Kharyaga. Oil kusango Nenets zvionera Okrug

Oil Kharyaginskoye dhipoziti iri muna Nenets zvionera District uye pedyo nomusha chete zita kumaodzanyemba rworwizi Khariyaga Bolshezemelskaya achinaya mvura. Nzvimbo iyi ndiyo 60 chete kubva kweArctic Circle rinoreva Timan-Pechora mudunhu upfumi. Geological ubanguranyika muna Kharyaga akatanga muna 1977. Mafuta reserves mumunda zvinofungidzirwa matani mamiriyoni 160 panguva. Shoko Khariyaga - Nenets. zita nzvimbo ino rinoshandurwa se "meandering rwizi".

Features munda

Kuwedzera Kharyaginskoye, yakatanga mberi uye East Kharyaginskoye, North Kharyaginskoye, uyewo Middle-Kharyaga. Vakanga yakawanikwa muSoviet Union. Somuenzaniso, kukura zvivako-Average Kharyaga achishandiswa vanachiremba kwemakore 30.

Very machakwi nzvimbo uye rizere richikurukura nzizi dzamafuta akabvunza hunoshamisa rwokugadzira zvinogadzirisa pakuberekwa kutsva pakuchera nzvimbo. Kharyaga - multi-mubhedha, inoitwa 27 deposits. Well Drilling neyokufambisa mari yakaoma ndechokuti yomunharaunda mafuta ine mukuru wevasungwa pamusoro namo, nekuti icho solidifies ari kudziya chete + 29 ° C. Uyewo kuyeuka gasi munda, Soviet Vanodzidza akawana chinouraya rehydrogen sulfide. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, mudonzvo kambani rinonyatsotevedzera kuchengeteka matanho, vakawanda kunyange pamusoro mureza mafuta indasitiri mitemo.

Climatic dzinongoitika ezvinhu

Zvinowanikwa iri kure kuchamhembe Nenetskii zvionera nharaunda iri wegore avhareji tembiricha anenge - 5 ° C. Permafrost munzvimbo tinosvika kudzika 350 metres. Nokuda kwaizvozvi Kharyaga vakagadzirira kutanga maindasitiri kukura kupfuura dzose - mapfumbamwe nemakore. Mining akatanga muna 1986. Zvaibva uye inobva muzvigadzirwa vanoronga Devonian kukura.

madhamu Local vari mupfupi. Vaenda matangiro Nehova diki uye nenzizi. Kudzika madhamu ndiyo 10 - 15 mamita. Iri achinaya mvura Kharyaginskoye munda akasiyana kuchinaya uye muchitonhorera pfupi zvezhizha. chando yake refu ndizvo kuti dzinodziya Continental okunze ari pamuganhu Nenets zvionera Okrug uye Komi Republic.

Oil uye mafuta

Yakabudiswa mafuta Kharyaga ane arambe achirema anenge 0,7 g / masendimita ^3. Zvinonzi mined panguva operative nzvimbo dzakawanda. Zvinoitwa mafuta pamusoro peumwe neumwe wavo anogona siyana. Somuenzaniso, gasi zviri operative chinhu VI yekudyidzana kuvatumwa kuti panguva operative chivako I. Maererano arambe achirema uye matadza guru mafuta Kharyaga rinoreva dzose. Current kugadzirwa azvipire - 1.5 miriyoni ematani pagore.

Oil Kharyaginskoye munda, chidimbu Geological chiri muenzaniso kwakajairika kuti nharaunda yayo hunovapo nezvishoma. "Black goridhe" chose aivigirwa. Zvinonzi zvifambiswe pamusoro pehurumende hunde mapaipi. Route urefu - 2600? Km. Endpoint nzira - Baltic chengarava Primorsk pedyo St. Petersburg.

budiriro kwezvivako

Chikamu chokutanga kugadzirwa mumunda rinonzi "yemhando kugadzirwa danho". Mafuta pumped kubva chinokosha "Kharyaga", apo pakutanga matsime matatu kunge akashongedzerwa. Chechipiri danho rakatanga muna 2000. Rinoreva kuwedzera oiri mvura jekiseni kutanga uye. Zviratidzi kushomeka vanokwanisa huru Mapaipi uye kushomeka nhamba matsime. Vakazosvika mufananidzo zviuru 20 emiti yemafuta pazuva.

Muna 2007, kutanga rakatevera, wechitatu danho okukura. Chinangwa chacho chaiva kukura mamwe reserves uye kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwakaita zviuru 30 emiti pazuva. Rakanga akasika kugadzwa achigadzirira uye kusarudzwa gasi, zvichiita kuti kugumiswa combustion akawandisa mbishi zvinhu. Zvakatanga drilling matsime matsva (zvachose 21). 12 vavo - migodhi, uye 9 vari dzaizopiwa jekiseni. Akatanga kuvaka mamwe makwenzi (East uye North).

varidzi

Munda hunovapo pasi Mapisarema - Production Kugoverana Agreement, simbisai pamwe kwavanoita mumapoka izvo dzakawanda. Gwaro akanga yakasainwa muMoscow musi December 20, 1995. Ipapo mapato kuti chibvumirano chakaitwa kambani French "Total ubanguranyika uye Development kweRussia" uye Russian Federation, vane hanya vanomirirwa Federal Hurumende Administration of Nenets zvionera District.

Muna 1990-ies. Psa aiva idzva uye kujairika nomutemo chimiro nokuda mumhuri upfumi hwenyika. The chibvumirano iroro kuti hurumende ichava dzosera mari dzimwe vanoita mukusika uye kukura munda kwezvivako. Panguva iyoyowo, zviremera vanobhadharwa, iyo akatora chimiro youmambo - mutero pamusoro kushandisa zviwanikwa.

Agreement ane ukoshi makore 20 vakapinda nechisimba muna 1999. Kubvira ipapo akapinda itsva mudzimba uye dzimwe vanoita muna Kharyaginskoye Psa. Vaiva "Norsk-Hydro" (Norway), huchakurumidza kuchinja zita raro kuti "Statoil", uyewo NOC - ". Nenets Oil Company" "Zarubezhneft" zvasungwa muna 2010 kusvika racho. Iye Akatenga "Statoil" uye "Total" kuti 10% of mugove.

Mutekenyi itsva

In Kharyaga wandei pamutemo subsoil. kuchinja kuchangobva kuitwa zvinhu kuchinja kwakaitika pakutanga 2016. The kambani French "Total" akatengesa 20% achagoverwawo "Zarubezhneft". The mutengi rava huru opareta yeminda. The dhiri racho inenge $ mamiriyoni 100.

The initiator kubva pakutengeswa aiva "Total", iro akapinda basa muna 1995. The kutengeserana kwakaitika pamusoro pakanyorwa kuchiva Ushumiri of Russian Federation kuwedzera profitability pakati deposits simba kuburikidza kukuru kunobatanidza "Zarubezhneft" iri kwayo utariri. The boka French vakasarudza kuchinja chinhu mari nokuti kuti Yamal nokuti sokuti zvikuru vaizotibata zvikuru mudunhu kupfuura Kharyaga. "Total" akaita kutengeserana, sezvo anotenga kuti mugove wayo, "Zarubezhneft", zvakanaka kuziva kuti vavake maindasitiri muvaki Nenets zvionera District.

Recent zviitiko

Zvakananga kuti kuva opareta, kambani yacho Russian akagadza chikamu. Vakava Company "Zarubezhneft Khariyaga-kugadzirwa." Kambani rinonyoreswa September 28, 2015. Pausiku ari kutengeserana mamiriro achiri simba ari opareta rechiFrench "Total" akanga vainyatsoongorora nokuda Consulting akasimba Boston Consulting Group. The nemashoko nayo, "Zarubezhneft", chakaita kambani rokuwedzera vashandi vayo. Kubasa, vashandi vakawanda "Total" akatamira opareta itsva.

Distance Usinsk - Kharyaga yatovapo 164 makiromita. Izvi nzira inokosha zvikuru nokuti mafuta indasitiri, sezvo unoenda remunharaunda nepakati mune Komi Republic - inonyanya zvakakunakira nzira yokufamba nepanyika kuna budiriro. Pakuva opareta, "Zarubezhneft" akatora pamusoro kambani Optimization kuti kwakaibatsira kuponesa zvinokosha mari (mamiriyoni 250 rubles) uye kuvatuma kuita munzanga mitoro kuti vashandi vayo. Kazhinji, kambani vakakwanisa kwete chete kuti abudirire kuva French streamlined kugadzira muitiro, asiwo kuvandudza zviratidzi "Total".

tarisiro

Muzhizha 2016 mumwe opareta idzva kushandisa purogiramu yokuvaka Dzimba guru, dzaona kuti nguva kubva 2017 kusvika 2019. Maererano naye, "Zarubezhneft" Unoenda kuvaka matsime matsva uye muhombodo kushanda zvose konekwa zvinhu NZS. Kambani akasarudza kusiya yechinyakare Diesel emagetsi yaipa magetsi dhipoziti (kuti chikatsiviwa ano rezvebonde kuda simba). Uyezve, kuchaderedza imwe Mari opareta uye kuti kugadzirwa rikurumidze.

Kuvaka Zvivako kuti gasi compression zvichabviswa granulated sarufa kuoresa dzakawanda gasi. In 2018 rutsva ugari iya vashandi ichagadzirirwa vatatu chokugara zvivakwa, interconnected kudziya kuchinja. Comfort pokugara mafuta vachaita zvinodiwa zvose ano.