Kubatsira uye pokukuvadza ose zvine mafuta acids

nyaya iyi awana mukurumbira wayo kare kare - kubva ipapo, apo vanhu zvakanga zvakaoma kuedza kuwirirana. Ndipo apo kutaura zvakanaka uye ngozi mafuta. Vanotsvakurudza dzinoiswa kwakavakirwa zvavo namakemikari zvokuimba pahwaro pamberi kaviri zvisungo. Kuvapo kana kusavapo yokupedzisira runoita kuti iparadzanise zvakakora acids mumapoka maviri: nomuti uye unsaturated.

The ehupfumi neimwe inoti zvakawanda, uye vakatenda kuti rokutanga rinoreva zvinobatsira mafuta, asi wechipiri haasi. Zvinonyatsoteerera mbisa chokwadi mhedziso iyi, kana kuti kuramba zviri chinhu chakaipa. Chero dzinongoitika chaikosha ane ukoshi nokuda pahunhu wemunhu. Nemamwe mashoko, edza kunzwisisa, chii kunobatsirei uye kana kukuvadza kubva pakushandisa nomuti mafuta acids.

Zvakakurukurwa makemikari fomura

Kana akaswedera panyaya dzavo samolecular mamiriro, yakarurama danho iri kutsvaka rubatsiro kubva nesayenzi. Chokutanga, yeuka kemisitiri, tinoona kuti zvakakora acids akangosikwa yeHydrocarbon yeimwe uye mabhomba nechivako ravo achiumbwa sezvo nengetani. Chechipiri, nokuti kabhoni maatomu tetravalency. Uye pakuguma ngetani chokuita matatu nezvimedu rehydrogen uye mumwe kabhoni. Pakati kwavo rakombwa maviri kabhoni maatomu uye rehydrogen. Sezvaunogona kuona, dunhu yazara zvachose - hapana mukana kuti kubatana vanenge mumwe rehydrogen inoramba.

Best anomiririra zvine mafuta asidhi fomura. fuma iyi, ane morekuru rimwe kabhoni cheni dzavo makemikari marongerwo vari nyore nemamwe mafuta uye ane kunyange nhamba kabhoni maatomu. zita raro rinobva nomuti yeHydrocarbon gadziriro neumwe Kureba cheni. The yemaitiro ari mukuru muchimiro:

CH3- (CH2) N-COOH

Zvimwe zvivako zviri yeimwe idzi ichazivikanwa noku chakarurama akadai utsotso tembiricha. Uyewo, ivo rakakamurwa mifananidzo: pasi samolecular uremu uye yakakwirira samolecular uremu. Aimbova vane hwakasimba kusachinja-chinja, wechipiri - mvura, dzakanga dziri matadza gobvu, chikuru inoenzanirana tembiricha panguva yavakanga uchanyauka.

Zvine mafuta acids vanonziwo monobasic, nokuti kuti mamiriro avo hapana kaviri zvisungo pakati pedyo kabhoni maatomu. Izvi zvinotungamirira chokuti reactivity yavo zvinoderedza - Muviri womunhu zvakaoma Makakamura kwavari, uye saka izvi kunoda zvakawanda simba.

mamirire zvinhu

Mumiriri dzepamusorosoro, uye zvichida kupfuura akakurumbira pakati zvine mafuta asidhi riri palmitic acid, kana sezvazvakanyorwa kunzi, hexadecanoic. Morekuru Its ine 16 kabhoni maatomu (C16: 0) uye rimwe kaviri chisungo. Inenge 30-35 muzana muRugwaro zvirimo lipids dzevanhu. Uyu ndiwo mumwe chikuru mhando muganhu acids mune utachiona. Zviri varipowo pane mafuta mhuka uye nhamba siyana zvinomera Somuenzaniso, muna nomukurumbira mafuta emichindwe.

A dzakawanda kabhoni maatomu kunoratidzwa stearic uye arachidic zvine mafuta acids, izvo zvinosanganisira, ukuwo, kuti nzira 18 uye 20. First guru kwazvo riri mutton mafuta - pano zvinogona kusvika 30%, uye zviri aripo miriwo mafuta - vanenge 10%. Arachidic, kana - maererano nezita raro enderana - eicosanoic ine ruomba uye mafuta nzungu.

Zvose izvi zvinhu vari mukuru-samolecular yeimwe uye yakasimba kwayo kusachinja-chinja.

"Yakazara" zvigadzirwa

Nhasi pasina navo zvakaoma kufungidzira kicheni ano. Muganhu mafuta acids zvinowanika zvokudya uye mhuka uye muriwo mavambo. Zvisinei, kuenzanisa zviri mumapoka maviri, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti yakakwirira chikamu kwavo mumutsetse wokutanga pane yechipiri.

Ndandanda mishonga ine yakawanda zvine mafuta zvinosanganisira zvose nyama zvigadzirwa: nyama yenguruve, nyama, gwayana uye dzakasiyana siyana shiri. Boka dheri zvigadzirwa kunogonawo vanozvirova kuvapo: aizikirimu, anovava ruomba, ruomba, pano zvinokwanisika kutakura mukaka pachayo. Uyewo vakaomerwa mafuta inowanikwa mamwe marudzi miriwo mafuta: emichindwe womukokonati.

A vachitova rakagadzirwa nevanhu chigadzirwa

Boka zvine mafuta acids uye zvinosanganisira "kubudirira" vakadaro ano chikafu indasitiri sezvo mhiri kwemafuta. Vakazvigadzirirwa hydrogenation kuti muriwo kwemafuta. Musimboti kwacho ndechokuti mvura miriwo mafuta pasi kufurirwa uye dzimwe kutonhora kusvika madhigirii 200 vari pasi gaseous vanoshingaira rehydrogen. Zvinoguma chigadzirwa itsva - hydrogenated kuva dzakaminama samolecular maumbirwo mhando. In zvepanyama ezvinhu izvi mhando hapana kubatana. Chinangwa kuchinja uku anorayirwa kwete chete kubatsira utano hwevanhu, uye anokonzerwa chido kuti "vakasununguka" chigadzirwa zvikukutu anovandudza kuravira, ane unaku akanaka uye refu pasherufu upenyu.

Basa zvine mafuta acids mumuviri womunhu inoshanda

Biological mabasa basa yeimwe izvi zvakabatanidzwa kupa muviri pamwe simba. Muriwo Vamiririri dzavo ndivo mbishi zvinhu aishandiswa muviri kuti aumbe muchitokisi membranes, uyewo panobva zvipenyu zvinhu zviri kuitika munyika mutemo tishu kwendangariro. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya nokuda yakawedzera mumakore achangopfuura, mukana paumbwe nyanyisa anomera. Zvine mafuta acids zvinobatanidzwa munyaya kwetunhu hormone, mavhitaminzi, uye kuitwa-siyana chero zvinhu. Kuderedza kudya kunogona kukanganisa utano hwevanhu, nokuti zvinobatanidzwa kugadzirwa testosterone.

Batsirwa kana kukuvadza kuti zvine mafuta

The mubvunzo ngozi dzavo richakazaruka, nekuti zvakananga chokuita chidzoke denda zvazivikanwa. Zvisinei, pane kubvuma kuti kunyanyisa kushandisa zvinowedzera mikana wandei zvirwere ngozi.

Chii chingataurwa achidzivirira zvakakora acids

Long zvakakwana zvine zvigadzirwa "akapomerwa munyaya" kuwedzera padanho remafuta akawandisa zvakaipa muropa. Modern dietetics vakasangana kuwanikwa zvavo kuti kuvapo muna nyama pamusoro palmitic asidhi uye stearic mu nomukaka zvigadzirwa pachako hakuna nzira vakafungisisa nhoroondo "chinokuvadza" remafuta akawandisa. Chaikonzera zvibereko zvaro kwakawanikwa makabhohaidhiretsi. Kunyange zvazvo pasi zviri mafuta acids regai kuipa chero zvakaipa.

Zvakanga zvakare kuwanikwa kuti kuderedza carbohydrate yaunodya apo kuwedzera uwandu kuparadzwa "yakazara chigadzirwa" pane kunyange zvishomanana kuwedzera padanho remafuta akawandisa "akanaka", zvichireva inobatsira avo.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti pane imwe nguva muupenyu zvine mafuta acids mhando iyi kuva kunofanira. Zvinozivikanwa kuti pazamu mukaka akapfuma pavo uye kukure kuti mucheche. Saka, vana uye vanhu vane kusimba utano kushandiswa zvigadzirwa zvakadaro kunogona kuunza zvikomborero.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, vanogona kukuvadza

Kana zuva yaunodya ose makabhohaidhiretsi kunopfuura 4 magiramu por kilogram kurema muviri, unogona kuonekwa se inokanganisa utano nomuti mafuta acids. Mienzaniso iyi chokwadi: palmitic acid, izvo zvinowanikwa nyama chinokurwadzai vasanyanye insulin yakakodzera basa, stearic acid, aripo nomukaka zvigadzirwa nokushingaira kunoita kuti paumbwe subcutaneous mafuta deposits, uye inokanganisa kumwoyo.

Pano, zvinogona vakagumisa kuti kuwedzera carbohydrate yaunodya anokwanisa kushandura zvigadzirwa "vakapfuma" vari muchikwata che hakuvaki.

Delicious kukanganisa utano

Zvinoratidza "zvinoberekwa zvakasikwa" zvine mafuta acids, kukuvadza iyo haina akaratidza, tinofanirawo kuyeuka chakagadzirwa - hydrogenated, vakawana nokuda kumanikidzwa saturation muriwo mafuta pamwe rehydrogen.

zvinofanira kusanganisira ichi margarine, riri kukonzerwa ayo shoma cost, rinoshandiswa chaizvo: mune zvaAtemisi siyana confectionery zvigadzirwa, nemhando dzose Semi-apera uye munzvimbo Eenhede pakubika. Kushandiswa chigadzirwa ichi nezvinogadzirwa nomukaka hapana chakanaka haagoni kupiwa nokuda utano. Uyezve, chinokurwadzai zvakakomba zvirwere zvakadai sechirwere cheshuga, kenza, nechirwere chemwoyo, vascular occlusion.