Inter-dzemadzinza noukama uye nenyika. Interethnic ukama Russia ano

The nyanzvi Russian pakati yakakurumbira maonero kuti Inter-dzemadzinza ukama - aakaudzwa, zvigadziriswe pakati nekuita pakati vanhu chete dzinza nevamwe vagari kana vagari mamwe inoti, anomirira mamwe marudzi. Chaizvoizvo yavo inobva kukurukurwa mhuri, mhuri, enyika uye vamwe nyaya, vadyi zvinetso. mu Psychology Nyanzvi tizive mbiri dzinokosha zvese, izvo akaronga Inter-dzemadzinza ukama - pachedu uye seboka.

Zvinhu Peoples 'Shamwari: asi seboka chechetere

Chii chinoratidza hunhu kuMudzidzisi kutaurirana? Chinova chinhu chinokosha kana Inter-dzemadzinza ukama sezvo zvakanaka, kana, nekusiyana, kutakura mukana kunetsana? Chokutanga, onai kuti zvose zvinoenderana padanho nekuita pakati vanhu - mumwe wevaviri pamusoro apa.

Chokutanga, tinofanira kuongorora zvinhu chaizvo kuti rezvizhinji. Nyanzvi dzinodavira kuti maonerwo panyaya zvichakanganisa kuva nokukurukurirana pamusoro siyana marudzi ari seboka sandara, kungaenderana achinyanya sei ivo anosangana kare. Izvi zvine musoro: ruzhinji marudzi uye madzinza zvenyika ano yakaumbwa mazana emakore apfuura, uye kana isu kutaura nezvevamwe vanhu - kunyange zviuru. "Young", pasina chinokosha munhoroondo ruzivo avanhu interethnic kukurukura vashomanana, asi ivo vari.

zvinhu pose

Chimwe chinokosha - the socio-enyika mamiriro ezvinhu munyika, munzvimbo yose munyika. Pane neizvi izvo zvinoratidza kuti ushamwari, inobva Zvaiitika, vanhu vaigona 'kuwa panze "(kana, Ukuwo," kuti rugare ") somugumisiro chero kuchinja zvematongerwe. Unoitawo basa uye simba zvenhau, izvo, zvisinei, havasi kuratidza socio-enyika chaizvo.

Friendship unhu

Ndezvipi zvinhu chokuita interethnic ukama somunhu oga oga? Chokwadi, avo kuti isu zvawanyora pamusoro apa, uyewo kuita basa rinokosha. Zvisinei, vanogona kuuya pasina kana vanhu kuwirirana nemumwe (kana, Ukuwo, kuva kupikisana) panguva wacho mupfungwa chechetere. Uyewo munzira kuchasanganisira dzimwe ndudzi vamwe sei nezviito chaizvo vanhu vari mumamiriro ezvinhu. Kana, somuenzaniso, vamiririri vaviri dzinozivikanwa anorwisana marudzi vanozviwana vari mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma uye vadyi kuedza kubuda mariri, saka zvinoita kuti ushamwari zvavanazvo, vanoti, Musateura mvura.

Nzira dzekuziva nadzo inobudirira nenyika

Political uye socio-zvoupfumi kunyika zvenyika, zvimwe pakutanga zvinoenderana sei mwero anovaka mumhuri mitemo. Uye chete pashure - nokuda unhu kukurukurirana international munhandare. Kune Chokwadi, hurumende ine dambudziko rakadaro hakuna kufanira - nokungoti vokuparidzira ranyura "monoethnic" default rudzi monolingual yabatanidza kupinda rehondo kubatana nemagariro uye mafungiro.

Asi Russia - imwe nyika umo mune mazana zvakasiyana vanhu mutauro waamai, tsika, uye maonero. Saka, asati zviremera kuRussia anogara zvakaoma - kuti kuitisa kuramba unhu richiona nezvezvabuda Inter-dzemadzinza ukama mukati munyika, kuona dambudziko kunzvimbo uye zvinobudirira kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Asi ndezvipi zvinodiwa pokugara nenyika? How kuwana uye zvinobudirira kupedza zvinetso Inter-dzemadzinza ukama? Nyanzvi danai dzakasiyana-siyana zvinodiwa. Funga mienzaniso zvine musoro uye vanonzwisisa.

Nechokwadi enzana enyika kodzero

Uye vokupedzisira asi kwete muduku - kune vemarudzi ose vanogara mudunhu. Inter-kwemadzinza uye Inter-dzemadzinza ukama - ndiko, pakutanga kwezvose, chikamu zvematongerwe. Nokudaro, marudzi kuti kuitawo izvozvo, vanofanira kuva zvakafanana nezvinhu kutaura pachavo nzvimbo dzavo, mafungiro, zvinotendwa. At dzavo dziripo kuva akafanana, uye Zvakanakisa - zvakafanana zvombo pamwe nezviremera. In tsika, izvi zvinogona kuva chete nekodzero enyika zvinogona kuitwa kuti nechigadziko - kuti vasanangurwa uye kusarudzwa. Kureva vamiriri siyana nevanhu Russia anofanira kuva zvinhu nekutaura zvavanoda uye kubatanidzwa kuumba zvematongerwo wenyaya kuti nyika.

Dzinobatsira zvishandiso kuti chinangwa ichi chingava kupa yenyika nzvimbo mikana kuzvitonga, uyewo kuvapo nesarudzo zvigadziriswe kuburikidza iyo vanhu Pave zvinogona kumiririrwa ehurumende uye yakakwirira ezvirevo simba.

Rimire pamusoro socio-zvoupfumi Misiyano

Harmonization kuti interethnic ukama yechinangwa imwe nyika kwakaoma, kana zvakasiyana vanhu, kunyange kugara kure mumwe, zvakasiyana-uye zvakasiyana mari, kuwana dzidzo yakanaka, mushonga uye kwezvivako. Zviremera vanofanira kuvaka muenzaniso zvoupfumi munyika iyo nyika dziri kutsigirwa kwoupfumi kwaari, asi havana kuwana kusvika pakukuvadza apo zvinhu kuenda nani.

Practical zvishandiso pano - weighted mutero uye fiscal mutemo, akangwara mubhizimisi - mu indasitiri, kwezvivako uye dzidzo.

Vakwanise kuti yakawiriranwa shiviriro

Zvinoitika kuti akawanda marudzi akasiyana saka dissimilar Pfungwa uye tsika nemagariro, ivo havachakwanisi kwete chete nhaurirano rinovaka pamusoro Implementation ari kutaurirana sezvo vakadaro. Havagoni kunzwisisa mumwe, kunyange kana kukurukurirana mumwe kuti kunonzwisisika kuti mutauro mumwe. Zviri, zvichida, kwete zvinoreva mashoko, asi nezviito, misimboti, dzemunharaunda yokuzvibata. Asi kunzwisisa izvi zvinogona kubatsira kumisa chetatu vanhu avo urongwa hwakatangwa akagadzirirwa kugadzirisa matambudziko akadai nokupa mumwe nomumwe "kunzwisisa" mhando nekuyanana muenzaniso maitiro, vakwanise umo mamwe marudzi vanogamuchirwa nezvikanganiso, kwete kuramba. Zvinofanira kuitika, muna parlance ano, achishivirira interethnic ukama.

Dzinobatsira midziyo nokuti Implementation kuti chikamu ichi nenyika chingava kunatsa zvirongwa zvedzidzo, vezvenhau ukama, chiitiko utariri panguva yeUnited chechetere Profile yetsika exchange.

Russian Muchiitiko

Pakuti Inter-dzemadzinza noukama uye nenyika muRussia dzinoenderana nzira dzekuziva akaratidza pamusoro? Kudivi rimwe, hurumende akakwanisa kuvaka masangano zvakafanira kuti tiratidze neimwe nzira idzi. nyika imwe neimwe ine yayo paramende yenyika vamiririri iri Federation Council. boka rimwe nerimwe dzinza vaigara Russia, ane zvachose kuenzana enyika kodzero. Kubva upfumi chikamu chakaoma, asi zvingangoita kuti chokuita chinangwa ndima yakakura uye, sezvo zvakaguma hazvibviri swatanudza mashoko evanhu ezvinhu vagari munharaunda yose. Uyezve, kusiyana nemitemo zvipenyu pakati munhu kumatunhu Russia iri zvinenge asina yakasungirirwa munyika zvinhu. It chikuru chinokonzera resourcing, uyewo okunze uye kwezvivako. In zvenhau, dzinenge avo anowanzoshandurwa anonzi dzinoverengeka paruzhinji, rwokuchengeta zvikuru kushivirira wedzero mutemo, uyewo mapurogiramu dzinokosha rokudzidzisa. Ukuwo, Russia mukati ayo nemiganhu aripo uye ari enyika ano inotungamirwa - imwe nyika duku chaizvo. Uye nokuti chaizvo ndezvipi nezvokuti Inter-dzemadzinza noukama uye nyika policies kunge vakamiswa zvakakwana kuita mangwanani. Kunyange Chokwadi, zvinokosha preconditions kudya, uye isu akavadana.

Funga zvino sei vari interethnic ukama Russia pachiyero munhu evanhu masangano. Ngatitange nedzidzo.

marudzi School

With zvose zvinobvira zvaanorumbidza Soviet dzidzo gadziriro, mumwe wayo zvazvisingarambiki zvakanakira - kuvapo kudzidza anoranga kuti vari chinokosha panyaya kukura vanhu - kare, mabhuku uye sayenzi munzanga. Panguva iyoyo hazvina akanga wakapata National kadhi. Historical enyika zviitiko anenge asina vana vakanga vachipisira kuburikidza prism ruvengo pakati pavanhu vagere Soviet Union, kana sezvo pamusana heroism pakati chete rudzi chero. Zvose zvakanaka kwakasvika mugovanisi yokumusha, zvaiita nemhaka kuitwa yose vanhu veSoviet.

The muenzaniso Soviet

Vakawanda vanamazvikokota ano vanodavira kuti munguva zhinji kuremekedza nemhaka iyi, akaradzika pasi kuchikoro ezvinhu, ano vagari mukuru pakati Russian Federation vaitirei default nemamwe marudzi kunyanya nenzira youshamwari, muchitenda kuti tava - chikamu chete vanhu Russian. Dzimwe nyanzvi dzinodavira kuti tinofanira kuva yakawanda kuonga chokwadi kuti zvino pane harmonization pakati interethnic ukama, chikoro panguva yaitonga Soviet Union. Zvakakosha kuti usarasikirwa kukosha ruzivo kuti vadzidzisi vari kuunganidza sezvo Soviet Union kwemakumi emakore.

Chokwadi, mumwe nomumwe zviitiko apo Inter-kwemadzinza ukama chikoro pamwe dambudziko ikoko. Zvisinei, zvimwe hadzisi hurongwa. Nhasi vana, kufanana vavo vamutangira Soviet - nokuti ushamwari vanhu.

mamiriro pfungwa

Interethnic ukama Russia ano Makavakwa neHurumende pachishandiswa mukuru pfungwa. Funga mamiriro ayo.

Mumwe wokutanga kuchikosha nomutemo mabasa munzvimbo iyi - Presidential Chirevo chasainwa muzhizha ra1996. Gwaro iri rakatoshandurirwa repealed, asi chiito chepamutemo ichi chine anonakidza kwegadziriro maonero uye zvavanokoshesa uye dzakasiyana siyana dzemitemo kuteverwa nezviremera panguva yeUnited uye Regional mumatunhu pamusoro dzemadzinza ukama. Chinangwa pamutemo chiito kuona vanhu akaparidza kubatana avanhu Russia iri itsva nhoroondo chechinyorwa.

Gwaro akati kuti tsika interethnic ukama nyika yedu yakatanga kwemazana emakore. Vazhinji emadzinza vaigara Russia - zvemo pavanhu vakaita rinokosha nhoroondo muchinangwa paumbwe statehood. Zvinosimbisawo kuti vanhu vokuRussia vakaita basa vabatane, vachibvumira vokuRussia - rudzi kunoratidzwa rakasiyana mubatanidzwa kubatana uye zvakasiyana-siyana emadzinza.

Trends 90

Chirevo 1996 kwakaratidza zvinoverengeka yokurera, maererano nemasimba, anogona kuratidza unhu zvitendero uye interethnic ukama Russia. Pano vari.

Chokutanga, apo pane Transitional Danho (sezvo izvi kunyora murayiro haana kuenda kwemakore akawanda kudaro kubva musi pokuwa USSR), iri kukura Russian rudzi zvinokanganisawo zvinodikamwa nendudzi zhinji kuti rusununguko.

Chechipiri, kuti madzinza kuti vanoumba rudzi rwedu, kunzwa kuti abate nesimba zvinobudirira zvazvingava zvinhu, kufungisisa nezvokuti socio-kwoupfumi pfuma kumatunhu havagoni kuva zvakafanana.

Chechitatu, Inter-kwemadzinza ukama Russia ano vanoonekwa ne chokwadi kuti vanhu munyika yedu, tsvaka kuchengetedza uye zvakare kuva netsika kuzivikanwa kwavo.

Areas basa nhasi

Ko mutemo pamwe anobatsira policies nemaonero nhasi? Chii zvinosanganisira zviyero kuti harmonization pamusoro interethnic ukama muRussia? Panzvimbo Chirevo 1996 vane itsva chirevo wenyika, yakabudiswa muna 2012. Vakawanda kiyi pfungwa kuti isu pamusoro apa, akasimbisa chiito chepamutemo ichi. Saka, chii anoda kuti simba, kuvaka Inter-dzemadzinza noukama muRussia? Hezvino zvimwe zvaiva mutsamba, iyo inogona kupa pfungwa ingangovapo netsika urongwa mubumbiro idzva Presidential zvinotaura.

Chekutanga, zvinofungirwa kugadzirwa uye intensification yetsika pakukurukurirana Inter, vakapararira pakati mamwe madzinza ruzivo nevamwe.

Chechipiri, hurumende unopisa basa kuwedzera basa ethnographic mirayiridzo mumunda Inter-dzemadzinza tsika uye dzidzo zviitiko, nzvimbo nzendo, mitambo makwikwi.

Chechitatu, unokosha mirayiridzo iri kuvandudzika basa rokudzidzisa nevana uye vechidiki, pamwe ikumikidzo uchiratidza kuzvipira kunyika uye nedzevanhu kuziva rinoti.

Ushamwari marudzi - nheyo pakukura reRussia

Izvi uye zvimwe zvigadziriswe kuti kudyidzana pakati hurumende uye vanhu vazhinji vanofanira, sezvo Russian muparamende anotenda kuumba hwaro hwakasimba, kwakavakirwa hwuchavapano kukura vanhu, kwete chete nechipo asiwo vaizotevera. Pfungwa Chokwadi, anoshamisa. Implementation ko hakubvi chete pamusoro nehurumende policies, asiwo zviito vagari pachavo.