Positive uye inokanganisa vanhu mhuka: mienzaniso

mabasa Human, kunyanya okupedzisira shoma emakore yazvino revanhu, chokwadi chakasimba kupfuura zvinoita kuti rokuchinja zvakatipoteredza. Igaroziva vanhu pamusoro mhuka Somuenzaniso, zvose zvakanaka nezvakaipa, zvava muzana remakore rechi21 zviri zvakapararira zvakasikwa, kuti munhu anogona kutaura zvakananga ukama yokupona vamwe rudzi kubva mberi nokushanda kwenhengo yebudiriro.

Times Ancient: vavhimi

Kunyange munguva Upper Paleolithic vanhu vakatanga kunovhima. Mumazuva iwayo, matambudziko vanhu mhuka kwaisanganisira kunyanya kuparadzwa yakatotsakatika kwemarudzi dzakadai nemapoka uye woolly chipembere (avo mapfupa yawanikwa Pavaichera panguva nzvimbo nguva dzevanhu). The ipapo kugadzirwa: mhuka, hove, shiri - akapa vanhu puroteni zvokudya, zvinopa zvokuvakisa shangu nembatya, vamwe zvemumba. Made dzemhuka amatenhe, mapfupa uye tusks dzakavakwa panogara rokupedzisira chando zera. Maererano nedzimwe nevaongorori, panguva idzodzo, vanhu vaigara duku Nzanga 100-150 nhengo. Panguva musoro vaiva vazhinji vakuru nemhando pfuma, kusanganisira reserves zvokudya uye musha waiva zvakajairika. Enough kutonhora kwekunze kwakatungamirira kudiwa nokukurumidza mbatya uye mumwe chinyakare panogara mazuvaano. Somuenzaniso, namatehwe emhuka vakauraya uye kudyiwa gurwa, uye ibwe tsono pamwe kumicheto chibhakera mumakomba, ipapo zvose ane crosslinking elongated tambo. Maererano nokutsvakurudza, mumwe rakajairika iyoyo yakadai kushandisa mapfupa nemapoka kana zvimwe mhuka huru sezvo chivako mashoko misha. It kuchera zvakare yakadzika denderedzwa kana kumativi buri. At kumucheto gomba vakadzingwa vapinde mbabvu muchibudisira. All kuvaka izvi sheathed kana zvakasimba kukunakira matehwe akafukidzwa matavi uye yakafukidzwa pasi.

Farmers nevachengeti vezvipfuwo

Kushandiswa nyama sezvo chikafu kwakaita, maererano Shona, kuti chokwadi kuti vanhu vakadzidza kushandisa moto nokuda kwaro kukuru kurapwa uye dzaichengetwa dzimwe mhando (kwete kunovhima, uye kuva nyama chawo yaswedera nguva dzose). Sezvo kuvandudzika nzira uye maturusi uye kunovhima yakawedzera kufurirwa vanhu nemhuka uye zvakatipoteredza. Kunoratidza zvikuru chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda: chaipo pokuparadzwa dzomusango kwemarudzi zvinoshandiswa sezvokudya, uye domestication vamwe vamiririri, uye zvisina kunanga - kushandura mujinga chirimwa risati chidzoke uye kupararira kurima. A yezwi nenzira yomufundisi youpenyu uye kurima (muna neolithic) matambudziko vanhu nemhuka vakatodzidza itsva siyana uye chaizvo. Uye nzira kuwedzera kunzwisisa uye kuwedzerwa.

Zvisina kunanga munhu kukanganisa mhuka

With kupararira zvokurima vanhu vanobatanidzwa kuwedzera nzvimbo kuita kudyara uye kukohwewa. Izvi, zvikurukuru, awedzera zvisina kunanga munhu zvazvinoita mhuka. Kunoparadzwa dzinongoitika nzvimbo, masango vakanga vakatema uye kukudziridzwa Mafuro uye minda, izvo zvakaita kuti redistribution uye kunyange kunyangarika mamwe marudzi fauna of uye nekusiyana, munhanganyaya vamwe.

tengeserana

Huge kunaka kwevanhu kukanganisa mhuka, izvo zvakazoita kuti Kutsakatika kutopedza kana kucherechedza zvinoderedza dzimwe vanhu uye marudzi, rwave Fisheries kukura - rakarongeka kugadzirwa mhuka kuti vawane Somuenzaniso, mbava. Saka muzana remakore rechi16 (zvikazikamwa, nemhaka kutsvakurudza wenhoroondo Karamzin) The Emperor pakati Muscovy pashure pokukundwa kuSiberia zvinoisa vanonzi vamiririri iri jasaku marudzi vaigara imomo: 200 000 Sable hombodo, tsindi 500 zviuru, 10 zviuru makava ..! Kwakadaro kwaiva mutengo nyaya hove, izvo aiva kukuru kwevanhu kukanganisa mhuka iyi!

kuparadzwa hove huru

Vachivhimei Hofori idzi hwemvura akaberekwa kare. Pakutanga, vanhu vakashandisa shato huru zvitunha kuti vakabvuma kubhengi. Zvadaro, mumaziso vavhimi vekare gomo iri nyama uye mafuta zvava anodiwa kwete chete, asiwo inokwanisika chaizvo. Uyewo, shato huru - chisikwa anononoka, uye kana achida, zvinogona kubata kunyange nyore besparusnoy chikepe. Nokuti yayo firimu wakanyatsokodzera nyore anopinza pfuti uye tambo. Also vakaurayiwa mumvura haana kunyura, waivawo chinokosha vavhimi. Pomor kunovhima hove huru kwenguva refu, asi munyika yose kuparadzwa kwemarudzi rakatanga muzana remakore rechi17. Ipapo vanhu bowhead hove huru yakanga yakawanda kuti ngarava vaifamba kuenda Svalbard, chaizvoizvo akanga kusunda mativi avo nemombe. Pagore kuredza mumazuva iwayo, Dutch, vokuDenmark, vanhu vokuGermany, British, French uye Spanish vakaendeswa 1,000 motokari pagore! Uye maererano pakutsvakurudza mubvunzo, shato huru wepagore kugadzira Somuenzaniso, muzana remakore rechi18 kwakaita zvinopfuura 2,5 zviuru pagore. Hazvishamisi yakakura reserves kwezvinoshandiswa mhuka, uye pakazopera remakore rechi19 ichi mhando akaiswa munhu pamahombekombe nokutsakatika! Uye muna 1935, International Commission anovamba kurambidza hove kuti bowhead hove huru.

mimwe mienzaniso

Dzakadaro kunaka kwevanhu zvazvinoita mhuka. Mienzaniso zvichibvira zvimwe chikonzero: kwemiti of Amazon masango, kupwa yeGungwa Aral, kunyangarika rakakwana munhu mamwe marudzi mhuka mhosva (inowanzorimwa kengurovidnaya gonzo, nguruve dzakaparadzana bandicoot, krasnobryuhy opossum, yemhara Yemen, Madagascar Pygmy mvuu, munhu marsupial mhumhi - uye kunyange 27-chete rokupedzisira remakore). Zvinofungidzirwa kuti kubvira 1600 vanhu kuparadzwa kanenge 160 subspecies uye eshiri, vanopfuura 100 - mhuka. Ndizvo zvichaitirwa Somuenzaniso, bison uye Tours, tarpan uye gungwa mhou, kusarudza kuti vanhu zvavo.

mabasa Economic vanhu

Human mabasa asina chokuita Fisheries uye kuvhima, uye nhasi ane hombe zvazvinoita mhuka. Saka, somuenzaniso, kukura munharaunda mukati nzvimbo iri mhuka, uye, somugumisiro, achidzikisa zvokudya kungaita zvinoderedza chavagari uye Kutsakatika kwezvimwe. A muenzaniso unoshamisa - chinokosha rutapudzo pamusoro Siberian ingwe. Uye nyanza dziri network zvakagadzirirwa kubata hove, Dolphins vanofa gore negore - makumi ezviuru! Pashure pezvose, havagoni tisabatwa uye bitirirwa. Uye munguva pfupi ichangopfuura, ndeyokuti rufu muzvikoro Dolphin yakasvika 100,000 pagore.

kwezvakatipoteredza jabwanira

Mumakore achangopfuura, ndiyo imwe inokosha kunaka zvinhu kwevanhu zvazvinoita mhuka. Radioactive kusvibiswa, iine acid mvura panyika, anokuvadza choutsi kupinda hwemvura zvakatipoteredza uye mhepo - izvi zvose zvinotungamirira vasanyanye uwandu mhuka uye anoderedza kusiyana kwemarudzi panyika.

Positive kwevanhu kukanganisa mhuka

Kutaura zvazviri, pane zvinhu zvakawanda vanhu apepuka kudoka. Zhinji mhando dzemhuka munyika nhasi vava kuda kutsakatika, uye vamwe vamene yokukanganwa. Asi umwe anofadza, kuti kunyange muzana remakore rechi21, yakawanda pfungwa inobhadharwa kudzivirira zvakatikomberedza, kudzivirira mhuka pangozi. Gadzira reserves, mhuka tsvene uye omunyika imomo, apo vanhu vari kuedza kuti adzikunure vakarasika. Hazvishamisi, nokuti, maererano Zvaifungidzirwa mamwe masayendisiti, kana vanhu haagumiri uye mberi dzinoparadza mabasa avo pasi pose, izvozvo zvingaita kuti anosuruvarisa magumo uye nokukurumidza (vamwe kupa makore anopfuura 50) zvose zvipenyu zvose panyika.