Mufananidzo Aleksandra Nevskogo iri mifananidzo: tsananguro, zvinonakidza zvinhu uye wongororo

Alexander Nevsky - munhu mukuru uye muchinda, imwe nyanzvi uto mutungamiri uye Wenyika, nzwisa mumudzimu uye dzetsika, akabatanidzwa guru basa nhoroondo Russian wehurumende. Vakaonga, kwete chete vazukuru, asi vanhu vanogara chipo, zhinji creators akakurumbira akarumbidza mufananidzo wake unyanzvi.

Alexander Nevsky: munhu munhau

Ani naani anoziva nhoroondo, anoziva munhu akafanana Alexander Nevsky. Aiva Grand Muchinda All Russia, uye akaita chaizvo kuti kukura simba, waiva nesimba mumweya uye inozivikanwa simba.

Rondedzerai Muchinda upenyu hunogona refu uye zvakaoma, asi zviri nani kuti nyora zvose zvayo madunhurirwa, izvo vachaudza mumwe nomumwe wavo; muchinda Novgorod, Muchinda Kiev, Prince Vladimir, mutungamiri hondo Kievan Rus uye Mutsvene yeChechi yeOrthodox.

Kwemakore ake 42 weupenyu rechi13 muchinda remakore aiva zvikuru, saka kwemazana emakore mufananidzo Aleksandra Nevskogo mu unyanzvi rumbidzo mumabasa mazhinji. Uye kubva panguva yake uye nekuguma mazuva edu.

Mufananidzo Aleksandra Nevskogo mukudzidza: pfupiso

Alexander Nevsky inozivikanwa wose, uye zita rake ndiye nguva dzose pamusoro nzeve, saka zita migwagwa, dzinoungana uye alleys, uye iye St. Petersburg aiva musande aive. Zvisinei, kwete chifananidzo kuroorwa muchinda haana kuuya nhasi, uye vose anozviona nenzira yakasiyana. mufananidzo wake anozviratidza kare siyana mabasa ounyanzvi uye anogona chete zvishoma nyora idzi:

• Old Russian mabhuku.
• Yokunyepera.
• Kutarisana Arts.
• Cinema.
• Sculpture.

Mufananidzo Aleksandra Nevskogo mumabasa ounyanzvi: tsanangudzo

Literature, unyanzvi uye iconography, mabhaisikopo uye mumhanzi, chivezwa uye mapurani - zvakasiyana siyana ounyanzvi, saka hazvisi yakafanana nepedyo. Asi chinokosha mufananidzo hazvo kuwanikwa kwose kwose, izvo akadzivirira nyika yaro uye vanhu vayo, achizviratidza muenzaniso.

Unogona kurarama refu kupa vamwe mukana wokutaura uye kutaura nevanhu siyana pamusoro munhu worudzii wakanga Prince, achirondedzera nokubudirira ake, sezvo kazhinji mufananidzo Aleksandra Nevskogo mumabasa ounyanzvi akataura, uye zvinokwanisika kuti funga mumwe mhando yoga kunzwisisa sei zvinokosha somunhu chaiye.

Alexander Nevsky paguva

Mufananidzo Aleksandra Nevskogo ari unyanzvi zviri kwose, uye kupenda Zvakamubatsira yakawanda achiteerera. Chimwe chikamu yokudhirowa chokusika Portraits ake uye vanoratidzwa muhondo, vamwe vakasarudza embody mufananidzo musande, uyo zvino akanamata vatendi vazhinji.

Kuwanika Russian kupenda iri dziri muchimiro vakasiyana Ice Battle ari yenhau.

Pfungwa rwakabhadharwa kuna Grand Duke uye akakurumbira painter Nikolay Rerih wakati akanyorwa mifananidzo inoverengeka Vasnetsov, uye Corinne Moller uye Serov pamwe yake yakakurumbira kupenda "The Entry pamusoro Aleksandra Nevskogo muPskov pashure Hondo iri Ice."

Vazhinji vemifananidzo vanoratidzwa Nevsky panguva hondo uye hondo, achiratidza mutungamiri ake akasimba uye akashinga nemauto, kwete imwe hondo akanga akunda vane murayiro pasi.

Nevsky nemabasa Semiradsky

Mufananidzo Aleksandra Nevskogo ari ziso hwemashiripiti kuoneka GI mifananidzo Semiradsky. Muna 1875, iye somudzidzi of Art Academy muSt Petersburg akapiwa basa kuumba mifananidzo ina dzakatsaurirwa kuna St. Aleksandru Nevskomu. Kwemakore, ivo akarasika, asi unogona kuona yokunyora nokudhirowa, izvo zvinoratidza kuvapo kwavo muna Russian Museum.

Nyaya Mifananidzo asina kusarudzwa by the artist pachake, uye akakurukura ne basa raikosha, iro rairatidza zvinotevera mumatanho kiyi upenyu Grand Duke, kana muchinda vakashanyira Batu Khan, paakapiwa nhume, zuva rokufa kwake, uye chishamiso zvakaitika munguva kuvigwa.

Semiradsky akakwanisa kusika zvinoshamisa mifananidzo iyo akaisa kukosha kuti zvizere. On the pamatende aibatanidza unyanzvi vakawana nenzira zvedzidzo chikoro, uye pokudzora German Artist vezvikepe.

Kupenda mufananidzo, apo muchinda anooneka pamberi vateereri mutongi muduku uye akasimba, hazvina wakanyatsokodzera mutemberi. Utsvene Prince zvakanga zvakaoma zvokufungidzira, vomunguva vakacherechedza uye kunyange akanyora nezvazvo mumapepanhau.

Alexander Nevsky uye chitendero

Nhasi, nokuti vose Orthodox Alexander Nevsky ari mutsvene uyo akanyengetera ose zuva mazana ezviuru zvevanhu tichikumbira kubatsirwa uye nemhaka chishamiso. Nechekare muna 1280 rakazoshandiswa airemekedzwa somusande, uye gare gare muchinda akanga somusande neChechi. Alexander Nevsky hunonyatsobatana chitendero, uye runoratidzwa zvakasiyana siyana ounyanzvi.

The Order of St. Aleksandra Nevskogo kwairatidzwa zvarayirwa Catherine I, uye muna Soviet Union hwagadzwa muna 1942, imwe, iyo paakavapa kuti kubudirira pakuvhiya zvechiuto.

Pane vaviri mifananidzo inozivikanwa kwazvo, mumwe hwakasikwa Ivanom Grekovym muzana remakore rechi18.

Mufananidzo Aleksandra Nevskogo ari unyanzvi uye akariisa pakuvaka temberi mumaguta akasiyana-siyana Russia. MuMoscow, pamusoro munharaunda reuto ibwe yokutanga vakaradzikwa 1995 uye vatsvene kubudikidza seizvi Alexy II.

In St. Petersburg, muna 1710, akanga akaronga ibwe Mutsvene Trinity Alexander Nevsky Lavra rokutanga, kuvaka yakatora kwenguva refu uye dzimwe zvikamu, rakapera chete muna 1790. Cathedral yakavakwa Petrozavodsk muzana remakore rechi19, kunyange pakutanga yaiva chechi iri chirimwa, yakavakwa pamusoro mipiro revashandi.

Kunogona kuva kwenguva refu ipi yokuverenga temberi, machechi uye makamuri akavaka nezita Aleksandra Nevskogo, asi zvinokosha kutaura guta, apo munhu anogona kuona nzvimbo tsvene: Yaroslavl, Great uye Nizhny Novgorod, Yekaterinburg, kuChelyabinsk, muPskov, Riga, Yalta, Tallinn nevamwe vazhinji, kunze Russia.

At mabhaisikopu

Chimwe chinokosha mutsika siyana, anochengeta vapenyu kuyeuka Prince, anogona kunzi cinema. Muna 1938 wakazviratidza pamusoro sefa firimu "Alexander Nevsky" by Sergeya Eyzenshteyna wokuimba. Akanga paakavapa ari Stalin Prize akadikamwa vanhu, ndezvaJehovha nhasi kune dzekare mufananidzo 30-ies.

Muna 1941, apo Hondo yeNyika II yakatanga, firimu iri akadzokera Rental kwerunyararo mudzimu, akanga kunyange kubudirira zvikuru inosvitswa. Firimu Starring zvose chaunofarira uye anozivikanwa vatambi: Nikolai Cherkasov, Nikolai Okhlopkov, Andrei Abrikosov nevamwe.

Nyaya kunoitika 1242. Ndokuguma muhondo chete yeSweden kundorwa Russia akatanga kurwisa Teutonic mauto. It rinopedzisa mufananidzo hondo pamusoro Lake Peipus.

Mufananidzo Alexander Nevsky ari unyanzvi, kusanganisira firimu iri, zvikuru zvinokosha. Muchinda kunoratidzwa gamba uyo aigara achiedza kudzivirira nyika yavo uye vanhu vavo.

mabhuku mabasa

Mufananidzo Aleksandra Nevskogo ari siyana mabasa ounyanzvi, kusanganisira mabhuku, kwave kurumbidzwa zvikuru nevanyori uye vadetembi. Kutaurwa kwokutanga mumabhuku akaonekwa kuonga muchinda akararama. "Upenyu Aleksandra Nevskogo" rinoreva Monuments of Russia yekare, rinoudza pamusoro pezvaiitwa uye ushingi Nevsky.

Muna 1977 akabudisa nyaya zviitiko remakore rechi13, apo Novgorod vamutye kurwisa vokuGermany. Nyaya iri pamusoro kutapwa munhu akachenjera, tipfume, ari Patriot of Novgorod Republic. Story inonzi "Ishe Novgorod Guru", zvakanyorwa muna DM Balashov.

Zvinofadza kunyora yokufungidzira-trilogy "Alexander Nevsky" by munyori SP Mosiyash. The chigadzirwa inotanga ndechokuti guta rinorondedzerwa nesimba Novgorod Guru, ayo kukosha uye chinangwa anokunda nyika pedyo. Asi Novgorod haadi kuzvipira, nekuti achizvidzivirira awana muchinda uye akangwara wavarwi Nevsky.

mumhanzi

Muna 1938, zvakatanga vadyi basa rinotungamirirwa Sergey Eyzenshteyna uye Prokofiev munyori. The chikuru basa ari muimbi aiva kuumba mumhanzi uri chomunda footage papfungwa dzavo uye mafungiro. Kuburikidza mumhanzi, munyori akakwanisa kubudisa mufananidzo gamba akarwa hondo dzinotyisa, zvose pamwe yakajeka uye uprofita hwezvaizoitika mifananidzo uye rwiyo uye choral mifananidzo.

Mharidzo chifananidzo Aleksandra Nevskogo akaitwa zvakajeka zvikuru basa Sergeya Prokofeva, ane nziyo zvakanyorwa mashoko nyanduri Lugovskogo. Kunoratidza nayo mumabasa dzakadai cantata "Alexander Nevsky", iine zvikamu zvinomwe. chidimbu chimwe nechimwe rakagadzirirwa vatambi zvakasiyana: soloists, kwaya uye kwaya, zvichienderana chikamu "Battle pamusoro Ice," "Vakafa Field", "Dzorudzidziso muPskov," nezvimwewo ...

nhoroondo sezvivako

Mufananidzo Aleksandra Nevskogo mu siyana ounyanzvi, kusanganisira chivezwa, varehwa ezvivako zhinji, nhasi vanogona kuonekwa zvose pamusoro nyika. Yakakurumbira ndedzinotevera:

• Monument muSt Petersburg, hwakagadzirwa murongedzeri Valentina Kozenyuka uye kuiswa muna 2002 pamberi Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Monument rakagadzirwa Pink girenayiti, uye mufananidzo akatasva bhiza, unokandirwa kubva zvendarira.
• Muna 1993, shongwe muPskov Nevsky Sokoliha mugomo, sezvo zvakanga zviri muguta rino muna 1242 kwakaitika kukundwa of Teutonic Knights musi Lake Peipus. The musiki pechifananidzo ndiwo mapurani Iosif Kozlovsky.
• In Novgorod zvakare shongwe yakavakwa 1985 pamusoro building. On kuyeukwa kukunda musi Lake Peipsi vakabata Misangano mikuru mukukudza guru wavarwi. Chimwe Monument rikaiswa pakati peguta pakatarisana kukereke Boris uye Gleb.

Kuwedzera kune nzvimbo idzi, pane zvivako muMoscow, Rostov-on-Don, Aleksandrov (Vladimir nharaunda), Vladimir uye Kursk.

Nevsky unhu kupima uye migumisiro kwake

Alexander Nevsky akararama uye akatonga ari kure remakore rechi13, sei mashoko echokwadi kusvika chipo, hapana anogona kutaura kuti chokwadi hachisi. Vanyori unhu hwake regai kuisa vanofungidzira akanaka pachena, dzimwe nguva Runako ndivo kupfuura vaishora.

Zvisinei, muna 2008 muchinda rakanzi "zita Russia", uye muna 2016 akava aiva musande aive munyika ehondo Russian Federation. Zvakaoma nharo ndechokuti mufananidzo Aleksandra Nevskogo mu muri aripo mumabasa mazhinji kuti aonekwa zvakasiyana nguva, rumbidzo yake, uye vanoti mukuru.

Zvisinei, wongororo munhu uyu kwete chete akanaka. Vamwe vanyori venhau dzakaitika vanofungidzira kuti muchinda kwakaita irreparable kukuvadza kuti hurumende, kwakatungamirira Russian nyika Tatars neshamwari Sartak, anova mwanakomana Batu, uye kunyange munin'ina wake anotengesa. Asi mumwe munhu anosarudza chii kutenda, uye chii chakaitika haigoni kuchinjwa.