The salinity kweGungwa White. Geographical nzvimbo, zvechadenga Sea White

Sea White, izvo mazera akasiyana inonzi mondo, North, Solovki makadzikama rinoreva kweArctic Ocean reEurope chikamu Russia. Ari VaViking yekare akamudana Gandvik, iro rinoshandurudzwa rinoreva "Bay venyoka."

History yakawanikwa

Sea bheseni rave richizivikanwa kubvira muzana remakore rechi11 neSvondo. Panguva iyoyo, vanhu Novgorod, zvakanga zvikuru kubva pfungwa nemaonero wekushandisa dzaishandiswa pakutengeserana. Chokwadi kuti dzakapoteredza mumasango inogarwa mhuka dzakawanda kubereka mbava-. Nokukurumidza akatanga kuonekwa pamhenderekedzo musha vavhimi, uyo pakarepo vakatengesa nedebwe uye nyama kugadzirwa nechikepe kure vatengesi. Mukutanga 1490s varayirwa chevaux Ivan III rakavakwa dzomutengesi zvikepe uye international chiteshi. Kumboda ngarava akatumira pemahombekombe muDenmark uye shure.

Nokukurumidza, muGungwa White akatanga Dzinogara Dzichifamba Chirungu uye Dutch ngarava. Vaiva uye nezvikepe zvavatengesi, uye kutumirwa. Mumwe wavo akanga ari muchikepe, "Edward Bonaventure" pasi patronage hwaMambo Great Britain Edward VI. Pakati 1550 muMoscow uye London chigaro pedyo dzaishandiswa ukama. Kwapera makore mashomanana Gungwa White yazova mumwe chikuru pamusika nzvimbo Russia. The Dutch, vokuBritain uye vokuDenmark vanogara akaita refu Reisen kuti pamhenderekedzo kugarwa idzva rinonzi Kholmogory. Gare gare guta Yakazopiwa zita rokuti muna Arkhangelsk. Nepo vatengesi vatorwa bribed serisina furs, nyanzvi uye vatsvakurudzi aifarira zvikuru pasi salinity kweGungwa White. Kunyange zvakadaro, chikamu rwendo akawanda gore kuoma simba chando vasakukurwa.

Description mvura

Avhareji kudzika Sea White zvichisiyana 50 kusvika 200 metres. Shoal Kunoonekwa muna Onega uye Dvina bays kuchamhembe chikamu bheseni. The gobvu pfungwa - 340 metres. Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti Gungwa White ane duku nzvimbo pakati pakushambwa nembiya Russia. Nzvimbo iyo vakafukidza, ndeyevanyori 90 chete zviuru mativi makiromita Panguva iyoyo mumvura pane svikiro kadikidiki zvitsuwa zvizhinji, somuenzaniso, Solovetsky.

Nzizi pakukura ruchiyerera muGungwa White, vakaisawo Mezenov, Ponoyu, naKemueri, Onega uye Northern Dvina. Muganhu mvura anonzi kuva mutsara kuparadzana of Kanin Peninsula uye Kola. The chikuru zvengarava vari Byelomorsk, Arkhangelsk, naKemueri, Onega, Kandalaksha, Mezen uye Severodvinsk. Bay venyoka ndezvaJehovha miganhu mvura Russia. Pool vakaisawo Strait huro, Onega uye Dvina vachapfumbira ndebvu Gulf of Kandalaksha.

chikamu chimwe nechimwe pamhenderekedzo ine zita vayo: Terek, Karelian, Summer, Kanin, Winter, Abramovskiy, Lyamitsky, Konushinsky nedzimwe nzvimbo ..

The tembiricha uye salinity rwedziva

Mvura yeGungwa White anogara chando, saka haisi akakurudzira kushambira pasina kurovedza chaiwo midziyo mairi. The tembiricha panyika zvichisiyana -1 kusvika +14 inegumi.

White Sea munguva yechando vakawanda akafuka gobvu paiva chando. Kuwedzera tembiricha mvura iri vakachengeta chete kubva May kusvika August. Muchirimo, nhamba kumuka 16 madhigirii nechepakati chikamu bheseni. Pamusangano kudzika 50 metres tembiricha wakachengetwa pedo razero. The salinity kweGungwa White Rinobatanidzwa ane hydrological utongi chaiwo. Nokuda huru inflow nzizi uye pasi, uye zvishoma azvipire mukutsinhana pamwe Barents Bay desalination mabasa yekudyidzana vakapfuura dziva. Saka salinity yeGungwa White anenge 26 ppm. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo, nhamba iyi hazvirevi kusapfuudza pachiyero 18 ppm. At 100 metres kudzika pasi salinity yeGungwa White inosvika 31 ppm. Chikonzero kurega kunotanga uye desalination nyanzvi hunonziwo kuti wokushambidzira serin'i.

Hydrological uye okunze Data

PaGungwa White Maze zvakananga zvarinoita zvibereko mvura pamwero iri Barents Basin, iro rine Semi-diurnal hunhu. Chinonyanya kuoneka inflow kuti ari estuary Semzha uye Mezen Bay. Ikoko, mvura pamwero achisimuka 7 mamita. Paavhareji kumiswa Sea White zvichisiyana 0,6 kusvika 3 m.

Bheseni anozivikanwa semadutu hwekazhinji. In Mumatsutso chinozunguzirwa kukwirira kunogona kusvika 6 mamita. Panguva dzakasiyana-siyana mugore pamusoro pegungwa vari mhepo yokumabvazuva uye kumaodzanyemba-westerly, asi kazhinji dzinoitika kuchamhembe chete simba gusts. Zvichireva pakaitika zviitiko anouya kunaya kwakakura 1 mita. Vazhinji gore gungwa akafuka chando. Utsotso inoitika kubva May kusvika June, uye chete pakupera July uye muna August, tembiricha mvura unokubvumira kushambira nokukurumidza kana chinyararire kutora motokari ari muchikepe. Zvisinei, kunyange muzhizha kuchamhembe chikamu nzvimbo kuramba zvinoyangarara chando ukobvu kusvika 40 cm.

dziva pfuma

The Sea White akapfuma zvigadzirwa hove uye matope. Mumakore achangopfuura, kugadzirwa Dzinogara pose mumvura nepanyika mhuka yave kugadziridzwa. Mvura dziri zhinji kwazvo herring, safuroni cod, whitefish, Sarimoni, seflounder, tsvina uye kodhi. Pakati mhuka kubvumirwa marezinesi yokuvhimwa chezvisimbiso, iwo zvisimbiso beluga hove huru. Kuchamhembe chikamu bheseni veko kuzoposhera gavok uye seagulls. Kubva algae zvinodhura vangazivikanwa fucus uye kelp. Uyewo kugara pano bivalves.

Pane kubva muindasitiri nemaonero kunokwezva Gungwa White? Resources anonyanya rinomiririrwa zvicherwa zvakadai, akadai jecha, mavhu, goko uye pahurungudo. Tichishandisa ichangopfuura, Vanodzidza vakawana nemuGungwa zvinokosha ferromanganese nodules.