Kurasikirwa kwechirevo chekukurumidza kwechiedza. Values uye pfungwa

Sezvo chikoro nguva, tinoziva kuti kukurumidza kwechiedza, maererano nemitemo yeEinstein, inenge isingagoni kuitika mune zvose. Nharaunda kubva kuSuva kusvika kuNyika maminitsi masere, iyo inenge 150 000 000 km. Neptune haina kusvika kusvika maawa matanhatu, asi nzvimbo dzinotora motora dzinotora makumi emakore kuti dzikunde mararamiro akadaro. Asi haasi munhu wose anoziva kuti kukosha kwekukurumidza kunogona kusiyanisa zvakanyanya zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu umo chiedza chinopfuura.

Murairo wekukurumidza kwechiedza

Kuziva kukurumidza kwechiedza muvharopu (ne ≈ 3 * 10 ⁸ m / s), tinogona kuisarudza mune imwe mhizha, zvichibva pakuratidzirwa kwavo nhamba n. Icho chaiyo chekukurumidza kwechiedza chinofanana nemitemo yemagetsi kubva kufizikiki, kana kuti, panzvimbo iyo, tsanangudzo yemuganhu uchishandisa nguva nekukurumidza kwechinhu chacho.

Semuenzaniso, tinotora girazi nekunyorera index 1.5. Kushandisa chiedza velocity formula v = c \ n, tinoona kuti kupera mune imwe nzvimbo iripo inenge 200 000 km / s. Kana tikatora mvura, yakadai semvura, saka kuparidzirwa kwephotoni (chiedza chepine) mukati maro ndeye 226 000 km / s nekodzero yekubvisa 1.33.

Mufaro wekukurumidza kwechiedza mumhepo

Air inewo nzvimbo. Somugumisiro, ine chinzi inonzi optical density. Kana photoni isingasviki nezvipingamupinyi mumugwagwa wavo muvharidzi, saka mune imwe miviri vanopedza nguva yakawanda mukufadzwa kweatomic particles. Izvo zvinotyisa nzvimbo, iyo nguva yakawanda inotora kuitira kufara uku. Nhamba yekudzorera (n) mumhepo inenge 1 000, 292. Uye izvi hazvifambi zvachose kubva pamiganhu ye 299 792 458 m / s.

Masayendisiti eAmerica akwanisa kuderedza kasi yechiedza kusvika kunenge zero. Kupfuura 1/299 792 458 seconds Kukura kwechiedza hakugone kukunda. Chinhu ichocho ndechokuti chiedza chakafanana nemagetsi emagetsi anoshandiswa se-X-rays, mafungu eredhiyo kana kupisa. Misiyano iyi chete mumusiyano pakati pewavelength uye nguva yakawanda.

Chinhu chinonakidza ndechokushaikwa kwehuwandu hwepoton, uye izvi zvinoratidza kusavapo kwenguva yepepe yakapiwa. Zvimwe chete, nokuda kwepoton yakazvarwa mamirioni mazhinji, kana mabhiriyoni emakore akapfuura, kwete yechipiri yakapfuura.