Kerch Strait: upamhi (mufananidzo)

Mvura Kerch Strait, rakafukidza chitsuwa Tuzla, unobva kweGungwa Azov uye Gungwa Black. Kurutivi pamhenderekedzo, Vakasuka Kerch kweItari, uye kubva kumabvazuva - yegungwa of Taman Peninsula. Huru chiteshi anoonekwa kuti Kerch.

mazita munhoroondo

With achinyora vemazera Kerch Strait, ane upamhi kunosiyana-siyana pamwe yayo yose kureba, kuchinja zita. In kare vanhu vakanga vagara pasi nyika kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweGungwa Dema, akadana kwaari Bosporus (Bosphorus) Cimmerian.

Mune ramangwana, mazita vatongi Peninsula kumiganhu yakapa kuti netsika yakanga yakavanakira. VokuTurkey, mutongo pano kuMiddle Ages, rainzi Taman Bogas. Nokusvika kwedzimwe Russian Sushi chidimbu haisi chete zita. Pane anotaura Tauride, Yenikalsky, Kerch-Yenikalsky uye pakupedzisira kuna Kerch Strait.

Dam Dimensions

Chii upamhi Kerch Strait? Chii kureba sei zvakadzama here? Zvinofadza kuziva, pakutanga kwezvose, geographers uye vengarava. Vaongorori vakawana kuti mvura yaro ruoko pakureba uye makiromita 42. Upamhi Range yemakomo 4-15 makiromita.

Strait kunonyanyisa udzamu runowanika ari gang. Kuti pasi pane anenge 18 mamita. Mune 70s remakore rapfuura yakabereka kudzama pamusoro Fairway pedyo dredging muchina. Zvisinei, kuti vasanyanye emadhaka havabvumirwi ngarava dzakawanda yakadzika-richiswedera kufamba takasununguka kubudikidza panjodzi. On nezvikepe, mune zvinotevera zvengarava pamusoro Azov, berekai zadzisa.

Chinonyanya Yenikale dzakaonekwa pa 12-14 tsoka. Pedyo AK-mudariki mvura Mbiru rinosvika 18-23 tsoka. Munzvimbo Kamysh-Burun udzamu anoda kubva 22-24 tsoka. In Chongeleka mapazi, chaiwo pakati payo kusvika pasi, zvinokosha inaye kuti kudzika 42-45 tsoka.

The mirayiridzo unobva pamwe Danagiyu Takil, mvura mbiru muna 58-60 tsoka ine Kerchensky Strait. Kusimba uye upamhi dura nerimwe mapazi akasiyana. Where ndipo kudzika Yenikale mutsetse, akachera mugero kureba matanhatu mamaira. Mbiru mvura muguta rino - 18 tsoka.

Climate

Hazvinei uko upamhi Kerch Strait ane, okunze munyika kureba kwayo chete. Mvura kutanga ushamwari pakuguma May, tembiricha iri lämpömittari uchisvika chiratidzo muna 24-25 ° C yaita chando. Kana matambudziko sokuti anokanganisa, muchirimo nayo dzakasvikira 10 metres, uye panguva yezhizha pane chinokosha donhwe wake matatu uye ipapo mamita maviri.

In yechando, mvura romumhenderekedzo yegungwa munzvimbo zvishoma yakafukidzwa echando uye chando. The akakamanikana haachatyi afanane munda nesinou, hunodzorwa nemhepo yakasimba richisvika 15 m / s, kukukurwa chando uye hafu mita wave. In rinorema ekunze nemasaisai (zvinowanikwa anenge yegore) yakaturikwa pamusoro mudhamu.

Kazhinji, kuerera chinotungamirwa kubva kuGungwa Azov kuGungwa Black. Zvisinei, mumwe zviitiko, Somuenzaniso, kwaita simba southerly mhepo, unogona kushandura mvura. Pamahombekombe anowira chete zvishoma kunaya. Putin kwakakonzerwa kuguma autumn, inogara kwemwedzi inoverengeka.

Waterfront Features

Kerch Strait, noupamhi chiri wakakodzera kudonongodza yegungwa iri nenzwi yakaderera jecha mbariro, yakakodzera ushanyi. Coast akaumba Kerch kweItari iri pachikomo, uye pamawere parukangarahwe. Rocky zvikomo simuka pamusoro mahombekombe pano uye ugoisa pamusoro mvura pamusoro. Nemhenderekedzo achiumbwa neDare Taman Peninsula, Ukuwo, yakaderera.

Nokuda kushomeka kwezvakanyorwa kunonaya pamahombekombe Strait rinofukidza sparse zvinomera. Mhenderekedzo hwakapiwa ane chakakombama chaizvo mutsetse. It anocheka kupinda zhinji tuduku poluostrovkov uye coves. With kwemhenderekedzo utambanudzire mumvura akatsvinda refu jecha pfira.

zvoupfumi sectors

Development Kubata uye kutumira - hwaro womunharaunda remunharaunda upfumi. Zvicherwa nharaunda iyi akapfuma. Cape Iron Horn, akatambanudza pamwe yokumaodzanyemba Taman, chete anozvirumbidza nesimbi esimbi deposits. Zvino akawana nedzimwe nzvimbo pakabudiswa resimbi esimbi zvakananga pamusoro pepasi. The mhangura kunowedzerwa namatare mavari kuti 33%. Industrial dzokubudisa iron kuti 1930s munzvimbo iyi akanga akatakurwa kunze. Vagari yakanga yatsidzira chete kutora pamahwendefa, chip kubva mhangura akaturikidzana uye kuunganidza isina kudzika mvura.

chikepe

Pond pamwe kare kwainzi anokwezva kupfuura nemunyika nomusimboti. Nokuda nenzvimbo kusiyana veguta, batwa intermedia makungwa, akasiyana vanhu zvekare chinozoiswa chinzvimbo zvirongwa. colonists Greek akavaka pano Panticapaeum guta - guta guru Bosporan Kingdom.

Antique Panticapaeum rayo guru chokufambisa tsinga yekare neMiddle Ages - ari Silk Road - haana zvinofanira vararame, uye zvino ari munharaunda iyo akanga, akatambanudza gamba-guta Kerch. Yokutanga dzose muchinjikwa kuyambuka gungwa hwakarongwa munguva Panticapaeum.

Settlement Porfmy akabvumira kuyambuka Strait nhumbi uye vanhu. Watershed akakunda kukwasva uye chaienda midziyo. Pakusarudza nzvimbo yeguta, hapana netsaona. Exploring chii upamhi Kerch Strait mune imwe nzvimbo, vaGiriki akakwanisa kuwana narrowest nzvimbo dura, apo iye akazotaura amisa Porfmy.

Mazuva ano Kerch Strait, ane upamhi munzvimbo inenge 5 makiromita, ari akashongedzerwa ane chengarava "kuCrimea". Nokuda chikepe akakwanisa kumisa mukana namagwatidziro zvachose zvinenge pachiteshi "Kavkaz". Ancient kugarwa Porfmy akaita somunhu kumumvuri rekare uye nhoroondo kumumvuri Kerch chikepe.

Kuhwina makore hondo

Kuedza Serious kubatanidza kumiganhu Kuban uye Crimea vakasikwa 40s remakore rapfuura muchiuto. murayiro eGermany Kerch, iyo inokosha kukosha guta aikosheswa. VokuGermany vaiziva kuti chii upamhi Kerch Strait, asi hazvina kutyisidzira, uye vari vakagadzirira pamwe Watershed pagadzirwe zambuko, zvikuru kupfupisa unoenda Caucasian kunzvimbo inobereka mafuta-. Vari kuva chirongwa kuita, kushingaira kurovedza kuvaka zambuko. Kushandisa zano kuvamisa kutsoropodza muchiuto ezvinhu pedyo Kerch. Masoja Soviet uyo akasunungura guta, vachiedza kugadzirisa chete rikwanise zvimire nyaya: nerubatsiro emauto nhumbi kubva kumahombekombe kuCaucasus iri Crimean chiteshi.

The mutsetse pamberi chakaitirwa pedo dura, saka zviri zvikuru shelled hondo yechiFascist. Izvi chaitadzisa wiring makaremerwa gungwa senga. Sezvo zvakanga zvisingaiti kuvaka zvizere zambuko, vakavaka waya motokari, izvo zvaiita kuti anotakura pamusoro yakamanika mumotokari mutoro. Rakanga nengarava zuva nezuva vanenge 300 matani ose zvigadzirwa. Uye chete kana Crimean nyika vakasunungurwa chose, zvakatanga kuvakwa yakasiyana nedzimwe njanji zambuko kubva atora zvinhu kuburikidza Kerch Strait. Upamhi bhiriji kuti zviite vakasununguka kufamba njanji zvifambiso.

Vanokurira vamwe, kwete akashongedzerwa ledolomami, rwakatora muduku. Kuvaka, kukwanisa kudzivisa kumanikidzwa hofori echando yakadhirika. Mubasa kudzorerwa kwaro vasina, yakapedza chete mumatongo sokuronga chinokosha chinhu, mukuvhiringidza wekushandisa.

Achigura mumakore pashure pehondo

Munguva 1950s, kuvakwa gungwa pamusoro chikepe akatanga. The kuvakwa, iyo yakatanga kushanda muna 1954, inoshanda nhasi. Anowanikwa mamiriro munyika mutsetse pairi ferried mubhazi, motokari uye zvitima. A wandei upamhi Kerch Strait (Photo munyaya ino) akarega kuva chipinganidzo chisingakundiki.

First rire 2 chikepe, achitora macho mitoro motokari pamutsetse. Ipapo vaviri vakawanda zvikepe navo (vagonopriemnikov magadzirirwo kunge akawedzera), dzakatakura mutakurwi zvitima. The Motokari kuisa panzvimbo isina gungano chitima, chiutsi kana zvakazara aendeswe, pasina kuisa ngoro. Knurling chikepe ngoro anobudiswa kushandisa locomotives maviri.

In 1970, kuyambuka akanga akashongedzerwa maviri-injini chikepe dzinopwanya aizi. With chitarisiko chavo, vanhu vashoma chaizvo vava kuziva chii upamhi Kerch Strait, nekuti midziyo iyi vakavhura kunyange yechando isina zvinetso nguva rakavhara mvura pamusoro chando. Mumwe ferries, ice-namapoporodzi akatungamirira Clearance pamusoro Fairway echando, uye wechipiri run pamutsetse. Mukupera eighties, vakanga vakabatana neimwe avtoparom.

kuyambuka basa pashure pokuwa USSR

Midziyo vaiva kushanda kwemakore anopfuura makumi mana kwemakore, muna zvawaifanira mazuvaano. Economic enyika zvinetso vaitevera pokuwa USSR, waiva mugumo kuchiteshi kutaurirana kuburikidza Kerch Strait. Upamhi mvura muviri kamwe zvakare kuva chipinganidzo chisingakundiki nokuti kuti vakuru ferries akanyorwa kure ari chinyorwa, uye ngarava itsva vasina kudzikinurwa.

Action chikepe, misa kusvikira 2004, akatangazve mushure kugadzira uye vavakezve kuchiteshi zvekutepfenyura chacho kugoverwa mudziyo mumwe. Chokutanga kudzorerwa chikepe mitoro nezvitima. Muna 2005, kwakanga akashongedzerwa nemumwe njanji chikepe.

Mashandiro wechivako kusvikira anozivikanwa zviitiko kunze panguva iyo nyika mbiri - Ukraine uye Russia. Co-Kutarisirwa akanga nokudzorwa neIntergovernmental zvibvumirano. Transportation chitima zvitima, motokari uye vanhu chaiitirwa siku nesikati.

Zvino vaizotibata zviitiko pamusoro mazambuko, inoitirwa kuti maximize aibuda nenhumbi akakurirwa upamhi guru Kerch Strait. Ferries nemimwe midziyo vanofanira kuva pasi Optimization, izvo zvichaita kuvandudza nokurera kwacho uye kuvandudza basa vanhu. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kukura achawedzera throughput anokwanisa kuyambuka, kunyanya muzhizha apo aibuda vatakurwi uye motokari inowedzera zvinoshamisa.

Transport kubatana chikepe

Kerch Bus - hwomutambarakede senga nomusimboti. Akaisa zvinoverengeka bhazi migwagwa kuti kutora yakazobuda kuti chengarava "Crimea", Yalta, Sevastopol, Simferopol nemamwe maguta Crimean. Nokudaro hauna chete Suburban mashoko pano zvinobva dzomumaguta pakutengeserana zhinji. City Center anokurukura akapoteredza maguta anoonga kufamba mabhazi, minibuses uye kushanda trolleybus mutsetse. Neliö Train Station iri pamukova Kerch.

Kerch zambuko

Chinobudirira Kugadzirwa remunharaunda chokufambisa tsinga iri chokuita pakuvaka zambuko. Vaongorori vanodavira kuti dzose chokufambisa nzira dzaibatanidza Kuban uye Crimea, achaita kukurudzira kuvandudzwa remunharaunda upfumi.

Panguva ino, pasinei upamhi Kerch Strait mune imwe nzvimbo iri gungwa anomhanya kumativi zana midziyo. Water mbiru kuvanza kufamba mumatanda hove uye simba zvakavanzika zvikazara maguta ekare, zvivako uye vazhinji mungarava ngarava akasiyana epochs of Universe.