesiti Gnedich Nikolay Ivanovich vakava noushamwari nenhengo Friendly mabhuku Society, yaisanganisira A. Turgenev, Alexander Merzlyakov, A. Kaisarov. Sezvo nyanduri aiva shamwari pamwe munyori wemitambo N. Sandunova. Mumakore iwayo, jaya iri anofarira tiranoborcheskimi pfungwa, zvikanzi Schiller.

1802 kwakaratidzwa nokuda wokutanga Gnedich yaifadza - nguva yokutanga kushandura iri rakabudiswa. Raiva dambudziko, "Abyufar", rakanyorwa wokuFrance Jean Dyusisom. Panguva iyoyowo, chiedza yave ichibudiswa basa yepakutanga ari munyori - ". Maurice, kana waitirwa kutsiva" iri yokufungidzira Kwapera gore, pane mbiri chete neshanduro Schiller - the yokufungidzira "Don Corrado de Guerrero" uye nhamo "Ndamukirwa Fiesco."

Asi mari, pasinei kuti akatanga kudhindwa, zvichiri kukwana, saka vanoronga kuramba zvidzidzo zvavo kuenda. Muna 1802, mudetembi yakatamira St. Petersburg. Pano iye anowana mukuru Public Education Department. Izvi nzvimbo Gnedich vaizochengeta kusvikira 1817.

All kupembedza nguva munyori wake anopa zvidzidzo yemitambo uye mabhuku. In munda izvi kubudirira wandei kubudirira, ezvo akaita waunoziva kuti Pushkin, Krylov, Zhukovsky, Derzhavin uye vamwe Decembrists ramangwana.

hofisi

Gnedich Nikolay Ivanovich angotanga notoriety mudetembi mukuru uye mushanduri. mukurumbira Izvi wakazaruka pamberi pake kumba, uye vanokudzwa nechinzvimbo chepamusoro vazhinji St. Petersburg, kusanganisira Stroganov uye Olenin. Nemhaka patronage vanhu akanyora muna 1811, yakava nhengo Academy, uye ipapo akagadzwa raibhurari yacho Imperial Public Library, apo iye vakananga wedhipatimendi mabhuku echiGiriki.

Nokukurumidza Gnedich Nikolay Ivanovich nditsikewo yemhuka. Ivo vakabatanidzwa nevakawanda kufarira yemitambo uye nyika yekare. Izvi zvakachinja zvikuru mashoko uye pamutemo nzvimbo nyanduri.

Most zvose pamakore aya munyori opedza nguva kushanda muraibhurari. Pakazosvika 1819 rakanga zvose ari pamabhuku mabhuku, vaiva dhipatimendi yake, uye zvakanyorwa navo chaiyo mashoko. Uyezve, Gnedich kakawanda mutauri iri raibhurari kuunganidza.

bhuku muunganidzwa

Muupenyu, akanga kunyengedzwa uye ingenuous Gnedich ARMENIA Biography kumunyori anoti ake chido chete aiva mabhuku uye mabhuku. Wokutanga kwakamubatsira kuti musoro academician uye pachinzvimbo chevatatu State Patson. Kana mabhuku, kuti Gnedich akaunganidza yake pachake muunganidzwa kweinenge 1,250 isingawanzowanikwi uye dzimwe nguva nemamwe mabhuku. Pashure pokufa nyanduri, vose chakaita Poltava jimunasiyamu zvinosiyiwa. Pashure pokuchinja, mabhuku akanga ari muraibhurari Poltava, uye ipapo vamwe vavo vakatamira Kharkov.

Muna 1826 Gnedich akanga paakavapa musoro kuenzanirana Nhengo St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Muupenyu rinoshandurwa mabasa Voltaire, Schiller, Shakespeare.

Kurwara uye rufu

Gnedich Nikolay Ivanovich - mudetembi yakanaka uye chakakodzera aikoshesa kunyange venguva yake. Asi hazvisi zvinhu zvose muupenyu hwake kunaka kudaro. Zvirwere, iro rakatanga somwana, haana kumusiya. Munyori akaenda kanoverengeka kubatwa kuCaucasus, anozivikanwa nokuda chicherwa mvura. Asi zvinobatsira chete kwechinguva. Uye muna 1830, zvirwere akarwarisa mutsva simba, uyewo navo asi, uye kwazvo huro. Treatment muMoscow chakagadzirwa chicherwa mvura haana maturo. Pasinei mamiriro utano, muna 1832 mudetembi akakwanisa kugadzira uye kubudisa muunganidzwa "Poems".

Muna 1833 munyori ane furuu. Simba muviri haagoni kukunda chirwere chitsva, uye February 3, 1833 mudetembi anofa pazera makore 49. In ichi kupfupi Biography yaguma. Gnedich Nicholas akavigwa St. Petersburg Tikhvin Cemetery. In rwendo rwake rokupedzisira achiperekedzwa Pushkin, Krylov, Vyazemsky, Olenin, Pletnev nevamwe akakurumbira mabhuku inofananidza nguva.

zvisikwa

At mumwoyo acho munyori yagara pfungwa norudzi. Gnedich Nikolay Ivanovich akatsvaka rinoratidza yakanaka kodzero zvinopindirana uye basa. gamba rake nguva dzose azere kuchiva uye rusununguko. Izvi ndizvo zvakakonzera kufarira kukuru kwakadaro kune nyanduri Shakespeare, Ossian uye uri rekare zvavo.

vatambi Homer kwakaita sokuti Gnedich ndiye ari umhare vanhu uye ateteguru nekuenzana. basa rake dzakakurumbira akava "Varedzi", apo munyori akabatana Russian ngano pamwe Homeric manyorerwo. Ndosaka idyl ichi anonzi yakanakisisa chokutanga pakusikwa Gnedich. Kunyange Pushkin mu omuzasi dzavo "Evgeniyu Oneginu" akadzokorora tambo chigadzirwa ichi, kunyanya rondedzero Petersburg chena nousiku.

Pakati mabasa munyori ndiko kupa zvinotevera:

• "Beauty pamusoro Ossian."
• "Hostel".
• "Peruvian kuna Spaniard."
• "Shamwari".
• "Panguva guva ramai."

"Rinonzi Iliad"

Muna 1807, iye akatora shanduro "rinonzi Iliad" Gnedich Nikolai Ivanovich. The nhetembo zvakanyorwa hexameters, raiva pedyo chepakutanga. Uyezve, kwaiva wokutanga Russian ndima shanduro Homer. Basa rwakatora makore anopfuura 20, uye muna 1829 shanduro yakakwana yakabudiswa. Labor aiva mukuru socio-tsika uye enhetembo ukoshi. Pushkin akaiti "mukuru feat."

Pfungwa shanduro akauya Gnedich kunyange muduku, paakatanga kuverenga mabasa Homer. Pamberi pake, ichi chakaitwa nevanyori vazhinji vakakurumbira, kusanganisira Lomonosov Trediakovskii. Asi hapana kuedza kwakanga kwakundikana. mamiriro ezvinhu aya akapa kuchinjwa Gnedich kunyanya uremu uye kukosha.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

Ndairarama upenyu akanaka zvinoshamisa Gnedich Nikolai Ivanovich. Brief Biography kumunyori ringaumbwa chete dzinonakidza nezvakaitika kwaari:

• Olenin kwangotangwa Gnedich somunhu yakakurumbira uye kwazvo muturikiri ari Salons of Grand Duchess Catherine uye Empress Maria Feodorovna. Kujairirana regal vakava kusarudza kuti nyanduri. Pamusana wake kubatsira munyori akapiwa upenyu mudyandigere, saka kuti apedze nguva yake yose shanduro "rinonzi Iliad."
• Gnedich aiva wokutanga uyo akatanga kubudisa nhetembo vachiri vaduku uye kuzivikanwa Pushkin.
• Nomunyori paakavapa Medals maviri ake mabhuku basa - Vladimir IV dhigirii uye Anna II dhigirii.

Nhasi, wechikoro ose anoziva uyo akanga Nicholas Gnedich nomupiro akaita kuti mabhuku weRussia. Kunyange zvakadaro, zita rake rachengetedzwa kuburikidza emakore, uye "rinonzi Iliad" shanduro ichiri kunzi unbeatable.