Gungwa reIrish: tsanangudzo, zviwi

MuAtlantic Ocean, zvitsuwa zveGreat Britain neIreland zvinoparadzaniswa neIrish Sea. Yakagadzirwa kwenguva yakareba kwazvo uye zvishuvo kwete chete geographers uye geologists, asiwo vanyori venhau dzakaitika. Chii chinozivikanwa pamusoro pegungwa rekumucheto kweAtlantic Ocean? Uye ndezvipi zvakavanzika zvichiri kuchengetwa mumvura yegungwa yerwizi? Iyi ruzivo inogona kufarira vazhinji.

Kwamuri kutarisa pamepu

Munharaunda yekudenga, chinhu chimwe nechimwe chine zvirongwa zvakajeka. Zvisinei, iwe haunzwisisi kutarisa pachinzvimbo cheGungwa reIrish. Zviri nyore kuti uzviwane, zvichibva pane uko Ireland iripo pamepu. Saka, gungwa, iro nhau, rinoshambidzwa neGungwa reBritish kubva kumadokero, pamwe chete nechekumabvazuva kwechitsuwa cheIreland, iyo ndiyo yechitatu yeEurope. Chikamu chekumusoro chegungwa chiri pedyo nenyika dzeScotland, uye kumaodzanyemba inosangana neCelt. Kuwana ruzivo urwu, hazvisi zvakaoma kuwana gungwa rakasungwa nezviwi zviviri zveEurope.

Imwe tsanangudzo shomanana: chitsuwa cheIreland pamapu chinogoverwa kuva mativi maviri akasiyana. Imwe ndeyeGreat Britain (Northern Ireland), uye yechipiri ndeyeRepublic of Ireland (nyika yakasimudzira).

Dzimwe nhamba uye kwete kwete chete

Zvinonakidza kutarisa matanho ose ane chokuita nekududzira kweGungwa reIrish. Pakutanga, inofanira kuonekwa kuti inharaunda yacho inenge makiromita zviuru zviviri ² . Iyo yakadzika yeGungwa reIrish inonzi inofanirwa kufanana. Kunyanya, haipfuuri mamiriyoni makumi mashanu mumudziyo, uye anenge mamiriyoni zana nemashanu mukatikati yebhedha rakadzika.Pfungwa yakadzika yekudengenyeka iine mamiriyoni 175. Inowanika pedyo nehove dzeScotland (Cape Mall yeGalloway).

Nzvimbo dzepasi dzakadzika matombo ezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana, jecha uye shell rock. Zvingangodaro, kusati kwagadzirwa gungwa, zvigadzirwa zvaiva pasi pedombo zvaive chikamu chemaharaine moraines. Munharaunda yechitsuwa cheM Men the bottom sediments yakanyanyisa, yakagadzirwa nejecha uye silt.

Kureba kweGungwa reIrish pamwe nematambudziko ari pedyo ndeye 210 km chete. Uye hupamhi hwayo, uyewo kufunga nezvematambudziko - 240 km.

Geology

Sezvaunoziva, iyi sayenzi iri kudzidza chimiro chePasi. Iyo inofunga kuumbwa kwematombo, mavambo uye zvikamu zvekugadzirwa kwenyika, zvichienderera mberi kubva pakuongorora kwezviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvichiitika zvose pamusoro pepamusoro uye mumvura yakadzika.

Gungwa reIrish rakaumbwa kupfuura mamiriyoni 1.6 emakore apfuura. Panguva ino, matanho emitambo yakatanga semugumisiro wekuputika kwepasi. Somugumisiro, bhesheni rakaumbwa pamusoro penhare yepasi, iyo yakazadza mvura yeWorld Ocean. Zvinyorwa zvemazuva ano zvegungwa hazvina kutora kare kare nemagariro ezvivheji, makore 12 000 chete apfuura.

Zvinyorwa zvegungwa, zvitsuwa mugungwa

Zvitsuwa muGungwa reIrish zvakasiyana. Vamwe vavo vanogarwa, uye vamwe vanogara vasina vagari. Pakati pezvitsuwa zviduku zvinogona kuzivikanwa neHoli Island, Wally neIrlands-Ai. Nenzira, yekupedzisira yeiyi isingagari. Kune zviwi zviviri chete zvitsuwa, uye chimwe chazvo chiri chiwi cheMye, chiri cheBritish Crown. Yakarongeka, chitsuwa hachisi chikamu cheU UK uye hachina kufanirwa nharaunda yeyo mhiri kwemhiri. Chiwi chacho chine chipfeko chayo chemaoko, zvigadzirisiti zvidhori uye mintini yemari yake. Basa rinodzora rinoshandiswa neparamende yeko, asi mibvunzo yemitemo yekunze uye kuchengeteka inosarudzwa neUnited Kingdom. Nzvimbo yeMena iri 572 km ².

Chiwi chechipiri chakakomberedza Gungwa reIrish chinonzi Anglesey. Icho chikamu chekutungamira cheWales uye ndeye UK. Nzvimbo yechitsuwa ichi i714 km ².

Kana iri kumhenderekedzo yegungwa, inoputsika nevans and bays. Kunyange zvakadaro, nzvimbo dzose hadzisi huru uye hazvichengeti mukati mevhu.

Mamiriro ekunze

Mvura yeIrish yeIrish inoputirwa nemhepo yekumavirazuva. Nemhaka yei, inowanzotambudza pano munguva yechando. Mhepo inotonhora mumhepo panguva ino yegore inenge 5 ° C. Muzhizha, zvakare, isati yakanyanya kupisa, mhepo inopisa kusvika 15 ° C. Ndeapi mamwe maitiro emamiriro ekunze anotungamirira, achitsanangura Gungwa reIrish? Kupisa kwemvura muzhizha pano hakusi kupfuura 16 ° С. Munguva yechando, kupisa kwakanyanya kwegungwa remvura iri 9 ° C. Kushambidzwa kwakadaro kwemvura hakuna kukodzera kugungwa kwemahombekombe. Mukuwedzera, zvinenge zvichinyoroveswa nekuda kwekugara kwechinguva uye kupera. Kunyangwe mukukwirira kwezhizha, kune mazuva mashoma masikati.

Gungwa rinozivikanwa nokuda kwaro cyclonic muSt. George Strait. Inoumbwa nemazita akawanda emvura. Mukuwedzera, kune mazamu akaoma emvura uye semidiurnal cycle. Mvura yakasimba kwazvo, ine yakakwirira kusvika 6 m, inoonekwa kubva kumhenderekedzo yeEngland, kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero chikamu.

Mineral content

Nokuda kwehuwandu hwemvura, Gungwa reIrish rinoswedera pedyo nezviratidzo zveAtlantic. Kumhenderekedzo yacho zvishoma zvishoma, nokuti inonatswa nemvura inoyerera. Kubva kumaodzanyemba kusvika kuchamhembe, pamwe nekudzika kwakadzika mukati, pane rurimi rine mvura zhinji yemunyu. Nenzira yakawanda, salinity inowanikwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana kubva 32 ‰ kusvika 35 . Nhamba yepamusoro inowanikwa muzhizha, kunyanya munaAugust, pamiganhu yemuganhu pakati peIrish neCeltic.

Chii chinonakidza pamusoro penhau yeGungwa reIrish

Vanyori vezvakaitika kare vanodzidza Gungwa reIrish, vachinyatsopindira uye vachibatanidza nekuvandudzika kwemarudzi mazhinji eEurope. Mumazuva eGreece yekare uye muRoma, nzvimbo yechitsuwa cheIreland yakanzi "Iberia". Shanduro yekufungidzira yeshoko iri "inotonhora." Uye gungwa pachavo rainzi "IvaEria".

Pamusoro pezvinotengeswa zveGungwa reIrish, pasinei nemvura uye mhepo, Celtic midziyo yakashinga yakafamba. Gare gare, achiedza kuwana mitsva itsva uye kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemabhizimisi, maVikings aiwanzofamba pano. Vakagadzira pamiganhu yekugadzirisa kuitira kuti vave nekugona kuzorora, kuzadza zvinhu uye kugadzirisa zvikepe zvavo.

Nhoroondo yekuvandudzwa kweGungwa reIrish kunogona kuteverwa kuburikidza nekuwana kwezvinochera matongo pachiwi cheMarume. Chitsuwa chacho chaipfuura kakawanda kubva kune rumwe rutivi. Pano unogona kuwana masara ezvivako zveNeolithic, kugadziriswa kwemazuva aMambo Edward weNorthumbria. Mukuwedzera, ndima yacho kakawanda yakava nzvimbo yeEngland, kuScotland.

Kana iwe uchifarira fuma yekare, zvino, maererano nenheyo, pane dzakawanda zvezvo. Muzana remakore rechi16, mumvura yeIrish Sea, shanduro yakakurumbira ye "Invincible Armada" yakamira. Paiva nezvikepe makumi maviri nemasere pakugadzirwa kwaro, izvo zvisingagoni kuva zvisina chinhu. Chivi chechikepe chakakoromoka ndicho chando chakasimba kwazvo, chakapedza vhiki mbiri.

Zvematongerwe enyika uye zvezvehupfumi

Pamahombekombe eGungwa reIrish, kune zvikepe zvakawanda zvakakura zveEngland neRepublic of Ireland. Chimwe chezvikepe izvi chinonzi chikuru pane yose yeGreat Britain. Inonzi Liverpool. Chikwangwani chikuru chinowanikwawo muguta reDublin. Nhamba huru yezvigadzirwa zvinopfuura nepakati pematokari.

Kufanana nemakungwa ose, akaenzana neAtlantic Ocean, yeIrish yakakurumbira nekuda kwekubata kwayo kubata. Pano, makambani ekubatwa kwehove yeharing, cod, whiting, flounder uye zvishoma anchovies inobudiswa. Nzvimbo huru dzehove dzinotakura zvikepe ndezvokuti Fleetwood, inowanikwa yeChirungu nezvinhu uye Kilkil, nharaunda yeRepublic of Ireland.

Mhepo ine simba yakaita kuti zvikwanisike kuvaka zvivako zvine simba zvemhepo munzvimbo dziri kumhenderekedzo. Mumwe wavo ari muRepublic of Ireland, pedyo neguta reA Arklow, wechipiri - pedyo neguta reDrogheda. Mu UK, purazi yemhepo iri pedyo neguta reRila.

Kwemakore mazhinji, kwakave nekukurukurwa kwechirongwa chinonakidza, chinangwa chekubatanidza zvitsuwa zveBritain neIreland. Kunyange zvazvo zvisinganzwisisiki, ichava bhulogi kana pasi pemvura, sezvinenge pasi peChirungu Channel. Zvose sezvese zvinogara pamari. Kuzadzikisa kweprojekti hakugone kuzvitora.

Pane peji chinyorwa mumugumo weGungwa reIrish. Kusvikira muna 2003, pakanga pane nzvimbo hurukireya yakawanda, ine zita rinonzi Sellafield. Kuvakwa kwayo kwakatanga pashure peHondo Yenyika Yechipiri, muna 1947. Mukuwedzera kune simba rekugadzira simba, kugadzirwa kwezvombo-gorosi plutonium uye nuclear nyuzi dzemiti yenyukireya zvakarongwa pano. Sangano reGreenpeace kwemakore akawanda rakaratidza kuti Sellafield inosvibisa mvura yeGungwa reIrish. Kuparara kwezvombo zvenyukireya kwakatangwa makore mashomanana gare gare (muna 2007), mushure mokunge sarudzo yepamutemo yekuvhara.