Mumuviri makemikari zvivako chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi

Kusiyanisa zvokugadzira zvinhu, mumuviri, zvemaziso uye makemikari zvivako chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi. Mumuviri chizenga zvakananga giravhiti, ruvara, zvemagetsi conductivity. Hunhu boka iri zvakare chafariz conductivity, kubvunda maitiro uye arambe achirema yacho simbi.

Pakazosvika zvemaziso unhu zvinosanganisira mukana wokushandiswa, elasticity, zvakaoma, simba, kuoma.

Chemical ehupfumi chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi zvinosanganisira ngura nemishonga, solubility uye oxidation.

Characteristics akadai "castability", hardenability, weldability, ductility, muri kwezvinhu.

mumuviri ehupfumi

1. Color. Metals musapfuura chiedza napo, kuti haisi segirazi. In nechiedza, nechimwe chine maatomu akafanana ine mumvuri wawo - ruvara. Pakati hwokugadzira coloring simbi ine chete yemhangura alloys nayo. Nokuti mamwe zvinhu maitiro ndiwo Hue sirivha-chena kuti vhudzi-simbi.
2. Fusibility. characterization Izvi zvinoratidza nekugona chinhu pasi kupisa kuva mvura kubva hwakasimba. Fusibility anonzi anokosha ehupfumi chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi. Panguva kudziyisa, nesimbi zvose kubva chakasimba kusvikira mvura. Pamusoro kutonhora, yakaumbwa fuma, zvinopesana neizvi kuchinja - kubva mvura kusvikira hwakasimba ezvinhu.
3. Electrical conductivity. maitiro Izvi zvinoratidza kugona uchatamisa vakasununguka maerekitironi dzemagetsi. The zvemagetsi conductivity pamusoro simbi muviri ane chiuru nguva kupfuura asiri esimbi. With kuwedzera chinoumba tembiricha magetsi conductivity kunodzikira, uye sezvo tembiricha zvinoderedza, ukuwo inowedzera. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti conductivity pakati alloys kucharamba yakaderera kupfuura simbi vanoumba kuti chiwanikwa.
4. Magnetic ehupfumi. To pachena rinobva (ferromagnetic) zvinhu zvinosanganisira chete cobalt, nickel, simbi uye zvinoverengeka alloys dzaro. Zvisinei, panguva kudziyisa kuti tembiricha hwakarayirwa akati zvinhu vanorasikirwa remagineti yavo. Yasarudzwa simbi alloys pa nzvimbo tembiricha haisi vari ferromagnetic.
5. Thermal conductivity. characterization Izvi zvinoratidza kupisa tichikwanisa kuchinja kubva zvishoma nenharo muviri neshungu pasina pachena misha yaro constituent inoramba. Yakakwirira pamwero chafariz conductivity achibvumira kupisa uye muchitonhorera simbi zvakaenzana uye nokukurumidza. Pakati hwokugadzira zvinhu ane chikuru mwero zvemhangura.

Nesimbi iri kemesitiri nenzvimbo nzvimbo inokosha. Kuvapo runoenzanirana zvatariswa anobvumira kushandisa pfuma pane imwe nzvimbo.

Chemical ehupfumi chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi

1. Ngura. Ngura akadana kuparadzwa zvinhu nokuda electrochemical kana namakemikari ukama zvakatipoteredza. The muenzaniso Inonyanya anonzi rusting simbi. Ngura kuramba pakati inokosha dzinongoitika zvechadenga zvinoverengeka simbi. Panyaya iyi, zvinhu zvakadai sirivha, ndarama, Platinum, vari akakudzwa. Rine yakakwirira ngura nemishonga kuti nickel nezvimwe nonferrous simbi. Ferrous nesimbi inozviisa kuparadza nokukurumidza uye akasimba kupfuura ruvara.
2. Oxidizability. mamirire ichi rinoratidza chinhu kukwanisa sei pamwe O2 achifuridzirwa oxidizing nevamiririri.
3. Solubility. Metals kuva mvura risingaperi solubility kana kuomesa zvingaite zvakasimba dambudziko. In zvinogadzirisa izvi maatomu mumwe chinoumba midzi muna sekristaro yekamuri pakati dzimwe vomumatunhu chete mukati zvimwe.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti muviri uye namakemikari zvivako zviri simbi mimwe chikuru unhu zvinhu izvi.