Iyo nyika akashanyirwa Marco Polo munzendo dzake Asia?

Marco Polo - yakakurumbira mufambi kuMiddle Ages. Nzendo dzake dzose, akarondedzera zvakadzama mu "The Nzendo Marco Polo", iro rava chinokosha kunobva nenzvimbo ruzivo panguva. Iyo nyika vakashanyira Marco Polo? Izvi uchadzidza kubva ino.

Marco Polo: pfupi Biography

All chete, "The Nzendo Marco Polo" isu uswedere anokosha ruzivo pamusoro Biography yacho mufambi. Apo iye akaberekwa uye kana akafa, izvo akashanyira nyika, uye kana Marco Polo akatanga rwendo rwake guru rokutanga - kokutanga zvose mibvunzo iyi aigona kupindura humanist Giovanni Ramos. Muzana XVI remakore ndiye akanyora mashoko akakwana Biography of Italian munyori uye kudzungaira.

Makore Inotorwa oupenyu Marko Polo: 1254-1324. Akanga akaberekerwa Venice, kana zvimwe zvekungofungira musi Korčula chitsuwa (mune zvino Croatia). dambudziko rake akafunga pachine, sezvo baba Marco akanga dzomutengesi, zvakare, uye inozivikanwa zvikuru. Naizvozvo, mwanakomana vakatevera tsoka mubereki kwayo. In ake rwokutanga, akaenda kare 6 makore. Chinangwa rwendo urwu chaiva taundi Sudak muna Crimea.

Chinonziwo kuti nomushambadzi vakapedza makore maviri ari musungwa Genoese. Rakanga ipapo uye rakanyorwa Nhoroondo chii nyika vakashanyira Marco Polo muupenyu hwake. Zvisinei, kufarira zvikuru mubhuku vakararama panguva yake haina kuratidza.

Marco Polo aiva vakapfuma vose Venetian vatengesi. In ake kuderera makore omunharaunda uye zvose akadana kwaari shoroma. Akafa kunozivikanwa aiongorora muna 1324. Iye akavigwa, Ungangove, muna Venice, muna San Lorenzo chechi.

Iyo nyika akashanyirwa Marco Polo mukufamba ake kuburikidza Asia

Great rwendo Venetian nomushambadzi, akatanga muna 1271. Panguva iyoyo akanga 17 chete nemakore. Marco Polo nechikepe pamwe nababa vake uye sekuru.

Iyo nyika akashanyirwa Marco Polo parwendo urwu? Kuti tipindure mubvunzo uyu haisi nyore. Vezvenhau reconstructed nzira rwendo urwu chete zvokufungidzira. Somuenzaniso, imwe mhuri Polo aenda China kuburikidza Mesopotamia divi, Pamir uye Mongolia. Munzira, naivowo akashanyira Iran, kuCeylon, India uye Sumatra. Kunyange zvazvo bhuku rinotaura Marco uye zvachose incredible nzvimbo mazita: somuenzaniso, Japan, Madagascar uye kunyange Brazil!

Muna 1275 muziviswe mhuri Polo zvasvika China. Mugore iroro vakasvika muguta Shandong, izvo chaimbova muzhizha yakagara Kublai Khan. In China, Marco Polo yakapedza anenge 17 makore. Iye kunyange aiva imwe nguva gavhuna Yangzhou.

Mhuri akasiya China chete muna 1291. In Venice vakadzoka yakawanda zvipo uye pfuma. Saka, rwendo Marco Polo muna Asia kwemakore anopfuura 20. Panguva ino, iye akakunda vamwe 24 000 makiromita.

"The Book of Wonders of World"

basa iri kwave kuchiita munhau yacho, 57 maBhaibheri. It rakadhindwa mumitauro pfumbamwe yokuEurope! Kunyange zvazvo zviri vaidavira kuti basa yepakutanga yakanga yakanyorwa French.

"The Book of Wonders of World" chinosanganisira zvitsauko mana, mumwe vakazvipira kune mumwe nyika kana zviitiko:

1. Central Asia neMiddle East.
2. China.
3. India, Japan, kuCeylon, uye kumabvazuva kweAfrica.
4. Chikamu ichi anotsanangura hondo eMongolia nevavakidzani vavo nechokuchamhembe.

Book Marco Polo kakawanda rewritten uye rakanatswa, inowedzera chose zvimedu itsva orugwaro.

Uye kana rwendo yakanga?

Vatsvakurudzi zhinji ano chokwadi: kana Marco Polo akashanyira kuFar East zvavo? Pachiitiko ichi, Frensis Vud muna 1995 kunyange zvakabudisa bhuku vanoda: "? Ko Marco Polo kuna China ndakaenda" Mairi mutsvakurudzi kunoratidza kuti nomushambadzi haana kumabvazuva Levant. Pashure pezvose, sei asina cherechedzai uye usazvinyora mubasa rake zvinhu zvakadai emapuranga chopusitiki, kana hwokunyanyisa rudo tii.

Pakuvamba, muna 1966, Herbert Franke mu nyaya yake akataura kuti "The Book of Wonders of World" - haasi chinhu asi mutswe-kure anoverengeka zvitsauko zvino akarasika dzechiArabhu Encyclopedia. Asi kuFar East, ari maonero musayendisiti German, Marco Polo haana rova.

Asi, zvichida, Marco Polo achiri akashanyira China. Lawyers tsanangura shanduro iyi zvinopikisana zhinji mubhuku nezvikonzero zviviri: chokutanga - ichi chinhu kukwana shanduro, uye wechipiri - hwakawanda conjectures basa enumerators. Nemamwe mashoko, pano aitambisa chikamu chake rinozivikanwa nheyo "wakaputsika runhare".

Zvisinei, Marco Polo nokusingaperi akapinda nhoroondo munyika nenzvimbo matongo. Zita mufambi anonzi asteroid, mwedzi mwena, rimwe fura uye bhiriji China, uyo zvichipomerwa akaona Marco munzendo dzake East.

mhedziso

Vanonzi "Book of Wonders of World", rakanyorwa Venetian mufambi Marco Polo, razova chinokosha tsime Nzvimbo uye ethnographic ruzivo kuMiddle Ages. Kutaura zvazviri, akatanga basa chakakomba, izvo akatanga vokuEurope kuti inoshamisa uye kure East.

Zvino kuti unoziva izvo nyika akashanyira Marco Polo munzendo dzake. Yaiva China, Pamir, Tibet, Mesopotamia, Kashgar, kuCeylon, Sumatra, uye Iran.