Main Caucasian ridge: tsanangudzo, zvidimbu, zvikomo

Zvinoshamisa kuti makomo emakomo akanaka anogona kuonekwa mune izvi zvinoshamisa uye zvakasiyana-siyana munzvimbo dzaro dzakanaka. Nzvimbo dzakakwirira dzinotyisa zvikuru ndeyeGreat Caucasian Range. Iyi ndiyo nharaunda yepamusoro-soro uye yakareba pakureba kwayo kwemakomo eCaucasus.

Small Caucasus nemipata (iyo Riono-Kura kuora mwoyo) inomiririra kuoma kweTranscaucasia.

Caucasus: tsanangudzo yakazara

ICaucasus iri pakati peGungwa reCaspian neBlack Sea kumaodzanyemba kumadokero kweAsia.

Iyi nharaunda inosanganisira makomo eGreater and Lesser Caucasus, pamwe nekudengenyeka pakati pavo kunonzi Riono-Kura kudengenyeka, mhiri kweGungwa Dzvuku nemakungwa eCaspian, Stavropol Upland, chikamu chiduku cheCaspian pasi (Dagestan) uye mabani Kubano-Priazovskaya nechekumabvazuva kweDon River pa Chikamu chemuromo wayo.

Makomo eGreater Caucasus ane urefu hwemakiromita 1500, uye kumusoro kwepamusoro ndiElbrus. Kureba kwemakomo eCottcasus is 750 km.

Kwapera nguva yakati tichazoongorora rwizi rweCaucasian muchidimbu.

Geographical location

Muchikamu chekumadokero kweCaucasus nemiganhu yeGungwa Dzvuku neAzov, kumabvazuva - neCaspian Sea. Kumusoro kuchamhembe kweEurope yeEurope kunowedzera, pamwe nemuganhu uri pakati payo nemakomo eCaucasian achidzokorora muganhu weAsia neEurope. Ikokupedzisira inopfuura parwizi. Kuma, pasi pekudengenyeka kweKumo-Manych, pamwe nemvura zhinji ya Manych and Vostochny Manych, uye ipapo nechokuruboshwe rweDon.

Muganhu wekumaodzanyemba weCaucasus ndiro Araks River, kunze kweiyo mapurani eArmenian uye Iranian, uye rwizi. Chorokh. Uye mhiri kwerwizi, makomo ePontic peninsula yeAsia Minor anotanga.

Caucasian ridge: tsanangudzo

Vanhu vanotya uye vanosimudza vave vakasarudzwa kwenguva refu nemakomo eCaucasian , iyo inokwezva vahedheni vanobva kumativi ose enyika.

Nzvimbo yakakosha yeCaucasian inoparadzaniswa kuita zvikamu zviviri Caucasus: Transcaucasia uye North Caucasus. Iyi makomo anowedzera kubva kuGungwa Dzvuku kusvika kumahombekombe eGungwa reCaspian.

Kureba kweCaucasus ridge kunopfuura makiromita 1200.

Nzvimbo iyi, iri munharaunda yeigadziro, inomiririra makomo akawanda kwazvo eNether Caucasus. Uye zvikomo zvakasiyana chaizvo. Zviratidzo zvadzo kubva pa 260 kusvika pane mamita 3360 pamusoro pegungwa.

Kubatana kwakakwana kwechiedza chemukati mamiriro okunze uye zvinoshamisa mamiriro ezvinhu inoita nzvimbo iyi yakanakisisa yezvivaraidzo zvekushanyirwa kwevatariri chero nguva yegore.

Guta guru reCaucasian munharaunda yeSsochi rine nzvimbo dzakakwirira zvikuru: Fisht, Khuko, Lysaya, Venets, Grachev, Pseashkho, Chugush, Malaya Chura naAssara.

Kuumbwa kwematombo ematombo: mawere nemarombo. Pamberi pacho, paiva negungwa regungwa. Munharaunda yose yakakura, munhu anogona kutarisa kunyanya kunzwisiswa nemafuta akawanda emvura, nzizi dzakaoma uye makomo emakomo.

Panenge pakakwirira yeCaucasian range

Musoro weCaucasian ridge yakawanda uye yakasiyana zvakasiyana-siyana.

Elbrus ndiyo nzvimbo yakakwirira yegomo reCaucasian, iyo inomiririra nzvimbo yakakwirira kupfuura kwete muRussia chete, asiwo muEurope. Nzvimbo yegomo ndeyekuti kwakapoteredza ikoko ikoko inorarama nyika dzakasiyana-siyana, dzakapa mazita avo akasiyana: Oshkhomakho, Alberis, Yalbuz naMingitau.

Gomo rinokosha kupfuura mamwe ose muCaucasus nechechi yechishanu paPasi pakati pemakomo, akaumbwa nenzira iyi (nemhaka yekuputika kwemakomo).

Iko kukwirira kwemahombekombe akawanda eRussia makiromita mashanu mazana matanhatu nemakumi mana nemaviri mamita.

Mune zvimwe zvakadzama pamusoro pepamusoro pepamusoro peCaucasus

Kukwirira kukuru kweCaucasian ndeye gomo rakakwirira kwazvo muRussia. Inoratidzika semakoni maviri, pakati pei (kure nemakiromita matatu kubva kune mumwe kune mumwe) kumucheto mamita 5,200 chiremba. Wekumusoro-soro ane, sekutaura kwatakataurwa, kureba kwemamita 5,642, zviduku - mamita 5621.

Kufanana nepamusoro pezvikomo zvose zvekuputika kwemhepo, Elbrus ine zvikamu zviviri: mamita 700 mamita ematombo uye kona yakawanda (mamita 1942) - mugumisiro wekuputika kwemakomo.

Ichando chapamusoro chakafukidzwa kubva pakakwirira kwema 3,500 mamita. Mukuwedzera, kune glaciers, iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa yeyo Small uye Big Azau naTerskop.

Icho kutonhora panzvimbo yakakwirira yeEbrbr is -14 ° C. Mvura inopera pano inowanzosvika nguva dzose mumhando yechando saka saka glaciers haikanganise. Pamusana pekuonekwa kwakanaka kweElbrus kunokwira kubva munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dziri kure uye panguva dzakasiyana dzegore, gomo iri richiri nezita rinofadza - Malaya Antarctica.

Iko kunofanira kuonekwa kuti kwekutanga kokutanga kumabvazuva kwepakakundwa nevakakwira muna 1829, uye kumadokero kwepamusoro muna 1874.

Glaciers pamusoro pekudya kwepamusoro kune nzizi huru dzehara ino - Terek na Kuban.

Central Caucasus: ridges, parameters

Nharaunda, Central Caucasus chikamu cheGreater Caucasus, iri pakati pemakomo eEbrus naKazbek (kumadokero nekumabvazuva). Panzvimbo iyi nzvimbo yakakura yeGreat Main Caucasian makiromita 190, uye kana tikafungisisa gyrus, inenge 260 km.

Muganhu wenyika yeRussia inopfuura nomunharaunda yeCentral Caucasus. South Ossetia neGeorgia vari shure kwayo.

Makiromita makumi maviri nemavirira kumaodzanyemba kweKazbek (kumabvazuva kweCentral Caucasus), muganhu weRussia unofambisa zvishoma kusvika kuchamhembe ndokupfuurira kuKazbek, uchikomba mupata weGeorgia weTerek River (kumusoro).

MuCentral Caucasus, kune maguta mashanu akafanana (akatarisana nemakiromita):

1. Nzvimbo yakakura yeCaucasian (kusvika kusvika 5203 m high, Shkhara gomo).
2. Ridge Lateral (kureba kusvika 5642 mamita, Gomo Elbrus).
3. Ridge Rocky (kureba kusvika mamita 3646, Gomo Karakay).
4. Ridge Pasture (kusvika mamita 1541 mamita).
5. Ridge Lesid (kureba mamita 900).

Vatashanyi uye vanosimudza zvikuru vanoshanyira uye vanoparadza matambo matatu okutanga.

North uye South Caucasus

The Great Caucasus, sechinhu che geography, inobva kuTaman Peninsula, uye inopera munharaunda yeApsheron (peninsula). Zvose zvidzidzo zveRussian Federation uye nyika dziri munzvimbo ino ndeyeCaucasus. Zvisinei, maererano nenzvimbo yenharaunda dzezvidzidzo zveRussia kune rumwe rutivi rwakava zvikamu zviviri:

• Iko North Caucasus inosanganisira Krasnodar Territory ne Stavropol, North Ossetia, Dunhu reRostov, Chechnya, Republic of Adygea, Ingushetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Dagestan uye Karachay-Cherkessia.
• South Caucasus (kana Transcaucasia) - Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan.

Elbrus region

Elbrus munharaunda - chikamu chekumadokero cheCentral Caucasus. Nharaunda yaro inotakura misoro yemvura yeBhaksan River nemitambo yayo, nzvimbo yekuchamhembe kweElbrus uye nechekumadokero kweGomo Elbrus kusvika kumhenderekedzo yakarurama ye Kuban. Nzvimbo yakakwirira kupfuura iyi yeElbrus inozivikanwa, iri kuchamhembe uye iri muCast Ridge. Yechipiri yepamusoro-soro ndeyeGomo reUshba (mamita 4700).

Nharaunda yeElbrus munharaunda inozivikanwa nokuda kwenhamba yayo yakawanda yepamusoro-soro ine makomo makuru uye masvingo ane matombo.

Mvura yakakura zvikuru inowanikwa muElexbrus glacial complex, ine 23 glaciers (nzvimbo yese - 122.6 sq. Km).

Nzvimbo yehurumende muCaucasus

1. IRussia Federation inotora chikamu chikamu cheGreater Caucasus uye makiromita ayo kubva kuWathedhed uye Main Caucasian Range kusvika kuchamhembe. 10% yevanhu vose vanogara muNorth Caucasus.
2. Abkhazia inewo nzvimbo dziri zvikamu zveGreat Caucasus: iyo nzvimbo kubva kuKodori kusvika kuGagra Range, Gungwa RemaGungwa pakati pemvura. Psou naInguri, uye kuchamhembe kweInguri chikamu chiduku chezvikomo zveColchis.
3. South Ossetia iri kuSouth Caucasus. Kutanga kwenharaunda iyi ndiyo Main Caucasian Range. Nharaunda yacho inosvika kumaodzanyemba kubva iyo, pakati peRachin, Suram neLomis mahara, kusvika kumupata iwoyo weKura.
4. Georgia ine nharaunda dzakazara uye dzakapararira dzenyika mumipata uye pasi-pasi pakati pemapani eCaucasus Small uye Big kumadokero kweKakheti Range. Nzvimbo dzakakwirira zvikuru dzenyika iyi Svanetia, chikamu cheGreater Caucasus pakati pemakona eKodori neSuram. Nharaunda yeGeorgia ye Lesser Caucasus inomiririrwa neMeskheti, Samsara uye Trialeti. Zvinotarisa kuti yose yeGeorgia iri muCaucasus.
5. Azerbaijan iri pakati pe Watershed Ridge kumaodzanyemba uye Araks uye Kura Rivers kumaodzanyemba, uye pakati peCottas Caucasus neKakheti Range uye Gungwa reCaspian. Uye inenge yose yeAzerbaijan (iyo Mughan plain uye makomo eTalish ari kumakomo eIrish) iri muCaucasus.
6. Armenia ine chikamu chenharaunda ye Lesser Caucasus (zvishomanana kumabvazuva kweMupata weAkhuryan, iyo inotonga yeAraks).
7. Turkey inotora chikamu chekumaodzanyemba-kumadokero kweCottas Caucasus, iyo inomiririra mapurisa mana ekumaodzanyemba enyika ino: Ardahan, Kars, pamwe naErzurum naArtvin.

Makomo eCaucasus ose akanaka uye ane ngozi. Maererano nemamwe masayendisiti, kune chiitiko chokuti mumakore zana anotevera gomo rinoputika (Mount Elbrus) rinogona kumuka. Uye izvi zvakazara nemigumisiro yakaipisisa kune nzvimbo dzakapoteredza (Karachaevo-Cherkessia naKabardino-Balkaria).

Asi, chero zvingave, mhedziso ndeyokuti hakuna chimwe chinhu chakanaka kupfuura makomo. Hazvibviri kurondedzera zvose zvakasikwa zvakanaka zvenyika ino inoshamisa ine makomo. Kuti uwane zvose izvi, iwe unofanirwa kushanyira izvi zvinoshamisa mukanakisa paradhiso. Kunyanya kusinganzwisisiki, ivo vanoonekwa kubva kumatenga ekumusoro kweMakomo eCaucasus.