Holstein mhou: noruzhinji. Dairy mombe

mombe All akatunhidzwa nhasi rakakamurwa mapoka makuru maviri: mukaka uye nyama gwara. Zvechokwadi, kazhinji, varimi kuchengeta mhuka dzakasiyana-siyana wokutanga. Chimwe chezvinhu nevanhu mukaka zvose panguva imwe chete riri Holstein mhou erudzi. Hunhu negoho kwayo udoyam chete akanaka.

History erudzi

Akatunhidzwa Holstein (Frisian) mombe akanga muUnited States. Parent dombo kwaari wakange Dutch. Kubva Europe kuti America ine mhou matema-motley vakaunzwa pakati remakore rechi19. Dutch erudzi kuvandudza mune US American Breeders vakasarudza nokuda kwayo negoho zviratidzi hahwo kunyanya. An rinokosha iri kuridzwa ne chokwadi kuti Cows ava netsika dzeko zvakanaka itsva okunze kwavari. Mhedziso Holstein-Friesian erudzi muna America, aine chainyanya kuwedzera uremu mhuka uye, naizvozvo, kuwedzera kugadzirwa mukaka. Zviratidzi akadai mafuta kugutsikana uye makemikari anoumba mukaka zvinenge nzeve haana kupiwa. Muna 1983, ivo Holstein-Friesian mombe Yakazopiwa zita rokuti nyore Holstein.

Description kwazvakaita

By vana rechiDutch Holstein mhou American nomukaka mombe European iri musiyano zvikurukuru nokuda guru guru muviri. Izvi rakanyatsojeka yakakwirira panguva hunooma uye mhuka simba. Color muna Holstein mhou makore 150 kusarudzwa haana kuchinja. The inonyanya ruvara rasviba uye chena. Apo neapo pane mhou nhema kana tsvuku uye variegated. Ekupedzisira mhando pakutanga kuraswa. Gare gare, zvisinei, mhou izvi zvava kusarudzirwa - nokuti paumbwe imwe erudzi itsva. Kuwedzera kune guru body mass, zviratidzo golshtinkogo mombe dziri:

• nesimba uye elongated muviri;

• akareba tsoka;

• mukombe-zvakaumbwa zamu pamwe mutsinga zvakajeka kuonekwa;

• asi wakafara bhokisi.

Adult Holstein mhou anosvika hunooma masendimita 150 bullhead - 162 cm.

Holstein rudzi mhou: asi zvakaita negoho

In mashoko mukaka richabereka ichi mombe American nokure mhando dzakawanda dzeEurope. Panguva lactation Holstein Burenka anogona kupa 10-12 zviuru. Litres mukaka. Very chakanaka ichi erudzi uye waivako zviratidzo. Paminiti kuti mukaka kunogona kusvika 3 makirogiramu. Fat zviri mukaka kubva Holstein mhou haisi yakawandisa - vanenge 3%.

Sezvambotaurwa, mhuka idzi makuru chaizvo. Weight mukuru mhou anogona kusvika 700 kg asi nzombe - 900 makirogiramu. Goho nyama panguva pakuuraya Unorudzi 50-55%.

Holstein mombe muRussia

In nyika yedu, chaizvo mukuru mumichero dzemarudzi mombe. Holstein mombe, mitengo yakanga muRussia achiri zvikuru yakakwirira, yakahwina ichangopfuura varimi vakawanda uye dzakakurumbira zvikuru. Sanganisa ichi mombe American kwete chete kuti vawane dzakakwirira Goho, asiwo kuvandudzika kuti aripo dzinoita. Chokwadi kuti mumwe zvakanakira Holstein mhou vane majini simba. The huru kuoma iri kugadzirwa VaNefirimu vanoonekwa yakaoma kuzvara mhuka. Vamiririri vakawanda vomunharaunda nomukaka dzinoita hazvina guru kukura uye uremu. Kureva mudzimba Cows chete zvakaoma kuva guru Holstein remasanganiswa.

rora nezvayakaipira

Holstein mombe erudzi, iyo inoratidza pamusoro kugadzirwa mukaka waivako wakanaka Zvisinei, ane zvimwe payakaipira. Mumwe downsides emombe izvi vachirayira pazvinhu zvokudya uye pokugara. Holstein mhou negoho zvakananga zvinoenderana sei zvokudya zvichange zvakagadzirirwa nemazvo. Musha achaita mhuka iyi inofanira kuva chiedza uye Airy. Kunyange pamusoro ose zvirwere Holstein erudzi anonzi kugadzikana pasi rinorema yokuwandisa uye kushayikwa kufefetedza mudura yekudyidzana zvakawedzera mukana matenda. Kuti vabudirire kuita erudzi urwu zvakanaka, varimi vanofanira kutevera zvose zvaidiwa wokuchengeta mombe rwokugadzira chaizvo.

dzokudya Features

MuRussia, negoho nomukaka mombe akaberekwa kwemazana emakore. Panguva ino, unyanzvi vave dzakabudirira kugutsikana, vachibvumira kuita zvakanakisisa kunyatsoshanda zviratidzo. In Zvinotaurwa, ruzivo izvi zvose zvikuru yakanyatsokodzera ruminant kusanganisira Holstein mombe.

mhou zvokudya dzemunharaunda mudzimba zvipfuwo mapurazi anonyanya papfungwa dzavo mhenyu uremu. Uyezve, kufungisisa mafuta zviri mukaka. Chaizvoizvo rudzi dzichifura chichasimbiswa, kufungisisa ivhu uye okunze iyoyo chaiyo nzvimbo. In vaigadzirira zvokudya nokuda nomukaka Nemombewo kufungawo yokuti monotonous kudya mukuru mumukaka mhuka hazvigoni kuwanwa kubva kwavari. Mhou dzinofanira kupiwa sezvo pfungwa (gorosi bran) uye zvinonyadzisa (uswa) uye manune (miriwo, mudzi miriwo) chikafu. Panyaya iyi, zvokudya zvinofanira kushandurwa kanenge kaviri pamwedzi.

Roughage dheri Burenka vanofanira kugamuchira anenge 1-2 makirogiramu pa makirogiramu 100. uremu muviri pazuva, manune - 8-10 makirogiramu. Inonyanya kupa negoho kunobva iyoyo chaiyo erudzi uye lactation pa 1 kg mukaka.

zvirimukati Features

Kakawanda, varimi Russian ruminant mhou akaberekwa ari mafuro stabling michina. nzira iyi inogona kuderedza mari inoshandiswa mukaka. Farmyard Michina iri chete kushandiswa munzvimbo ine nzvimbo huru munda. Ndizvo mafuro apo zvishoma. Panyaya iyi, muzhizha iri mhou akaramba ari pamuitiro (mu iyi vari kudya yakatengwa mutema zvokudya), uye muchando rinoshandurwa kupinda mudanga-siyana.

Zvechokwadi, mune chero kwakavakirwa vaida mombe, inofanira akashongedzerwa kufefetedza uye okuvimba. Nokuti mhuka neimwe anopiwa nzvimbo yaro pachedu. 10 masendimita pazasi mudanga akaronga ndove chiteshi. tether pakureba inofanira kuva vakadaro kuti mhou yaizotamira akasununguka, urare, uchidya nokumwa.

Mutengo Holstein mombe

How zvikuru izvi mombe American? Nhasi, munyika yedu varimi vazhinji akatunhidzwa Holstein mhou erudzi. Price pamusoro mhuru uye nzombe Zvisinei, kusvikira panzvimbo dzakakwirira. Zvichienderana nezera hwemhuka nekudunhu kunogona 55-150 zviuru. Rubles.

Holstein mombe, zvainyanya izvo zvakapiwa munyaya ino apo zviri pasina zvemichina kutyorwa kunoratidza chete nemigumisiro zvinoshamisa kwete mukaka Kugadzirwa chete asiwo nyama goho. mombe ichi American dzinoratidzwa vazhinji zvakanakira uye sanganisa nayo zvechokwadi zvinobatsira kusanganisira Russia.